By using undecalcified bone sections, accompanied by tetracycline double labeling and analysis of infrared spectrogram, the bone formation, mineralization and crystal feature of induced ectopic bone and self femora in rats were compared. The results showed that from the 21th day to the 26th day as well as from the 26th day to the 30th day of the experiment, the rate of induced bone formation, mineralization was more active than that of the self femora: on the 30th day, in the induced bone, the count of bone cell was much more, the volume of bone cell was much larger too; but the crystal structure of induced bone was indentical with that of self femora. The molecular formula was Ca_5[(OH)/(PO_4CO_3OH)_3].

OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effect of different Chailing decoction granules on chronic renal failure(CRF) in rats.METHODS:SD rats in trial groups and model group were given adenine to induce CRF model.The trial groups were treated with Japanese Tsumura granules,imitating Japanese method granules or Chinese normal method granule.The model group and the control group were treated with saline.The urine,blood biochemical parameters as well as morphological change of kidney were monitored.RESULTS:Compared with model group,Japanese Tsumura granules and imitating Japanese method granules significantly reduced the levels of blood ureanitrogen,serum total protein,serum cholesterol and urinary protein,and the damage on renal interstitium was lessened significantly(P

Objective:To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)on the acute lung injury (ALI)and expressions of aquaporin 1 (AQP1)and aquaporin 5 (AQP5)in lung tissue of the rats. Methods:Forty-eight SPF grade male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and LPS group (n=24).The rats in LPS group were intravenously injected with LPS to induce ALI models,and the rats in control group were injected with saline. The rats were sacrificed at 2,6,12 and 24 h,and the samples were collected after the successful modeling.The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed with HE staining;the lung wet/dry weight (W/D)ratio and lung permeability index were detected;ELISA was used to detect the levels of TNF-αand MIP-1α.The expression levels of AQP1 and AQP5 protein and mRNA were measured by Western blotting,immunohistochemistry and Real-Time PCR methods. Results:Compared with control group, the TNF-α and MIP-1α levels in LPS group were significantly elevated at 2,6 and 12 h (P<0.05),and at 24 h they were gradually reduced to the normal level. The HE staining results showed the alveolar and interstitial edema at 2 h after LPS injection,obviously in 12 h. The lung W/D ratios and pulmonary permeability indexes at different time points in LPS group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05),and they reached the peak at 12 h.The expression levels of AQP1 and AQP5 mRNA and protein in lung tissue of the rats at different time points in LPS group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01 ). Conclusion:LPS can induce ALI in the rats and down-regulate the expressions of AQP1 and AQP5;LPS is involved in the formation of pulmonary edema.

Objective To investigate the value of CD5 molecule-like protein(CD5L) and partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood(PaCO2) in predicting the survival of patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation.Methods From Jan.2013 to Jan.2016,a total of 38 patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation were enrolled.Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ(APACHE II)were used to assess the severity.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum levels of CD5L at admission and 6 h after treatment.PaCO2 were also detected.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between APACHEⅡ score and CD5L and PaCO2 levels.Receiver operation characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of CD5L and PaCO2 in predicting the survival of patients.Results APACHEⅡscores of survival patients were significantly higher than dead patients(P<0.05).CD5L level of survival patients after treatment was significantly lower than dead patients,while PaCO2 level was significantly higher(P<0.05).APACHEⅡ score was negatively correlated with serum CD5L level(r=-0.347,P<0.05),while positively correlated with PaCO2 level(r=0.573,P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that serum CD5L and PaCO2 were with predictive value for prediction the survival of patients,with sensitivity of 93.33%,specificity of 75.00%,accuracy of 89.47%,positive predictive value of 93.33%,and negative predictive value of 75.00% for CD5L,and those for PaCO2 were 90.00%,87.50%,89.47%,97.42% and 70.00%.Conclusion With the decreasing of CD5L level and increasing of PaCO2 level,severity of disease in patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation could be more serious condition,indicating poor prognosis.CD5L and PaCO2 could be with fine predictive value of survival of patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation.

Objective To explore the possibility of three-dimensional (3D) kidney replications for clinical and teaching of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Methods The CT urography (CTU) DICOM format data from 5 patients with kidney calculi were selected from March 1st to June 1st,2015.Thresholding technique,region growing technique,edit mask technique and multiple slice edit technique were used in sequence by Mimics software.And five 3D replications were printed by Object 500 3D printer.The sizes of the replications were measured and the replications were punctured.Results The 3D replications of the kidneys were successfully designed and printed.The average difference of the long axes between 3D replications and patients' kidneys was 0.283cm,the average difference of the diameters was 0.212cm,and the average difference of the diameter of the stones was 0.244cm.The sizes of the 3D replications were basically consistent with those of patients' kidneys.The simulative puncturing was successful.Conclusions After comparing the 3D replications with their original 2D CT images,the anatomical details are found basically the same.The 3D replications could provide 3D visual observations of organ anatomy for surgeons.

