Objective To evaluate the lithotripsy efficiency of a newly calculi anchoring forceps in vitro.Methods Compared the efficiency with or without calculi anchoring forceps in the circumstances imitate percutaneous nephrolithotomy.There are 24 calculus for each group in random selection.The lithotripsy was completed by one people.the time,energy and retained calculus were compared by T-test.Results When the energy expenditure reaches 2 kJ,the operating time was (4.7 ± 0.9) min in group 1 and (4.2 ± 0.9) min in group 2 (P ＞ 0.05).The removal calculus showed no differences between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After the energy used over 2 k J,the operating time of the remained calculus were (4.5 ± 1.2) min in group 1 and (9.2 ± 2.6) min in group 2 respectively (P ＜ 0.05),and the energy consumed (1.7 ± 0.5) kJ and (2.6 ± 0.4) kJ respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Total energy consumed in group 1 and group2 was (3.7±0.5) kJ and (4.6±0.5) kJ (P＜0.05).And the cumulate time used was (9.2±1.7) min and (13.4 ±2.7) min in group 1 and group 2 respectively (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The calculi anchoring forceps can improve the efficiency of lithotripsy in vitro.The improvement was significant for the calculus whose diameter was smaller than lcm.

Objective To explore and analyze the optimal timing of surgery and clinical efficacy of minimally invasive drilling drainage in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage .Methods 150 patients with hyperten-sive cerebral hemorrhage ,according to a random number table method ,were randomly divided into the three groups , 50 patients in each group.Patients in group A received minimally invasive drainage drilling within 6h after the onset of disease,patients in group B received minimally invasive surgery 6-24h after the onset,patients in group C were given elective minimally invasive surgery 24-72h after the onset.Another 50 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received craniotomy surgery over the same period ,were selected as the control group .The clinical effects were observed and compared in four groups .Results The total effective rate of group B was 88%,which was significantly higher than the other three groups (χ2 =4.00,6.38,12.70,all P<0.05).The early cure rate of the observation group was 40%,which was significantly higher than the control group (χ2 =8.57,P<0.05).After treatment,the number of cases whose activities of daily living degree recovered to grade I in the observation group was significantly higher than the other three groups (χ2 =4.11,5.00,8.32,all P<0.05).The excellent rate of group B was 88%(44/50),which was significantly higher than the other three groups (χ2 =6.83,5.83,15.43,all P<0.05).After treatment,the incidence rate of complications in group B was significantly lower than the other three groups ,the inci-dence rate of complications in the control group was the highest (χ2 =5.32,8.58,32.97,all P<0.05).Conclusion Minimally invasive drilling drainage in the treatment of hypertension cerebral hemorrhage can obtain significant effect , the optimal timing of surgery is 6-24h,minimally invasive treatment has advantages of less invasive ,faster recovery,fe-wer complications ,and less costs ,which is worthy of widely used in clinical practice .

Objective To find a safe and effective management for upper ureteral calculi after failure of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL).Methods Under a F20.8 endoscope(EMS Ⅲ,Switzerland),percutaneous nephrolithotripsy was performed with pneumatic and ultrasonic power on 43 patients with upper ureteral calculi after having been treated by ESWL for 1 or 2 times.Results The procedure was completed in 42 of the patients with a mean operation time of 60 min(35 to 75 min),mean time for calculi removal of 12 min(5 to 20 min),and mean blood loss of 50 ml(20 to 150 ml).One patient was converted to open surgery because of failure of percutaneous renal puncture.One patient developed haematoma after the procedure and then was cured by conservative therapy without receiving blood transfusion.One patient had fever due to infection and was cured after antibiotic therapy.42 patients were followed up for 2 to 18 months(mean,6.4 months);none of them had massive hemorrhage,infection,hydronephrosis,or recurrence of the calculi during the period.Conclusions Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with pneumatic and ultrasonic power is safe,minimally invasive,and effective for upper ureteral calculi after failure of ESWL.

Objective To detect the clinical characters and the classification of the congenital retinal vascular anomalies. Methods Nine cases (12 eyes) of congenital retinal vascular anomalies were exa- mined by ocular examination and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), in which 3 cases (4 eyes) were examined by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) simultaneously. Results The congenital retinal vascular anomalies were located at the posterior pole in 8 cases (10 eyes), and extended to peripheral retina in 1 case (2 eyes). Congenital retinal vascular anomalies were classified as follows: congenital retinal macrovessel (1 case, 1 eye); congenital retinal arteriolar tortuosity (2 cases, 3 eyes); inherited retinal venous beading (1 case, 2 eyes); and congenital prepapillary vascular loops (5 cases, 6 eyes). Four cases (5 eyes) were associated with spontaneous hemorrhage induced by physical exertion (Valsalva maneuver). Conclusion Most of the congenital retinal anomalies are located at the posterior pole, involving arteries and veins, and can be associated with spontaneous hemorrhage induced by Valsalva maneuver.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the ocular fundus of Chinese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods The photographs of ocular fundus of 42 Chinese patients (48 eyes) with PCV diagnosed by fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were analyzed. Results In 48 eyes with PCV, 35 (72.9%) had subretinal hemorrhage, 13 (27.1%) had yellow-white exudation, 7 (14.6%) had subretinal tuberculum-like focus in tangerine peel at the posterior pole, and 26 (54.2%) had hemorrhagic or serous pigment epithelium detachment (PED). Thirty-six eyes (75.0%) had polypoidal dilations with branching vascular network, and the other 12 (25.0%) had scattered polypoidal dilations without identifiable continuous branching vascular network. The location for these lesions were at the macular region in 30 eyes (62 5%), arcade region in 6 (12.5%), peripapillary region in 3 (6.3%), and combination region in 9 (18.8%). Conclusions Most of the lesions in Chinese patients with PCV locate at the macular region and temporal vascular arcade. Most eyes are characterized by branching choroidal vessels with polyplike terminal aneurysmal dilations in ICGA.

