Objective To establish gas chromatography for determining the contents of borneol in aqueous humor and perfusate of rabbit cornea.Methods Naphthalene was used as the internal standard,samples were extracted by ethyl acetate and the chromatographic procedure was carried out in OV-1701 capillary column.The parameters were set as follows:Inject Temp,210 ℃;Oven Temp,30 ℃;FID Temp,250 ℃;Carrier gas:Nitrogen,3.0psi;Hydrogen,45 ml/min;Air,450 ml/min;split ratio,10:1.Results Borneol and isoborneol were well separated from other components.Borneol and isoborneol had an good linearity in the rang of 0.2～20 ?g/ml,R2 was 0.9953 for borneol and 0.9902 for isoborneol;and the intra-day and inter-day RSD were less than 9.68 %and 12.60 %respectively.Conclusion The method is simple and precise,and can be used for determining borneol in ophthalmological preparation.

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents in antioxidant activity part of Semiaquilegia adoxoides. METH-ODS:The antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides were isolated and purified by chromatography on silicagel and Sephadex LH-20 column,and compound structures were identified physicochemical properties and spectral data analysis. RESULTS:Nine com-pounds were isolated from the antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides,namely magnoflorine (1),griffonilide (2),salidroside (3),ferulic acid(4),genistein(5),2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(6),chlorogenic acid(7),caffeic acid(8)and p-coumaric acid (9). CONCLUSIONS:The study confirms the active material basis in antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides for the first time.

Diabetes is a vulgar malady of metabolism and incretion. It is important to monitor and control the blood glucose for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. In particular, it is one of the most effective means for physicians or patients to do so through self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) instruments. In this paper, SMBG instruments are discussed in detail and classified as the minimally invasive one, the non-invasive one and the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). The needle or laser applied to blood sampling, the technology of the minimally invasive one is relatively mature, and the result of measurement is exact, but this way is achy for the patients. Reverse iontophoresis and spectral analysis adopted, the non-invasive has an increasing accuracy. The CGMS can perform the periodical measurement and record of the value of blood glucose automatically for several days.

Objective To extract characteristic parameters of ECG signals a new method of non-invasive diagnosis for coronary heart disease with artificial neural network. Methods ECG signals were digitized with A/D converter and filtered to eliminating the noise. Span of QRS interval, R-R interval,and voltage of S-T segment of filtered ECG were detected. These 3 characteristics were as the input parameters of the input layer. Samples were trained with an improved 3-layers back propagation(BP) artificial neural network, as trained samples. The non-trained samples were recognized with these BP neural networks. Results After 12 samples had been trained about 1500 times, the BP neural network could accurately distinguish samples of coronary heart disease from the trained samples and also recognize 20 non-trained samples, 19 to be correct except one. Conclusion It is showed that based on BP network and characteristic parameters of ECG, a new and promising method of non-invasive diagnosis for coronary heart disease has been found.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)and their relation with clinicopathology.Methods The expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 were measured by immunohistochemistry with SABC method in 60 UC specimens and 16 normal colonic tissues.The association of expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 proteins with clinical staging,lesion extent and pathologic grading were retrospectively analyzed.Results The expression of Smad3 was significantly lower in UC patients than in normal controls(P＜0.05),however,there was no relation between Smad3 expression and lesion extent(P＞0.05).There was a negative correlation between the expression of Smad3 and histological grade(r=-0.283,P＜0.05).The expression of Smad7 was significantly higher in UC patients than in normal controls,and its expression in active disease was higher than that in clinical remission(Z=2.097,P=0.036).There was a positive correlation between the expression of Smad7 and histological grade(r_s=0.453,P=0.000),and no relation between Smad7 expression and lesion extent(r_s=0.066,P=0.614).The statistical analysis showed a negative correlation between Smad3 expression and Smad7 expression(r=-0.420,P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormal expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 are correlated with pathogenesis of UC.Furthermore.Smad7 may serve as marker for disease activity of UC.

Objective To investigate how many probably benign lesions on ultrasound(US) fulfilled the published criteria and to evaluate how clinical and personal factors influenced the categorization of breast lesions.Methods A total of 487 lesions in 487 women with more than 12 months follow-up after the initial category 3 assessment on US were included.The initial US images were retrospectively reviewed according to previously published criteria,and evaluated several factors that could influence the characterization of breast lesions in clinical practice such as age,multiplicity,palpability,radiologist 's experience,and lesion size.Results Of 487 lesions,479 (98.36%) were benign and 8 (1.64%) were malignant.Of 487 lesions,203(41.68%) including 8 malignancies were reassessed as category 4.If strict criteria had been applied at initial US examination,the positive biopsy rate would have been only 3.94% (8/203) and 96.06% (195 of 203) biopsies would have been unnecessary.Lesions in women 40 years or older and multiple lesions were more frequently reassessed as category 4 (P = 0.008 and P = 0.006,respectively).The presence of palpability,lesion size,and the radiologist 's experience did not significantly influence the categorization of breast lesions on US.Of 487 probably benign lesions,41.68 % could be classified as category 4 lesions when strict criteria were applied in initial practice.Conclusions The multiplicity of the lesion and the patient 's age were found to have a significant influence on the classifcation of probably benign solid masses.

