Objectve To investigate the correlation between vertebral artery hypoplasia (VAH) and posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS).Methods The patients who were diagnose as ischemic cerebral stroke and underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and cervical three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography from March 2012 to March 2014 were enrolled.VAH was defined as vertebral artery diameter ＜ 2 mm and thin or did not develop.They were divided into either an anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACIS) group or a PCIS group according to the sites of disease.The clinical and imaging data were compared.Results A total of 137 patients were enrolled,including 96 patients (70.07％) with ACIS and 41 (29.93％) with PCIS.Thirty-seven patients were (27.01％) diagnosed as VAH,including 13 on the left and 24 on the right; 14 females and 23 males.The detection rate of females (29.17％) was higher than that of males (25.84％),but the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.175; P =0.676).There were significant differences in TOAST classificanon (x2 =6.710; P =0.035),combined with ischemic heart disease (14.6％ vs.61.5％ ; x2 =25.262,P ＜ 0.001) and VAH (58.5％ vs.13.5％ ; x2 =9.505,P ＜0.001) between the PCIS group and the ACIS group.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that VAH was independently correlated with PCIS (odds ratio 10.788,95％ confidence interval 3.863-30.131; P ＜ 0.001),and combined with ischemic heart disease was independently correlated with ACIS (odds ratio 0.082,95％ confidence interval 0.024-0.278; P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions VAH is not rare in patients with ischemic stroke.It may promote the occurrence of PCIS.

Objective To investigate the change regulation of the serum ferritin level and its correlation with the clinical outcomes.Methods The patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled.Their clinical data were collected.The serum ferritin levels were detected within 24 h after admission and on day 3,7,and 14,respectively.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes at day 90 after onset.mRS 0 to 2 was defined as good outcome and ＞ 2 was defined as poor outcome.Results A total of 32 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled,including 18 in the good outcome group and 14 in the poor outcome group.There were significant differences in age (66.33 ±12.57 years vs.76.50 ±6.55 years;t =-2.908,P =0.007),baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (median [interquartile range];9.50 [4.75-11.25] vs.15.00 [11-20];Z=-3.499;P=0.001),diastolic blood pressure (82.16± 13.79 mmHg vs.94.76± 12.17mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa);t=-1.145,P=0.045),amount of bleeding (4.50 [2.75-9.00] mlvs.11.00 [7.50-15.00] ml;Z=-2.613,P=0.008],blood glucose (5.82±0.87 mmoFL vs.7.09±1.72 mmoFL;t =-2.548,P =0.020),and white blood cell count ([7.26 ± 2.36] × 109/L vs.[10.94 ±5.83] × 109/L;t =-2.440,P =0.021) between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group.The serum ferritin levels of the good outcome group were 139.81 ± 98.50 μg/L,181.77 ± 97.29 μg/L,198.17 ±96.63 μg/L,and 159.59 ±72.43 μg/L,respectively,within 24 h on admission and at day 3,7,and 14.There were no significant differences at each time point (F=1.397,P =0.251),and those of the poor outcome group were 226.07 ± 119.22 μg/L,297.36 ± 81.48 μg/L,305.45 ± 97.05 μg/L,and 307.74 ± 82.54 μg/L,respectively,and they increased progressively over time (F =4.245,P =0.044);at each time point,the good outcome group was significantly lower than the poor outcome group (within 24 hon admission:t =-2.242,P=0.033;at 3 days after onset:t =-3.234,P =0.003;at 7 days after onset:t =-3.149,P =0.004;at 14 days after onset:t =-3.628,P =0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the serum ferritin level within 24 h on admission (odds ratio 1.048,95％ confilence interval 1.004-1.095;P=0.034)and baseline NIHSS score (odds ratio 1.021,95％ confidence interval 1.004-1.039;P =0.016) were the independent risk factors for affecting the outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.Conclusions The serum ferritin level increases in the poor-outcome patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.The increased serum ferritin level is an independent risk factor for poor outcome in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective In order to evaluate nursing students' clinical nursing knowledge and ability objectively, we tested a clinical nursing examination system which is based on the computer technology. Methods The proposed project used the whole group of sampling methods. Data were collected via class unit. All the 620 subjects recruited from seven classes of grade 2007 (280 students )and eight classes of grade 2008 (340 students). Results Students of grade two without clinical practice had lower scores when answering clinical nursing case problems compared with grade one students who went through clinical practice. Conclusions The computer simulated clinical nursing testing system has better validity and reliability in evaluating students' clinical nursing ability.

