ObjectiveTo investigate the value of MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of optic nerve in the estimation of optic nerve changes of primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma (PCACG).Methods Twenty-five patients with PCACG including monocular involvement in 4 patients and binocular involvement in 21 patients and involving 46 eyes in which 24 right eyes and 22 1eft eyes,and 20 normal volunteers were enrolled.Conventional MRI and DTI were performed on all subjects using Magnetom Tim 3.0 T MRI.Fractional anisotropy( FA),mean diffusivity ( MD),axial diffusivities ( λ ∥ ) and radial diffusivities ( λ ⊥ )were measured and then compared between patients group and control group and between left eyes and right eyes.Two independent samples t-test and paired t-test were used.ResultsOn conventional MRI,thinner optic nerve with vaginal cavity widened slightly was found in 8 optic nerves of 6 patients.The value of FA,λ∥,λ⊥ and MD of 24 right optic nerves in patient group was(0.27 ± 0.09) × 10-3,(2.30 ±0.26) × 10 - 3,( 1.55 ± 0.35 ) × 10 - 3,and ( 1.80 ± 0.31 ) × 10 - 3 mm2/s respectively and that of 22 left optic nerves was (0.24 ± 0.09) × 10-3,(2.25 ± 0.41) × 10-3,(1.61 ± 0.46) × 10-3,and (1.82 ±0.47) × 10-3mm2/s respectively.The FA of optic nerve in patient group was lower than that of control group (P ＜0.05 ),while the meanλ∥,λ ⊥ and MD values was obviously higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between right and left optic nerves in patient gro up ( P ＞0.05).ConclusionsDTI could detect abnormality and provide information about the pathological process of optic nerve in patients with PCACG.

BACKGROUND:Many in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that hypoxic co-cultures promote stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of hypoxia on the chondrogenic differentiation of three-dimensional co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes were mixed at the ratio of 3:1, then the mixed cells were seeded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-gelatin scaffold at the ultimate concentration of 5.0×1010/L. The cells were cultured in normoxia (20%O 2 ) and hypoxic (5%O 2 ) conditions for 6 weeks. After culture, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histological structure analysis, and alcian blue staining was used to evaluate glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Type II col agen expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. The content of DNA, glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline in the scaffold-cellcomplex was measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the hypoxia group, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the formation of massive cells and extracellular matrix;alcian blue staining showed massive glycosaminoglycan formation;immunohistochemistry staining detected strongly positive expression of col agen type II, the content of DNA, glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline was higher than the normoxia group. Hypoxia promotes in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes. .

It is very important to establish and execute the all -sided experimental animal quality monitoring in order to guarantee human health , animal health and welfare as well as the authenticity , validity, and repeatability of the experimental research results.Setting corresponding sentinel animals in the experiment can effectively monitor the quality of experimental animals.This article gives a general review of the selection of sentinel rats in the microbiological quality monitoring of the experiment animals , contact form and time between the sentinel rats and the rats being monitored , the placement of sentinel rats, and the number of rat cages being monitored by each cage of sentinel rats , as well as the test quantity, test frequency and the project.

BACKGROUND:CTLA-4Ig as a tolerance-induction agent is a potential strategy in graft-versus-host disease prevention. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of CTLA4Ig-gene-modified bone marrow stromal cels mediated by adenovirus to induce T-cel tolerance of haploidentical donors. METHODS: The bone marrow stromal cels isolated culture from the bone marrow of HLA haploidentical donors were transfected by recombinant adenovirus encoding CTLA4IgcDNA (AdCTLA4Ig) at a multiplicity of infection=50 for 72 hours. The expression rate and the location of CTLA4Ig in the transfected cels were detected by fluorescence microscope after immunofluorescence staining. CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels (2×104, 4×104and 8×104) were respectively co-cultured with 105 T cels from the peripheral blood of HLA haploidentical donors and 105 peripheral blood mononuclear cels from recipients. The proliferative inhibition rate was determined by MTT assay, and the level of interleukin-2 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. The bone marrow mononuclear cels (1×105/wel) were co-cultured with CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cel layers constructed in 6-wel plates. The number of bone marrow mononuclear cels and colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages were calculated after 5-day culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression rate of CTLA4Ig at the multiplicity of infection=50 was as high as 85%, and the immunofluorescence signals of CTLA4Ig were distributed unevenly in the cytoplasm. The inhibition rates of 2×104, 4×104, and 8×104 CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels on proliferation of T cels were higher than that of untransfected cels. The levels of interluekin-2 in the corresponding cel groups were significantly lower than that in the untransfected cels (P < 0.05). At 5 days of culture, there was no significant difference in the number of bone marrow mononuclear cels and colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages between the transfected and untransfected cel groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels mediated by adenovirus can induce immune tolerance of T-lymphocyte from HLA haploidentical donors in vitro.

Objective:To investigate the MRI features of fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA).Methods:The clinical, pathological and MRI data of the FAVA patients confirmed clinically and pathologically in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 17 females and 13 males, aged 4-53 (18.5±12.8) years.Through the analysis of the MRI images of FAVA performance, including the lesion area, shape, signal, the degree of reinforcement, inner structure, outer structure and other image characteristics, summarize the MRI features.Results:The lesions located at the lower leg (12 cases), thigh (12 cases), upper arm (4 cases), forearm (1 case) and trunk (1 case). Twenty-four case of lower limbs. All cases involved the muscular layer, including 21 cases of superficial muscle layer, 7 cases of deep muscle layer, and 2 cases of both. Twenty-three cases of superficial muscle layer. Most of the affected muscles were quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius. Morphology: all lesions were intramuscular solid masses growing parallel to the long axis of the muscle. There were 11 cases of focal type, 11 cases of locally infiltrating type, and 8 cases of diffuse type. MRI findings: all lesions showed mixed signal. On T1WI, 28 cases showed cloud-like, band-like and patchy high signal on the background of medium and high signal. On T2WI-FS, all the 30 cases showed low to medium signal areas on the background of high signal, which were dendrimer, ribbon and cloud-like. The lesions showed moderate to obvious heterogeneous progressive enhancement. Twenty-seven lesions had different shapes of vascular shadow, and 28 lesions had drainage vein shadow adjacent to the lesions, 24 of which were located at the proximal end of the lesions. Fascial tail sign was found at the periphery of the lesions in 26 cases, of which 23 cases were located at the upper and lower ends of the lesions.Conclusion:FAVA is a complex vascular malformation with unclear pathological classification. MRI usually shows a solid mass in the superficial muscle layer of the lower limbs parallel to the long axis of the muscle, with cloud-like, band-like, and patchy hyperintensity on the background of high signal on T1WI, and dendritic, band-like, and cloud-like hypointensity on the background of high signal on T2WI-FS, which is helpful for the diagnosis of FAVA. Combined with the data of fascial tail sign, draining vein and clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of FAVA can be confirmed to a certain extent, which can provide reference and basis for clinical decision making.

Objective:To investigate the MRI features of fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA).Methods:The clinical, pathological and MRI data of the FAVA patients confirmed clinically and pathologically in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 17 females and 13 males, aged 4-53 (18.5±12.8) years.Through the analysis of the MRI images of FAVA performance, including the lesion area, shape, signal, the degree of reinforcement, inner structure, outer structure and other image characteristics, summarize the MRI features.Results:The lesions located at the lower leg (12 cases), thigh (12 cases), upper arm (4 cases), forearm (1 case) and trunk (1 case). Twenty-four case of lower limbs. All cases involved the muscular layer, including 21 cases of superficial muscle layer, 7 cases of deep muscle layer, and 2 cases of both. Twenty-three cases of superficial muscle layer. Most of the affected muscles were quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius. Morphology: all lesions were intramuscular solid masses growing parallel to the long axis of the muscle. There were 11 cases of focal type, 11 cases of locally infiltrating type, and 8 cases of diffuse type. MRI findings: all lesions showed mixed signal. On T1WI, 28 cases showed cloud-like, band-like and patchy high signal on the background of medium and high signal. On T2WI-FS, all the 30 cases showed low to medium signal areas on the background of high signal, which were dendrimer, ribbon and cloud-like. The lesions showed moderate to obvious heterogeneous progressive enhancement. Twenty-seven lesions had different shapes of vascular shadow, and 28 lesions had drainage vein shadow adjacent to the lesions, 24 of which were located at the proximal end of the lesions. Fascial tail sign was found at the periphery of the lesions in 26 cases, of which 23 cases were located at the upper and lower ends of the lesions.Conclusion:FAVA is a complex vascular malformation with unclear pathological classification. MRI usually shows a solid mass in the superficial muscle layer of the lower limbs parallel to the long axis of the muscle, with cloud-like, band-like, and patchy hyperintensity on the background of high signal on T1WI, and dendritic, band-like, and cloud-like hypointensity on the background of high signal on T2WI-FS, which is helpful for the diagnosis of FAVA. Combined with the data of fascial tail sign, draining vein and clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of FAVA can be confirmed to a certain extent, which can provide reference and basis for clinical decision making.