Objective:To observe the levels of serum endothelin(ET),nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in prehypertension and hypertension patients.Methods:Three groups were recruited from 3050 subjects of regular health checkup in Tangshan Railway Hospital from June to September,2007. Prehypertension (PH) group: n=106,Essential hypertension (EH) group: n=91,and Normotensive (NT) control group: n=98.The levels of ET,TNF-α,IL-6 and NO were compared by radioimmunoassay and biochemical tests. Results: ①Compared with NT group,body mass index (BMI) and serum lipids (TC,TG,LDL-C) were significantly increased in PH and EH groups (P<0.05),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)was decreased in EH groups (1.59±0.15 vs. 1.77±0.19,P<0.05). ②Compared with NT group,ET,IL-6,TNF-α were increased in PH and EH groups (P<0.05).NO was increased in PH group (6.55±0.94 vs. 5.87±0.80,P<0.05) while decreased in EH group (5.28±0.81 vs. 5.87±0.80,P<0.05). ③Logistic analysis indicated that BMI,ET,NO,TNF-α and IL-6 were related to the hypertension. Conclusion: ET,NO,TNF-α,IL-6 were elevated in prehypertension patients and those might be used to predict the risk of hypertension.

Objective To explore the localization diagnosis method of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis by multi-di-mensional MRI scans of lumbar nerve roots. Methods Twenty-one patients with lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis were fol-lowed up from June 2006 to June 2011 postoperatively, 10 cases of male, 11 cases of female;36 to 65 years old, average 45.6 years. The medical history is six to thirty six months, an average of 9.4 years;5 cases have low back pain with unilateral leg pain and 16 cases showed unilateral leg pain only. The height of intervertebral space and foramen intervertebrale were measured on the X-rays of lumbar lateral position. Lumbar nerve roots MR imaging at the position of axial, coronal and sagittal scan were performed separately to the patients who were clinically suspected to suffer from lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis. A definitive diagno-sis of the location of nerve root compression and structural changes surrounding the nerve root can be obtained. Surgical operation was performed to confirm the accuracy of the MRI imaging diagnosis. Results There were 9 cases of lumbar intervertebral fora-men stenosis caused by lumbar disc herniation. The other 12 cases are caused by zygapophyseal joint hyperplasia. All cases of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis located at the low back. By comparing MR images of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis with surgical procedure,the surgical observation of 21 patients completely coincided with the preoperative localization diagnosis, coincidence rate was 100%(21/21). After surgical treatment, 20 cases achieved a complete remission of leg pain and 1 case was not satisfactory. Conclusion MRI imaging at the position of axial, coronal and sagittal scan for lumbar nerve roots were useful to rigorous localization diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis, and can provide accurate radiological evidence for sur-gery program.

Objective To investigate the correlation between vitamin D and systemic sclerosis(SSc).Methods The serum vita-min D2,vitamin D3 and total vitamin D levels were detected in 56 outpatients and inpatients with SSc(SSc group)and 60 individuals of healthy physical examination(control group)from January 2009 to December 2013.The detection results combined with the clini-cal data were statistically analyzed.Results 3 kinds of vitamin D levels in the SSc group were lower,than control group in which the total vitamin D and vitamin D3 levels were significantly lower than those in the control group(P <0.05).Conclusion Maintai-ning the higher concentration of serum vitamin D may have the preventive effect on progressive SSc.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in the diagnosis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by pulmonary infection in elderly patients with diabetes. Methods Patients over 65 years old with diabetic pulmonary infection admitted to Department of Cadres Ward of Bethune International Peace Hospital of PLA from July 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled. According to the patient's highest FBG level during pulmonary infection, all patients were divided in two groups. The cases whose FBG ≥8.83 mmol/L were served as suspicious multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in the elderly (MODSE) group, and those had FBG < 8.83 mmol/L were served as suspicious non-MODSE group. The incidence of MODSE in suspicious MODSE group and suspicious non-MODSE group was compared. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn, and the clinical value of highest FBG in the diagnosis of MODSE caused by pulmonary infection in elderly patients with diabetes was assessed. Results 119 elderly patients with diabetes and pulmonary infection were enrolled in the analysis. All patients were male, with age of 76-105 years with an average of (89.41±4.16) years. Among 119 patients, 55 of them with suspected MODSE, 64 of them with suspected non-MODSE. The incidence of MODSE in suspicious MODSE group was significantly higher than that in suspicious non-MODSE group (78.2% vs. 12.5%), with statistically significant difference (χ2 = 52.108, P = 0.000). The area under the ROC curve of the highest FBG for diagnosis of MODSE was 0.895, and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.839-0.951 (P < 0.001). When using FBG ≥ 8.83 mmol/L to diagnose MODSE induced by pulmonary infection in elderly patients with diabetes, the sensitivity was 84.3% and the specificity was 82.4%. Conclusion FBG ≥ 8.83 mmol/L, as an indicator reflecting the changes of metabolic function, have a diagnostic value for MODSE caused by pulmonary infection in elderly patients with diabetes.