To study the effect of genistein on the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts(CF), CFs were cultured from neonatal rat hearts, DNA synthesis of the cells was determined by incorporation of ［3H］TdR into DNA, the cell cycle was measured by flow cytometric analysis. Genistein(0.5－50 μmol*L-1) attenuated 2.5% fetal calf serum-induced proliferation of CF in concentration-dependent manner. Genistein(50 μmol*L-1) arrested CF cell progression at G2/M phase. The results suggest that genistein be a potential substance for treatment of cardiac fibrosis.

Objective To assess the applicative value of near infrared fluorescence compound PZ -1009 in tumor imaging .Methods Near infrared fluorescence imaging properties of the compound was evaluated in a mouse model of ovarian cancer .The athymic nude mice were inoculated with SKOV -3 ovarian cancer cells and imaged in vivo and ex vivo after injecting PZ -1009 and were performed periodically .Results The tumor loca-tion was clearly imaged after 1 h of injection.The maximum fluorescence intensity was at 6 h time point and there was still a few fluorescent signal in tumors after 48hrs.A professional software was used to measure the intensity including all tumors and normal regions .The results showed that the intensity of tumors was higher than all normal regions in any time points .Conclusion The compound of PZ -1009 can efficiently target tumor sites and has great potential in noninvasive real time early tumor diagnosis .

OBJECTIVETo study the expression level of folate receptor α (FR-α) in glioma tissue and its clinical significance.

METHODSForty-eight human glioma specimens were collected from patients who underwent surgery from March 2012 to March 2013. These specimens were as follows:12 cases of glioblastoma (WHO IV), 6 cases of astrocytoma of each malignancy grade(WHO II, III), 6 cases of oligodendroastrocytoma of each malignancy grade (WHO II, III), 6 cases of oligodendroglioma of each malignancy grade (WHO II, III ). In addition, 6 cases of normal brain tissue resected from brain traumatic patients were taken as negative control, and one case of placental tissue (had got the consent of the parents and their families) was taken as positive control. The expression level of FR-α in tumor tissues was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results of Western blot analysis were analyzed by t-test. The expression level of FR-α and Ki-67 in tumor tissues was evaluated immunohistochemistry, the results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Nemenyi test. The correlation between the expression level of FR-α and cell proliferation index Ki-67 was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.

