Objective To observe the effect of foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad in prevention of pressure ulcer for surgical patients.Methods 140 patients in neurosurgery department were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 70 patients in each group.The control group received foam-rubber cushion for conventional nursing,the experimental group used foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad to prevent pressure ulcer.Instantly after the operation and 30 min later,the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded respectively,the maximum diameter of erythema was measured and the process was put into phases.24 hours after the operation,patients of the above two groups were visited and the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded.The skin pressure ulcer and the maximum diameter of erythema were compared between the two groups.Results Cases with phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ pressure ulcer in the experimental group were less than those of the control group at three time points,which were instantly after the operation,30 min and 24 hours later.The diameter of erythema at three time points was also less than the control group.Conclusions Foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad could effectively prevent or alleviate pressure ulcer after operation and therefore is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the effectiveness and safety of drug-eluting stents (DES) on prevention of restenosis in old female patients (≥65 years) with multi-vessel coronary artery disease. Methods 387 old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were divided into the DES group (n=139) and the metallic stent (BMS) group (n=248). Acute and long-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The ratio of patients with diabetic disease was higher in DES group than that in BMS group (P0.05). The rates of restenosis shown by angiography and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were significantly lower in the DES group compared with BMS group (4.2% vs 15.8%, 7.5% vs 17.3%, P

Objective To evaluate long-term clinical effectiveness in old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (≥65 years) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods 601 female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease underwent PCI were divided into the elder group (≥65 years, n=354) and the younger group (0.05). Conclusion PCI can be performed in old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease with high success rate and few complications. Long-term clinical outcomes of PCI in old females with multi-vessel disease are similar to younger females.

OBJECTIVE To study infection and drug resistance of mycoplasma from semen of infertility men. METHODS Mycoplasma from semen of infertility men was identified by cultivation,and the sensitivities to drugs were also performed. RESULTS In 267 cases the positive rate of mycoplasma was 46.07%.Simple infection of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) accounted for 41.57%(11),and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) 1.50%(4),and the mixed 3.00%(8).The result of drug sensitive test showed that sensitivities of mycoplasma to minocycline,doxycycline and josamycin were the highest,and then were roxithromycin and azithromycin.The drug resistance of mycoplasma to ofloxacin and clindamycin was the highest. CONCLUSIONS The infectious rate of mycoplasma from semen of infertility men is on big rise.It is important to culture and test the drug sensitivities of mycoplasma to use drugs rationally.

OBJECTIVE To study infection status and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) in the female genital tract.METHODS The retrospective analysis of identification and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of mycoplasma in 2263 female cervical secretions from Jan 2007 to Jun 2008 were conducted.RESULTS In 2263 cases,the positive rate of mycoplasma was 66.46%.The infection only by Uu accounted for 45.03%,by Mh for 1.46%,and the mixed infection for 19.97%.The results of drug sensibility test showed that drug resistances of mycoplasma were diffirent among three types of mycoplasma infections.CONCLUSIONS The infectious rate of mycoplasma from female cervical secretions is on big rise.It is important to culture and test the drug sensitivities of mycoplasma for choosing drugs rationally and control the resistant strains.

