Objective To investigate the effects of painless ward standardized pain management on pain control and postoperative recovery of patients with inguinal hernia after surgery.Methods From January 2015 to January 2016,44 cases of inguinal hernia in Department of General Surgery,First People's Hospital of Huainan,control group (22 cases) and observation group (22 cases) were retrospectively studied.The patients in observation group underwent painless ward standardized pain management and those in control group underwent traditional pain mnanagement model.Pain score after surgery,time for get out of bed after surgery,postoperative intestinal exhaust time,duration of night sleep,and satisfaction degree for pain-control were comparrd between two groups of patients.Results For pain score after surgery,the observation group 3 h after operation,postoperative 1 d,2 d pain score respectively (3.46 ± O.56),(2.72 ± O.21),(2.20 ± O.43) points,the control group 3 h after operation,postoperative 1 d,2 d pain score respectively (4.48 ± 1.52),(3.55 ± 0.40),(2.80 ± 0.40) points,there were significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).For sleep time,the observation group on the day of surgery,postoperative 1 d,2 d sleep time respectively (5.23 ± 0.98) h,(6.57 ± 0.54) h,(7.50 ± 0.54) h,the control of sleep time of 2 d group on the day of surgery,postoperative 1 d,respectively (4.35 e 1.28) h,(5.17 ± 0.45) h,(6.72 ± 0.61) h,there were significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The satisfaction rate of pain control in the observation group was 86.3％,which was higher than that of the control group 50.0％ (P ＜ 0.05).The observation group first ambulation time,anal ventilation time,hospital stay were (10.5 ± 2.0) h,(16.8±2.1) h,(6.6±1.4) d,the control group for the first time,ambulation time,anal ventilation time,hospital stay were (15.9 ± 3.O) h,(22.6 ± 3.3) h,(7.5 ± 1.2) d,there were significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).However,there was no difference between the two groups in the total cost of hospitalization.Conclusions Application of painless ward standardized pain management for patients with inguinal hernia after surgery can shorten time for get out of bed after surgery,postoperative intestinal exhaust time,prolong duration of night sleep,improve satisfaction degree for pain-control during hospitalization.

Background and purpose: At present, the treatment of elderly patients with ovarian cancer, espe-cially advanced ovarian cancer, tends to be conservative, and elderly patients often can not receive standard treatment. There are few treatment experiences and research data. This study aimed to investigate the treatment outcome, survival and prognostic factors of elderly patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for women older than 65 years diagnosed with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ epithelial ovarian cancer between Apr. 2008 to Dec. 2012 in Chongqing Cancer Hospital. Results: Of the 181 women who met study criteria, 8.8％ received no treatment, 12.7％ underwent surgery alone, 15.5％ received chemotherapy alone, 33.2％ underwent non-standard treatment, 29.8％ underwent standard treatment. Baseline comparison of different treatment methods showed that the proportion of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was lower in the standard treatment group. After Correcting the effect of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, the median survival time of standard treatment (48 months) and the median survival time of non-standard treatment (47 months) were significantly longer than that of the other treatment groups (P<0.001). The median survival time of chemotherapy alone (26 months) was significantly longer than that of the surgery alone and untreated group (P<0.001), while the median survival time of surgery alone was similar to untreated group (9 months vs 8 months, P=0.269). Multivariate analysis using Cox model showed that treatment, residual lesion size, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases significantly impacted on survival time. Conclusion: Standard treatment was still the key factor for the best survival of elderly women with advanced ovarian cancer. When this is not offered or possible, chemother-apy alone offers better survival than surgery alone. However, surgery alone does not improve prognosis.

Objective:To establish a method for the content determination of magnesium in esomeprazole magnesium. Methods:The content of magnesium in esomeprazole magnesium was determined by inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Re-sults:The linear range was 10.0-80.0 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 8). The average recovery was 99.55% with RSD of 1.35% (n=9). The detection limit was 0. 000 75 μg·ml-1 and the quantitative limit was 0. 002 5 μg·ml-1 . Conclusion:The method is accurate, sensitive and reproducible, which can be used for the content determination of magnesium in esomeprazole magnesium.