RESULTSWestern blot analysis showed that the FR-α was not expressed in normal brain tissue and oligodendroglioma tissue, but highly expressed in astrocytoma, oligodendroastrocytoma and gliomablastoma. The expression level in WHO III astrocytoma was significantly higher than in WHO II (t = 4.497, P < 0.05). FR-α was also highly expressed in oligodendroastrocytoma and its expression level in WHO III was also significantly higher than in the WHO II (t = 2.876, P < 0.05). Foremore, immunohistochemistry analysis also showed that FR-α was not expressed in oligodendroglioma, but expressed in astrocytoma, oligodendroastrocytoma and gliomablastoma. The positive rate of FR-α of WHO III was significantly higher than the WHO II astrocytoma(57.8% ± 2.2% vs. 45.7% ± 2.3%,χ(2) = 3.871, P = 0.034). In oligodendroastrocytoma, the positive rate of FR-α of WHO III was significantly higher than the WHO II(56.5% ± 5.4% vs. 37.1% ± 5.2%,χ(2) = 4.454, P = 0.021). Moreover, the expression level of FR-α in gliomablastoma was highest in all histological types of gliomas, the positive rate of FR-α was up to 65.0% ± 4.5%. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the positive rate of FR-α was positively correlated with Ki-67 index (r = 0.903, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFR-α is expressed in astrocytoma, oligodendroastrocytoma and glioblastoma, and the expression level of FR-α is positively correlated with malignancy grade and Ki-67 index. Therefore, FR-α may be applied as a special target for diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Folate Receptor 1 ; metabolism ; Glioma ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the application of endoscopic tattooing with carbon nanoparticles in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC). Methods: A randomized controlled study was used. Inclusion criteria: (1) age more than 18 years old, and colorectal cancer was found for the first time and confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy; (2) advanced colorectal cancer (preoperative TNM stage of T3/N1 or above, local unresectable lesion, M1 stage and simultaneously resectable metastatic lesion), and patients agreed to receive neoadjuvant therapy; (3) advanced colorectal cancer (TNM stage of T3/N1 or above) with simultaneous unresectable metastatic lesion, and patients refused operation and consented to chemoradiotherapy. Patients with previous abdominal surgery history, radiotherapy and chemotherapy history, urgent need for surgery or endoscopic stent placement and those with severe allergic constitution were excluded. Based on the above criteria, 120 patients diagnosed with ACRC in No.900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team from January 2016 to December 2017 were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into tattoo group and non-tattoo group by random number table method. Tattoo group were tattooed within 1-7 days before chemoradiotherapy. The labeling location of the lesions: (1) if the colonoscopy could pass smoothly, 4 points were injected into the intestinal wall of the both opposite sides 1 cm cephalad and caudad of the tumor; (2) if the colorectal cavity was severely narrow and the colonoscopy could not pass, only 4 points were injected in 4 quadrants at 1 cm caudad of the tumor. Each injection point was injected with 0.1 ml carbon nanoparticles, and the size of the tumor was measured according to the range of carbon nanoparticles staining. The efficacy was evaluated after 8 weeks of chemoradiotherapy. Patients who were defined to be suitable for operation underwent operation 6 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. The following parameters were compared between two groups: lesion identification time, operation time, blood loss, distance from lesion to distal margin, the rate of first positive margin and the rate of anal sphincter preservation (rectal cancer). Among patients who had been evaluated as having no indication for surgery, those who were effective in chemoradiotherapy continued to receive chemotherapy in the original regimen; if the treatment failed, the chemotherapy regimen was replaced, and the efficacy was finally evaluated after six months [referring to the revised RECIST guidelines (version 1.1)]. Results: Three patients withdrew from this study, and 117 patients were enrolled in this study finally, including 59 cases in tattoo group and 58 cases in the non-tattoo group. There were no significant differences in baseline data between two groups (all P>0.05). All the patients had slight adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy before operation, and could tolerate after symptomatic management without interruption of treatment. All the patients in the tattoo group had no discomfort such as fever, abdominal pain, abdominal distention, hematochezia, etc. and the intestinal mucosa could be seen clearly with black staining after being tattooed. A total of 77 patients were evaluated with surgical indications, including 39 cases in the tattoo group (tattoo-operable) and 38 cases in the non-tattoo group (non-tattoo-operatable). There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). Forty patients without operation indications continued chemoradiotherapy, including 20 cases in tattoo group (tattoo-inoperable) and 20 cases in non-tattoo group (non-tattoo-inoperable), whose differences in baseline data between the two groups were not significant as well (all P>0.05). No obvious edema, necrosis or abscess were found in the tattooed segments and the black spots could be seen quickly and clearly on the serosa of rectum in tattoo-operable patients. As compared to non-tattoo group, tattoo group had significantly shorter lesion identification time [(3.4±1.4) minutes vs. (11.8±3.4) minutes, t=-14.07,P<0.001], shorter operation time [(155.7±44.5) minutes vs. (177.2±30.2) minutes, t=-2.48,P=0.015], less blood loss [(101.3±36.7) ml vs.(120.2±38.2) ml, t=-2.22,P=0.029], shorter distance from lesion to distal margin [(3.7±1.0) cm vs. (4.6±1.7) cm, t=-2.20, P=0.034], while tattoo group had slightly higher rate of anal sphincter preservation [66.7%(16/24) vs. 45.5%(10/22), χ²=2.10,P=0.234] and lower rate of first positive resection margin [0 vs. 4.5%(1/22), χ²=0.62,P=0.480], but their differences were not significant. There were no significant differences in the degree of tumor differentiation and TNM stage between two groups. Patients without operative indication were evaluated for efficacy of chemoradiotherapy again after half a year. One case of complete response (CR), 8 of partial response (PR), 10 of stable disease (SD) and 1 of progressive disease (PD) were found and the improvement rate was 45.0% (9/20) in tattoo-inoperable patients. No case of CR, 6 of PR, 11 of SD and 3 of PD were found and the improvement rate was 30.0% (6/20) in non-tattoo-inoperable patients. There was no significant difference in the improvement rate between the two groups (P=0.514). Conclusions Endoscopic tattooing with carbon nanoparticles injection is safe and reliable for colorectal tumor positioning. It can assist rapid detection of lesions during surgery after neoadjuvant treatment, perform accurate resection, significantly shorten the operation time and reduce surgical trauma; can assist colonoscopy accurately to measure the size of the lesions before and after chemoradiotherapy, and increase the means of assessing the efficacy to guide the follow-up treatment plan. This technique is worth clinical promotion and application.

Oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors threaten the life and health of patients, and seriously affect their swallowing, language function and face. 125I seeds brachytherapy for oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors has been widely concerned and studied because of its advantages such as less surgical trauma, large and uniform dose distribution in the target tissue, little damage to the surrounding normal tissue, and reducing radiation exposure of medical staff. Low-dose brachytherapy with 125I seeds can effectively reduce the tumor volume and prolong the survival time of patients. This article reviews the clinical application of 125I seeds brachytherapy in oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors.