Receptor-mediated gene transfer has many advantages such as cell and tissue targeting, high efficiency, high safety, low immunogenicity and easy-to-produce. This article briefly reviews the recent developments on receptor-mediated gene transfer technology, including its main types, effect factors and tactics to augment gene transfer efficiency.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the endocrine diseases,with a rising morbidity.As more investigations were made,thyroid stimulating hormone receptor is showed up,and it is believed some contacts are existed between thyroid stimulating hormone receptor and thyroid carcinoma.We believe that making sure of these contacts can help patients in diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.

Objective:To assess the risk of coal pneumoconiosis and measure the gross premium rate of coal pneumoconiosis liability insurance. Methods: Based on the data related to pneumoconiosis risk from published materials in different provinces, it used pure premium method to measure the gross premium rate and made province-specific rate tables of this liability insurance according to risk classification. Results: Rate tables of Chongqing, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and Anhui were made according to type of work and form of coal’s ownership. Conclusion: The risks of coal pneumoconiosis among different provinces are very different. It’s necessary to make province-specific rate tables when developing business of coal pneumoconiosis liability insurance for different provinces.

Objective:To explore the effect of Citalopram on clinical symptoms of chronic schizophrenia and life quality of female patients.Methods:52 female patients with chronic schizophrenia were divided into the research group(n=30)and the control group(n=22).Originally used drugs were retained for both groups , Citalopram was added in research group, and placebo was added in control, both for 12 weeks.PANSS, GQOLI-74, CGI-SI were used to evaluate the effects. Results:At the end of treatment, the total scores of PANSS, factor scores of negative symptoms, general psychopathology, lack of reaction, and depression significantly decreased in the research group (data P

Objective To investigate how many probably benign lesions on ultrasound(US) fulfilled the published criteria and to evaluate how clinical and personal factors influenced the categorization of breast lesions.Methods A total of 487 lesions in 487 women with more than 12 months follow-up after the initial category 3 assessment on US were included.The initial US images were retrospectively reviewed according to previously published criteria,and evaluated several factors that could influence the characterization of breast lesions in clinical practice such as age,multiplicity,palpability,radiologist 's experience,and lesion size.Results Of 487 lesions,479 (98.36%) were benign and 8 (1.64%) were malignant.Of 487 lesions,203(41.68%) including 8 malignancies were reassessed as category 4.If strict criteria had been applied at initial US examination,the positive biopsy rate would have been only 3.94% (8/203) and 96.06% (195 of 203) biopsies would have been unnecessary.Lesions in women 40 years or older and multiple lesions were more frequently reassessed as category 4 (P = 0.008 and P = 0.006,respectively).The presence of palpability,lesion size,and the radiologist 's experience did not significantly influence the categorization of breast lesions on US.Of 487 probably benign lesions,41.68 % could be classified as category 4 lesions when strict criteria were applied in initial practice.Conclusions The multiplicity of the lesion and the patient 's age were found to have a significant influence on the classifcation of probably benign solid masses.

Objective To assess the feasibility of nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22)and urinary bladder cancer,antigen (UBC) for the early diagnosis of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and its influencing factors.Methotis 105 subjects,including 60 patients of bladder cancer,25 patients of urological benign disease and 20 normal (healthy)individuals were enrolled in this study.Urine NMP22 and UBC wag assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Urine NMP22 and UBC as well as exfoliocytology were conducted for the purpose to compare the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of these three ways.Results The sensitivity of NMP22(88.3%)and UBC(86.7%)were significantly better than exfolioeytology(40.0%,P<0.01).The specificity of NMP22,UBC and exfoliocytology were 80.0%,84.0%and 92.0%,respectively, the positive predictive values were 91.4%,92.9%and 92.3%,and the negative predictive values were 74.1%.72.4%and 38.9%.Conclusions NMP22 and UBC are sensitive,specific,simple,feasible and noninvasive diagnostic markers for the early detection of urinary bladder transitional cell cancer.

Objective To explore the significance of mediastinum drainage tube in prevention and treatment of intrathoracic anastomotic leak after esophagectomy. Methods The morbidity and prognosis of intrathoracic anas-tomotic leak after esophagectomy in 180 patients with esophageal or cardia carcinoma (group A) who used mediasti-num drainage tube in operation from 2006 to 2008 was studied retrospectively,and were compare with 154 patients (group B) without mediastinum drainage tube from 2004 to 2006. Results The morbidity of intrathoracic anasto-motic leak after esophagectomy was 1.67% (3/180) in group A,and 4.55% (7/154) in group B,but no difference between them(χ2=1.4807, P>0.05) were found. Compared to group B, the final diagnosis of anastomotic leak in group A was early [(6.7±0.6) vs (10.0±2.1) days after operation (t=2.62, P<0.05)] and the duration of fe-ver was short [(5.3±1.5)vs (43.0±20.9) hours (t=4.39, P<0.01)]. The prognosis of 3 cases in group A was well, who all recovered without operation and had shorten hospital days than group B [(23.7±5.9)d vs (45.3± 5.0)d,t=4.86,P<0.01)]. In 7 cases of group B,there were 5 cases underwent second operation,but only 3 cases recovered, the case fatality rate was 2.60% (4/154), higher than in group A (0, Fisher, P<0.05). Conclusions Although the mediastinum drainage tube used or not used in esophagectomy is unrelated with the occurrence of anas-tomotic leak, and the significance to use it is that it can help to discover anastomotic leak early, and control mediasti-num infection effectively without reoperation,and improve patients' prognosis.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of secondary thyroid neoplasms. Methods To retrospectively analyse clinical manifestations,examinations and treatment of 83 cases of secondary thyroid cancer, which were retrieved from CNKI (1994-2008). Results In all cases, 39 were male, 39 were female and 5 were unknow, aged from 16 to 78 years old, median age was 52. The primary cancers included 31 esophageal carcinomas, 12 lung cancers, 8 laryngopharynx cancers, 7 clear cell renal carcinomas, 6 rectal carcinomas, 6 melanomas, 3 breast cancers, 3 rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 gatric cancers, 1 liver cancer, 1 cervical cancer, 1 nonchromaffin paraganglioma,1 ovary cancer, 1 lip squamous cell carcinomac. 64 patients had undergone chemotherapy or surgery or radiotherapy. The intervals between finding of primary carcinoma and secondary thyroid carcinoma ranged from 1 month to 26 years with a median time of 2.5 years. Patients died of widespread metastases from 1 month to 12 years following the diagnosis of secondary carcinoma in thyroid, with a median time of 32 months. Conclusions Metastasis in the thyroid gland is uncommon and may cause a diagnostic problem. Metastatic cancer to the thyroid should be considered when a patient with histoy of malignant tumor has a recent found thyroid lesions. With the combination of Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the survival of patients can be significantly prolonged.

The centres of functional experiment in whole medical colleges accept many new teachers every year,and it is a problem how to improve the new teachers' teaching quality as soon as possible.We have gradually summarized an effective model of training the new teachers in functional science experiment based on the long-term effort.

Objective To summarise the experience of surgical treatment of invasive pulmonary fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies.Methods From Jan.2000 to Dec.2012,78 hematologic patients with invasive pulmonary fungal infections,including 49 males and 29 females with average age of 29.6 years,underwent surgical treatment.Preoperatively,all patients with 1 to 3 courses of chemotherapy had received average 4 weeks antifungal treatment.There were 58 cases received conventional open thoracic surgery and 20 cases received VATS including lobectomy,segmentectomy,wedgectomy.Results The procedures were successful,the average operation time w as(125.3 ± 35.7) min and intraoperative blood loss was(253.1 ± 42.8) nl.There were no severe postoperative complications.The main complications were excessive effusion (10.2％) and persistence airleak (7.7％).The hospital days was(7.8 ± 2.5) days,no reoperation and death case in 30 days after operation.The follow-up was from 6 to 24 months,38 cases(48.7％) received prophylaetic antifungal treatment,no ease with fungi spread and recurrence.Conclusion The surgical treatment is safe and useful for the hematologic patients with invasive pulmonary fungal infections,when internal medicine conservative treatment is invalid.