Objective To find the source of CA 125 in serum and the values of the expression of CA125 in serum, ascites and tissue in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Detected the expression of CA125 in the primary lesions of epithelial ovarian cancer and the metastasis in abdominopelvic cavity (peritoneal and omental metastatic lesions) by S-P immunohistochemical methods. Compared the expression of CA 125 in tuberculose focus and acute inflammation focus in abdominopelvic cavity and detected CA125 in serum and ascites by ELISA. Results The levels of CA125 in serum of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer [(523.66±158.02)kU/L],benign epithelial ovarian tumor [(138.11±26.52)kU/L] and tuberculosis of abdominopelvie cavity [(486.56±147.10)kU/L] were higher than that with the normal ovary [(17.48±3.37)kU/L], and there were significant differences (P<0.05).The levels of CA125 in serum of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity were significantly higher than that with benign epithelial ovarian tumor, and there were significant differenees (P<0.01). The levels of CA125 in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer [(996.85±337.87)kU/L] and tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity [(596.78±197.10)kU/L] were higher than that with benign epithelial ovarian tumor [(179.48±63.08)kU/L] and normal ovary [(177.70±51.72)kU/L], and there were significant differences (P<0.01).The level of CA125 in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was higher than that with tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity, and there was significant difference (P<0.01). By correlation analysis, the relationship of the level of CA 125 in serum and in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was positive correlation(r=0.687). Conclusion Besides the original and metastatie lesions (greater omenta and peritoneum) of epithelial ovarian cancer can express CA 125, the second Maller canal, for example the peritoneum mesothelial cell can be stimulated to express CA125 by ascites, which results in the increase of CA125 in serum.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Rebamipide,Omeprazol and their combination in treatment of gastric ulcer.Methods Forty gastric ulcer models were induced by acetic acid and randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 in each.The rats in control,Rebamipide,Omeprazol and combination groups were received saline (3 ml/d),Rebamipide (60 mg/kg),Omeprazol (10 mg/kg) as well as Rebamipide combined with Omeprazol for 7 days,respectively.After sacrifice,size of the ulcer and focal layer structures were measured in vitro by using miniature probe ultrasonography(MPS),mucosal sections were stained with H-E for histological examination,levels of interleukin-8/ prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and methylenedioxyamphet amine (MDA) were evaluated by ELISA and TBA,respectively. Results ① Miniprobe ultrasonography revealed that comparing to control group[(22.3 ± 1.8)mm2], the maximal length of ulcer in Rebamipide [(9.2 ± 1.0) mm2 ],Omeprazol [(9.8 ± 1.3) mm2] and combination [(4.8 ± 1.2 )mm2 ] groups were significantly reduced ( P＜0.05 ).② In vitro,MPS examination revealed that layer echo structure of gastric wall was partially rebuilt in three medication groups,③ Histopathologically,comparing to control group,ulcer range and inflammatory infiltration in all medication groups were less important.④ The mucosal level of IL-8 in control group [(1387.8 ± 132.6)pg/ml] was higher than that in Rebamipide group[(970.0 ± 91.6) pg/ml],Omeprazol group [(1102.2±76.9)pg/ml] and combination group[(934.4 ± 110.2) pg/ml] (P＜0.05).⑤ The mucosal level of MDA was (9.4±1.4)nmol/ml and (8.5 ± 4.8)nmol/ml in Omeprazol and Rebamipide groups, respectively,which was higher than that in combination group[(4.6±1.4)nmol/ml-] and lower than that in control group[(13.0±2.6)nmol/ml].⑥ The PGE2 level was significantly increased in Omeprazol, Rebamipide and combination groups [(96.9 ± 7.0) pg/ml,( 103.5 ± 12.5 ) pg/ml,and(235.5 ± 26.0) pg/ m,respeetively] compared to control group[(55.0±22.5)pg/ml,P＜0.05)].Conclusions Rebamipide, Omeprazol and combination regimen may improve quality of ulcerative healing by increasing level of PGE2 and decreasing levels of IL-8 and MDA in gastric mucosa,and this will result in potentially reducing the rate of ulcer recurrence.Combination regimen shows more anti-ulcer effect comparing to monotherapy.

Objective To elucidate whether down-regulation of homo sapiens eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 (EEF1A2) expression induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells and its possible mechanisms. Methods Two siRNAs targeting human EEF1A2 were synthesized and the siRNA/liposome complexes were transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3. RTPCR and Western blot were used to analyze the change of EEF1A2 expression and the apoptosis rate of BxPC-3 cells was studied using Annexin-V/PI assay. To identify the mechanisms involved, the apoptosis associated proteins such as caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, PARP, cytochrome C and Bid were detected by Western blotting. Results Both EEF1A2-targeting siRNAs reduced the EEF1A2expression, and the No. 2 siRNA inhibited EEF1A2 expression to less than 25 % in mRNA and protein levels. Down-regulation of EEF1A2 expression in BxPC-3 cells enhanced cell apoptosis (15.28% ±3.65%) at a greater level than negative siRNA-expressing cells (10. 11% ± 3. 05%) or mock cells (9.41 % ±4.14 %). Furthermore, reduction of EEF1A2 activated the pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-3,pro-caspase-9,PARP and Bid to their active forms, and increased the expression of cytochrome C.Conclusions These data suggest that EEF1A2 down-regulation could significantly induce apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3, which is likely mediated by the death receptor and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of diisopropyl sulfate in ezetimibe. Methods:Diisopropyl sul-fate was determined by GC with a DB-FFAP capillary column (30 m × 0. 32 mm, 0. 5 μm) and an FID. The carrier gas was nitrogen and the flow rate was 2. 0 ml·min-1 . The temperature program was as follows: the initial column temperature was 40 ℃, and then raised to 180 ℃ at a rate of 25℃·min-1 ,and maintained for 2 min. Results:Diisopropyl sulfate had a good linear relationship with-in the range of 4. 040-13. 466 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8). The average recovery was 97. 57%and RSD was 2. 37% (n=9). Conclu-sion:The method is specific and reproducible with high sensitivity, which can be used to determine the content of diisopropyl sulfate in ezetimibe.