Objective To explore the status of Cryptosporidium infection among injection drug abusers(IDUs) based on the purified recombinant CP23 protein antigen.Methods The serologic antibody response of Cryptosporidium infection was examined by indirect ELISA in the collected 588 serum episodes of IDUs and 384 cases of healthy persons. Results Among 588 cases of IDUs, 69.90% of them were serologic antibody-positive, compared with 29.43% of the healthy persons, with a significant difference(P

Objective To evaluate biodistribution and pharmacokinetics pattern of ~(131)I-labeled rch24which is the region-grafted (humanized) anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody in nude mice. Methods Nude mice bearing cancer xenografts received intravenous injections of ~(131)I- rch24, then blood, plasma, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, tumor and other tissues were taken at different time point for determination the concentration of radioactivity and calculate the T/NT value. Nude mice were packeted randomly to four group of high, medium, low dose and continuous administration, blood drug concentration was detected by ELISA method at the different intervals. Then, draw the concentration-time curve and calculate the pharmacokinetics paramete. Results After administration, radioactivity of the tumour was significantly enhanced whereas radioactivity of normal tissues decreased gradually. For single administration, at the dose of low to medium, pharmacokinetics pattern was linearity -kinetics whereas for high dose group,pharmacokinetics paramete shown some behavior of non-linearity-kinetics. Conclusion Our results suggest that the ~(131)I-labeled region-grafted (humanized) anti-CEA monoclonal antibody rch24 exhibit a considerable targeting activity so as to ~(131)I radioisotopes can be concentrated specifically in tumor. The pharmacokinetics pattern of this medicine was different at different dose.

Objective To detect the sera anti-enteric neuronal antibodies ( AENA ) in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea ( IBS-D) patients and analyzed its correlation with IBS-D symptoms to explore the potential roles of AENA in the pathogenesis of IBS.Methods IBS-D patients diagnosed with RomeⅢdiagnostic criteria were en-rolled in this study.The sera of healthy subjects were used as controls.Indirect immunofluorescence ( IIF) was used to detect the sera AENA with the substrate of ileal submucosal plexus of guinea pig .The immune reactivity ( IR) stains were read in blinded method .The bowel symptoms of patients with positive AENA were compared to thatwithnegativeandweeklypositiveantibodies.Results 1)Atotalof127IBS-Dpatientswereenrolledinthis study.The positive rate of sera AENA was 85.8%in IBS-D patients, and 7.0%in healthy controls.Among 109 IBS-D patients with positive IIF reactivity , 23.6%present with strong positive , 43.3% with positive and 18.9%with weakly positive stain .The IR patterns included cytoplasm staining , nucleus staining , cytoplasms and nuclei staining , nuclear membrane staining , cytoplasm and nuclear membrane staining .Six positive sera of healthy control showed cytoplasm staining to substrate neurons .2 ) More patients of IBS-D with positive IR had higher intestinal symptoms scores (>10 scores, 58.8%vs 38.1%), frequent abdominal pain in non-defecation period (91.7%vs 60.0%) , and severe abdominal pain/discomfort before defecation ( 24.7% vs 9.5%) comparing to those with negative and weekly positive IR of AENA;IBS-D patients with positive IR of AENA are more commonly associated with urgency comparing to those with negative IR in IIF (57.1%vs 87.3 ) .Conclusions AENA may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBS , and is a potential biomarker of IBS-D.