Objective To observe the changes of disease course and the prognosis of visual acuity of Chinese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods Visual acuity and fundus photochromes of 20 eyes of 15 consecutive patients with PCV were followed up with a mean of 19.1 months (range from 2 to 64 months), in which the fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) of 14 eyes of 10 patients were followed up with a mean of 21.0 (range from 3 to 53) months. Results Among the 20 eyes, the visual acuity was more than 0.3 in 5 eyes (25.0%), between 0.1 and 0.2 in 6 (30 0%) and less than 0.1 in 9 (45.0%). During the follow-up, the visual acuity was improved in 2 (10.0%), stable in 10 (50.0%) and regressed in 8 (40.0%). Only 1 eye (5.0%) developed to macula scar. The result of ICGA revealed the polypoidal lesions that were unchanged in 4 eyes(28.6%), regressed in 2 (14.3%), grew in 6 (42.7%), repeatedly grew and spontaneously regressed in 6 (42.7%). Conclusions There is a large variation in the visual prognosis in Chinese patients with PCV. The polypoidal lesions can repeatedly grow and spontaneously regress in the natural course.

or =70years of age) with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Single agent vinorelbine should be selective chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Habib 4X bipolar radiofrequency ablation assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy without blockage of renal artery for treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).MethodsBetween October 2010 and June 2011, 14 patients with exophytic RCC (T1N0M0) were treated with Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy with (LRA) or without (LPN) Habib 4X Bipolar Radiofrequency ablation assisted.The LRA group included 6 patients,and the maximum tumor diameter was 2.1 - 3.5 cm (mean,3.1 cm).The LPN group included 8 patients,and the maximum tumor diameter was 2.0 -3.7 cm (mean,3.0 cm).The operative time,average intra-operative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay and incidence of postoperative complications were recorded.Changes of hemoglobin (Hb),serum creatinine (SCr) and ipsilateral glomerular filtration rate (GFR) before and after operation were analyzed and compared. Results The 14 surgical procedures were successful without conversion to open operation.In LRA group,renal artery blocking was unnecessary,the Hb,SCr and GFR before and after operation were (127 ± 19) g/L vs.(124 ± 19) g/L、(96 ±39) μmol/L vs.(92 ±29) μmol/L and (42 ± 12) ml/min vs.(40 ± 13) ml/min,respectively,and the difference was not significant (P ＞0.05).In LPN group,the renal artery blocking time was 20-52 min (mean,32 min),the Hb,SCr and GFR before and after operations were (130±17) g/L vs.(112±15) g/L,(92 ±31) μ mol/L vs.(110±28)μmol/L and (43 ± 14) ml/min vs.(30 ± 11 ) ml/min respectively,and the difference was significant (P ＜0.05 ).The operative time was ( 86 ± 20) min and ( 112 ± 43 ) min,the estimated blood loss was (94 ± 18)ml and (256 ± 58) ml,and the postoperative hospital stay was (5.0 ± 0.8) d and (7.8 ± 1.2 ) d,respectively.The difference between the two groups was significant (P ＜ O.05).Complications such as bleeding,gross hematuria,and leakage of urine were noted in LRA group. Conclusions Habib 4X Bipolar Radiofrequency ablation assisted LPN without blockage of renal artery is a safe and effective intervention with a relatively low incidence of complications.And it is superior to LPN in operative time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative recovery.

Objective To choose a best cultivar by comparing the content of total flavonoid and naringin between different cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa'.Methods The content of total flavonoids was determined by spetral photometric analysis.The content of naringin was determined by HPLC.Results The content of total flavonoid was 19.24 % and 18.06 %,and naringin content was 11.72 % and 12.38 % in the cultivars from Dachaling and Fengwei respectively,which were much higher than the other cultivars.Conclusion The contents of total flavonoid and naringin were different in different cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa'.The cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa' from Dachaling and Fengwei have the best quality.

Objective To explore the interventional effect of two different methods in the prevention of chemotherapy phlebitis caused by 5-fluorouracil.Methods Eighty cases of patients treated with cisplatin+5-fluorouracil (PF) chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from May 2015 to July 2016 were selected and divided into the observation group and control group according to admission time,40 cases in each group.The observation group was smeared with 2% anisodamine along the direction of vein puncture after peripheral venous puncture success,while the control group was smeared with mucopolysaccharide polysulphate emulsion paste.The occurrence of phlebitis and degree of local pain after intervention were compared between the two groups.The blood biochemical indexes and inflammatory factors levels before and after intervention were compared too.Results After the intervention,the distribution of phlebitis level and local pain degree had statistical difference between the two groups (Z=2.57,2.53;P=0.01);the observation group was superior to the control group in the aspects of phlebitis lesion degree and local pain alleviation;WBC,MPV and PDW in the observation group had statistical difference between before and after intervention;WBC,PLT and PCT in the control group had statistical difference between before and after intervention (P<0.05);PLT count was positively correlated with PCT in the two groups (r=0.952,P<0.05);the CRP level and WBC count after intervention had no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion 2% anisodamine can effectively prevent and alleviate the occurrence of 5-FU caused chemotherapy phlebitis and local pain.At the same time,PLT can provide a basis for preventing chemotherapy phlebitis.