Objective To establish a human α-synuclein nuclear localization signal transgenic mouse model and investigate the effects of α-synuclein nuclear localization on the behavior of mice.Methods Human α-synuclein nuclear localization signal and EGFP lentiviral vectors were constructed.Transgenic mice were created with the microinjection method.Using PCR and Western Blot method to identify the genotypes and protein expression of the transgenic founder mice and their offsprings.The immunofluorescence was used to examine the localization of human α-synuclein in the mouse brain tissue.The behavioral changes of the transgenic mice were evaluated by the open field test,rotarod test,and O maze test.Results The h SNCA-NLS gene was successfully inserted into the mouse genome,the human α-syn was successfully expressed,and the human α-syn has localized with the nuclear.Further studies found that human α-synuclein nuclear localization signal transgenic mice had significant motor dysfunction,astrocyte proliferation and inflammatory response at 2 months of age and exhibited significant anxiety-like symptoms and reduced expression of the γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)gene at 9 months of age,which persisted until 12 months of age.Conclusions A human α-synuclein nuclear localization signal transgenic mouse model has been successfully established.The mice exhibit significant motor dysfunction and anxiety-like symptoms.The successful establishment of this model provides a foundation for studying the role of α-syn nuclear localization in Parkinson's disease.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and MRI in fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA).Methods:The clinical data of patients with suspected FAVA who underwent ultrasound and MRI examinations at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2011 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The imaging findings from ultrasound and MRI were analyzed, and then compared with the pathological findings. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and MRI in diagnosing FAVA by assessing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate. Paired χ2 test (McNemar test) was used to compare the coincidence rate of ultrasound and MRI, as well as their combined diagnosis. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 50 patients were included in the study, comprising 24 males and 26 females, with their ages ranging from 1 to 50 years and an average age of (16.2 ± 10.5) years. Pathology confirmed 43 FAVA patients and 7 non-FAVA patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of ultrasound in the diagnosis of FAVA were 83.7%, 71.4%, 94.7%, 41.7%, and 82.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of MRI in the diagnosis of FAVA were 69.8%, 85.7%, 96.8%, 31.6%, and 72.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of FAVA were 90.7%, 71.4%, 95.1%, 55.6%, and 88.0%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was higher than that of MRI, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 1.41, P = 0.235). The coincidence rate of combined diagnosis was higher than that of ultrasound ( χ2= 0.71, P = 0.401) and MRI ( χ2= 4.00, P = 0.039), with a statistically significant difference. Conclusion:Both ultrasound and MRI are highly valuable in diagnosing FAVA. The combined usage of ultrasound and MRI can enhance the accuracy of preoperative FAVA diagnosis.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and MRI in fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA).Methods:The clinical data of patients with suspected FAVA who underwent ultrasound and MRI examinations at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2011 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The imaging findings from ultrasound and MRI were analyzed, and then compared with the pathological findings. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and MRI in diagnosing FAVA by assessing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate. Paired χ2 test (McNemar test) was used to compare the coincidence rate of ultrasound and MRI, as well as their combined diagnosis. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 50 patients were included in the study, comprising 24 males and 26 females, with their ages ranging from 1 to 50 years and an average age of (16.2 ± 10.5) years. Pathology confirmed 43 FAVA patients and 7 non-FAVA patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of ultrasound in the diagnosis of FAVA were 83.7%, 71.4%, 94.7%, 41.7%, and 82.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of MRI in the diagnosis of FAVA were 69.8%, 85.7%, 96.8%, 31.6%, and 72.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and coincidence rate of FAVA were 90.7%, 71.4%, 95.1%, 55.6%, and 88.0%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was higher than that of MRI, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 1.41, P = 0.235). The coincidence rate of combined diagnosis was higher than that of ultrasound ( χ2= 0.71, P = 0.401) and MRI ( χ2= 4.00, P = 0.039), with a statistically significant difference. Conclusion:Both ultrasound and MRI are highly valuable in diagnosing FAVA. The combined usage of ultrasound and MRI can enhance the accuracy of preoperative FAVA diagnosis.

In order to improve the operation difficulties in the narrow space of the nasal maxillary sinus, the nasal continuum minimally invasive surgical robot system is designed. The ball-and-socket joints and NiTiNol tubes are used as the main body of the continuum structure to improve the degree of freedom. The hardware systems and software systems are designed. The security control policies are planned. Finally, the robot confirmed prototype experiments are conducted and the feasibility of continuum robot confirmed through master-slave control experiment and animal experiment.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Robotics ; Software