Objective:This study aimed to clarify the correlation of SPRY4-IT1 expression with the clinicopathological character-istics and prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as well as the role of SPRY4-IT1 in promoting ES-CC cell growth. Methods:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for SPRY4-IT1 expression was performed on 50 paired can-cerous and adjacent non-cancerous esophageal specimens. Small interfering RNA was used to suppress SPRY4-IT1 expression to fur-ther explore its role in tumor progression. Cell viability was tested in vitro by MTT assay (OD=490 nm), and cell apoptosis and cell cy-cle were investigated by flow cytometry. Results:We found markedly elevated SPRY4-IT1 expression in cancerous tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues (90%, P<0.01). Relative SPRY4-IT1 expression levels were correlated with some clinicopathologi-cal characteristics, such as tumor size (χ2=5.333, P=0.021), elevated TNM (2009) stage classi fi cation (χ2=5.556, P=0.018), and de-creased overall survival rates (χ2=5.296, P=0.021). SPRY4-IT1 expression level was not correlated with patient age, gender, smoking status, or alcohol consumption (all P>0.05). Further experiments showed that SPRY4-IT1 expression levels were significantly higher in three ESCC cell lines than in the normal human esophageal epithelial cell line Het-1A. In vitro assays of the ESCC cell line KYSE30 demonstrated that knockdown of SPRY4-IT1 expression by small interfering RNA reduced cell growth, mediated cell cycle arrest at the G0-G1 phase, and promoted cell apoptosis (all P<0.01). Conclusion:SPRY4-IT1 was overexpressed in ESCC tissues and ESCC cell lines and promoted the growth of ESCC cells. The dysregulated expression of long non-coding RNA SPRY4-IT1 may play an important role in the process of ESCC development and may be developed as a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with extremely severe burns.Methods:Totally 46 patients with extremely severe burn in the dust explosion of aluminum powder in Kunshan, Jiangsu province on August 2, 2014 were included in this study. The patients were divided into the survival group and death group according to the prognosis of the patients. The patients' age, sex, burn degree, white blood cell, and lactic acid at admission, lactic acid at 48 h, creatinine, albumin, urine volume, blood calcium, acute physiology and chronic health score system II (APACHE II) and SOFA scores, and 90 d mortality were collected. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the possible relationship between the indicators of the two groups and the prognosis.Results:There were no significant differences in white blood cell at admission, creatinine, albumin, urine volume, SOFA score, and APACHE II score in the survival group compared with those in the death group (all P>0.05) and burn degree, the levels of lactic acid at admission, lactic acid at 48 h and blood calcium were significantly different (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, albumin and lactic acid at 48 h were independent predictors of death in patients with severe burn ( P<0.05), and these are independent outcome predictors of patients with severe burns ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Age, albumin level and lactic acid at 48 h are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with severe burns.

A new method for constructing the model of vascular trees was proposed in this paper. By use of this method, the arterial trees in good agreement with the actual structure could be grown. In this process, all vessels in the vascular tree were divided into two groups: the conveying vessels, and the delivering branches. And different branches could be built by different ways. Firstly, the distributing rules of conveying vessels were ascertained by use of measurement data, and then the conveying vessels were constructed in accordance to the statistical rule and optimization criterion. Lastly, delivering branches were modeled by constrained constructive optimization (CCO) on the conveying vessel-trees which had already been generated. In order to compare the CCO method and stepwise method proposed here, two 3D arterial trees of human tongue were grown with their vascular tree having a special structure. Based on the corrosion casts of real arterial tree of human tongue, the data about the two trees constructed by different methods were compared and analyzed, including the averaged segment diameters at respective levels, the distribution and the diameters of the branches of first level at respective directions. The results show that the vascular tree built by stepwise method is more similar to the true arterial of human tongue when compared against the tree built by CCO method.
Algorithms ; Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Vascular Resistance ; physiology

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anorectal pain in chronic constipation (CO patients. Methods With multi-centered stratified questionnaires investigation,the face to face questionnaires investigation was carried out on the symptoms of constipation and intensity,frequency and duration of anorectal pain in CC patients. CC and anorectal pain was diagnosed according to Rome Ⅲ criteria. Results Total 921 CC patients were investigated,and 909 questionnaires were valid. Of those,there were 258 male cases and 651 female cases,the mean age was(48. 9±18. 7)years. About 15. 1%(137/909)CC patients reported anorectal pain in last six months;of those 26 cases(2. 9%)with chronic proctalgia(CP),111 cases(12. 2%)with proctalgia fugax(PF). The percentage of pain occurred frequently or regularly in CP and PF patients was 88. 5%(23/26)and 73. 9%(82/111)respectively. The pain of PF patients was milder than that of CP patients. The detection rate of CP was higher in tertiary hospitals than in primary cares(3. 6% vs 0. 6%,P= 0. 04). There was no significant difference of PF detection rate between different hospitals(P= 0. 09). The occurrence of pain was associated with anorectal symptoms,sleeping and psychosocial condition. Conclusions CC patients are frequently with anorectal pain and more common in female,which should cause extensive concern by physicians.If necessary,the prevalence of anorectal pain in general population as well as the mechanism of the symptom need further investigation.