OBJECTIVE To investigate conditions and features of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae clincal isolates.METHODS Totally 203 strains of S.pneumoniae were isolated from Jan 2005 to Dec 2006 in Yuying Pediatric Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College.Then the antimicrobial susceptibility test to ten drugs and the MICs of penicillin were detected.RESULTS In 203 S.pneumoniae strains,all were sensitive to vancomycin,were sensitive to 98.0%,levofloxacin,the sensitivity of penicillin,erythromycin,tetracycline,clindamycin and SMZ was lower than 15.0%.The penicillin insensitivity of 203 strains reached 86.2%.There were 24 of the 203 strains for which penicillin MICs were ≥4 ?g/ml.CONCLUSIONS S.pneumoniae clinical strains are resistant to most of the commonly used antibiotics.The percentage of high level multidrug resistant strains is very high.Vancomycin and levofloxacin are the most sensitive drugs for S.pneumoniae clinical strains,the next are chlorophenicol.Erythromycin,SMZ,tetracycline and clindamycin aren′t useful in treating S.pneumoniae infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of noggin on BrdU labeled cells in the adult rat hippocampus. Methods The expressions of noggin and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in rat hippocampus were detected using in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). By using antisense technique combined with bromodeoxyuridine!(BrdU) labeling, the effect of noggin on hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats was explored. Results The number of noggin mRNA positive cells in the adult rat hippocampus decreased significantly after treatment with antisense noggin but no change was found in the number of BMP4 mRNA positive cells. In addition, the number of BrdU labeled cells decreased significantly in the adult rat hippocampus after treatment with antisense noggin, but the sense noggin had no such effect. Conclusion Noggin can promote proliferation of neural precursor cells in adult rat hippocampus.

Objective To observe the expression changes of noggin mRNA and BMP4 mRNA in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats at different stages. Methods The expressions of noggin mRNA and BMP4 mRNA were analyzed by the method of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).Results It was revealed that the level of noggin mRNA in the frontal cortex decreased significantly in P1W rats but high level of BMP4 mRNA was detected in P1M and P3M rats. The expressions of noggin mRNA and BMP4 mRNA in the hippocampus showed the opposite expression pattern. The peak of noggin mRNA expression in the hippocampus was found in E13 and E16 rats. The expression of noggin mRNA decreased gradually but that of BMP4 mRNA in hippocampus increased gradually during the developmental stage. The peak of the expression of BMP4 mRNA was found in P1M rats. Conclusion There are expressions of noggin mRNA and BMP4 mRNA in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in rats at different developmental stages. The expression level is closely correlated with the developmental age. This indicates that noggin and BMP4 play important roles in the development of rat frontal cortex and hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the human papillomavirus 16/18 (HPV16/18) infective status and its relationship with the expression of p16,CK17,Ki-67 in immature squamous metaplasia(IM),cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinomas (CC).Methods In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the expression of HPV16/18,p16,CK17,Ki-67 on tissues from 30 IM,60 CIN and 30 CC.Results The expression rates of HPV16/18 in LSIL,HSIL and CC were 30 ％ (9/30),60 ％ (18/30) and 77 ％ (23/30),higher than that in IM [6.7 ％ (2/30)].HPV16/18 was positively expressed with the progression of cervical squamous epithelial lesions.The expression rates of CK17 in IM was 90 ％ (27/30),higher than that in LSIL,HSIL and CC [17 ％ (5/30),10 ％ (3/30),6.7 ％ (2/30)].The expression rates of p16,Ki-67 were 83 ％ (25/30) and 87 ％ (26/30) in LSIL,90 ％ (27/30) and 93 ％ (29/30) in HSIL,97 ％ (29/30) and 97 ％ (29/30) in CC,higher than that in IM [13 ％ (4/30) and 10 ％ (3/30)].The expression of p16,Ki-67 were particularly seen in HPV16/18-positive HSIL and CC,and the correlation were observed.Conclusion HPV16/18 infection is highly associated with the degree of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinomas of cervix and upregulated p16 and Ki-67,which suggested that HPV16/18 maybe cause mutation of p16 gene.With the progression of cervical squamous epithelial lesions,positive expression rates of CK17 were decreased compared with increased of HPV16/18,p16,Ki-67.Combined detection of HPV16/18,p16,Ki-67 is helpful for diagnosis and classification of cervical squamous epithelial lesions.

This paper is to report the polymorphism of raw materials of clopidogrel bisulfate at home and abroad. By the analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD), samples are roughly classified into two groups, except one patent material. And the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) examination showed more detailed information for these materials. The results of the study could provide comprehensive basis for the quality evaluation of clopidogrel bisulfate.