Drug delivery system targeting immune system plays an important role in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.Drug delivery system targeting immune system could target immune cells or immune organs.It could be divided into active targeting mediated by the interaction of ligand-receptor or antigen-antibody and passive targe-ting mediated by pH;particles and so on.This review summarizes new progress for drug delivery system targeting immune system;which provides a theoretical reference for designing the safe and effective drug delivery system and providing efficient and safe treatment for inflammatory diseases.

Objective To explore the effect and the possible mechanisms of silent homo sapiens eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2(EEF1A2)gene on the growth of pancreatic cancer cell in vivo.Methods The pancreatic cancer xenograft models in mice were established.The mice were equally divided into control group,negative control group and EEF1A2 group,which were injected with PBS,negative control siRNA and EEF1A2 siRNA into xenograft tumors respectively.The size and weight of tumors in each group were measured.The expression of EEF1A2 and PCNA in tumor tissue of each group was detected by immunohistochemistry.The cell apoptosis rate in tumor tissue of each group was determined by TUNEL.Results In xenograft nude mice models,since the 17th day of injection,the growth of tumor size in EEF1A2 group was obviously slower than that of negative control group and control group(all P＜0.05).By the end of the treatment,the tumors were cut off and weighted.The weight of tumors in EEF1A2 group(0.27g± 0.06g)were significantly lower than those of control group and negative control group(0.39g± 0.08g and 0.43g± 0.07g,P＜0.05).EEF1A2 mostly expressed in cytoplasm of pancreatic cancer cell.In negative control group and control group,the positive cells distributed densely and the positive rate was(72.58 ± 25.47)％ and (76.75±23.19)％ respectively.The distribution of positive cells in EEF1A2 group was scattered and the positive rate was(34.78±21.36)％,the difference was statisically significant(P＜0.01).The expression of PCNA at protein level in EEF1A2 group was significantly lower those that of control group and negative control group(P＜ 0.01).The result of TUNEL test indicated that the cell apoptosis rate in EEF1A2 group was higher than those of control group and negative control group (P＜0.01).Conclusions The EEF1A2 gene can be effectively silented in vivo,which significantly inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cell.It may be related with inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors,clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and history of stroke. Methods A total of 771 patients with acute myocardial infarction diagnosed and admitted to Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2005 to March 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into either a stroke group (n=387)or a control group (n=384)according to whether they had previous ischemic stroke or not. The risk factors for cardiovascular disease,clinical characteristics of the disease,and clinical outcomes of the patients in both groups were compared through the case control analysis. The endpoint events observed were acute ischemic stroke,cerebral hemorrhage,and cause of death during hospitalization. Results (1)The median age of the patients in both stroke and control groups was 71 (37-91 )and 62 (29-90 )years respectively. The female patients in the stroke group were more than those in the control group (n=125 vs. n=91). The incidence of complicated with hypertension (72. 9%[n=282]and 47. 6%[n=183]) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (39. 0%[n=151]and 20. 8%[n=80]respectively)were high. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0. 01). (2)The time from the onset to admission in patients of the stroke group was longer than that in patients of the control group (median 11 h vs. 4 h). The incidence of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (16. 0%[n = 62 ]and 1. 8%[n = 7 ] respectively)was higher. The incidences of complicated with gastric stress ulcer (7. 0%[n =27 ]and 2. 1%[n=8]respectively),atrial fibrillation (10. 6%[n=41]and 3. 9%[n=15]respectively),and acute pulmonary edema-cardiac function Killip class≥Ⅱ(51. 9%[n =201 ]and 37. 8%[n =145 ] respectively)were more higher. The findings of coronary angiography in patients of the stroke group were that the incidence of left main coronary artery or 3 -branch lesion higher than that of the control group (52. 9%[126/238]and 32. 4%[97/299]respectively). There was significant difference (P <0. 05). (3)The incidence of new stroke in patients of the stroke group (5. 7%[n =22 ]and 1. 8%[n =7 ] respectively)and in hospital mortality (13. 7%[n=53]and 7. 6%[n=29]respectively)were higher than those of the control group. There were significant differences (P<0. 01). Conclusion The age of the patients with acute myocardial infarction with previous identified history of stroke is older. The incidence of female patients is higher than that of the non-stroke patients,and most of them have risk factors that complicated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. These patients often have the complications with peptic ulcer disease and heart failure,and their coronary angiography often show multi-branch lesions,and they are more prone to ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular events during the hospitalization.