Objective To screen the gene expression profiles of human bladder cancer cell line EJ,in which RNA interference was used to downregulate the EZH2 expression and to investigate the EZH2 molecular mechanism in cancer.Methods The vector expressing EZH2 shRNA was constructed and transfected into EJ cell line with Lipofectamine 2000.We used the gene chip to screen differential expression genes in EJ cells with transfection with EZH2 shRNA compared with untransfected EJ cells.The data were up-loaded to Passway miner serve((http://www.biorag.org/passway.htm))Results We found 436 differentiation genes,in which 257 genes upregulated and 179 genes downregulated.Bioinformation analysis showed that 115 genes locate in the known biological ways,including EGF,P53,proliferation,cell cycle,Notch and Wnt passway.EZH2 target genes such as WNT1,MYT1,CNR1,WT1 were upregulated,some of which were linked to tumor stem cell and cell differentiation.Conclusion The linkage between EZH2 expression and cell proliferation,which is induced by genes encoding cell differentiation.The research focusing on EZH2 regulating genes will explore its molecular mechanism in oncog-enesis.

Objeetive To explore the analgesic and hemostatic effect of lidocaine gelatin fiber used after endoscopic sinus surgery.Methods 86 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were randomly divided into A and B groups.In A group,20％ lidocaine gelatin fiber and expansion hemostatic sponge was packed into 43 patients' nasalcavity,while in B group,only expansion hemostatic sponge was packed.Nasal bleeding in patients while packed material within 24 hours and when extracted the material were observed.The analgesic effects were evaluated after packing material 1,6,12,and 24 hours after surgery.Results In A group,the amount of bleeding was (16.30 ± 5.19)ml,while the amount was(32.30 ± 12.09) ml in group B.Statistical analysis showed significant difference(t =7.97,P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in nasal bleeding when extracted the stuffing and in analgesic efficiency 1hour after surgery.But the analgesic efficiency of lidocaine gelatin fiber was 20％,which was better than expansion hemostatic sponge 6 ～24 hours after surgery (t =27.163,29.091,16.241,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Lidocaine gelatin fiber not only had better hemostasis,but also had better analgesia than expansion hemostatic sponge after endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objective To study the biomarker panel of superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma(SBTCC)and analyze the biological pathway in tumorigenesis by Shotgun proteomics strategy.Methods Normal urothelium cells and cancer cells were harvested by laser capture microdissection from clinical specimen and the proteomic expression profile was identified by two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.The isoelectric point,molecular weight,grand average of hydropathicity,transmembrane helices were analyzed by using proteomics tools.Gene ontology was used to comment the identified proteins.The pathway analysis was performed by ArrayTrack software,and visualized by GenMAPP.Results There were 440 and 218 proteins expressed in cancer cells and normal cells respectively,among them 388 proteins were differerntially expressed.All the database about identified proteins was deposited in an accessible form to researchers at http://www.Proteome-SBTCC.org.cn and http://www.Proteome-NHTE.org.cn.There were 267(68.8%)differentially expressed proteins which had GO biological process comments.The biological pathwavs of these proteins included MAPK signaling pathway,focal adhesion,oxidative phosphorylation,ECMreceptor interaction,etc.Conclusion Shotgun strategy proteomies database of normal transitional epithelium and SBTCC is successfully constructed.And the basis for the understanding of cell biology and discovery of biomarker panel for SBTCC iS provided.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and management of neurogenic bladder disorder after radical operation for rectal cancer. Methods 23 paticnts with neurogenic bladder disodrer after surgery for rectal cancer underwent urodynamic examination to establish the diagnosis, and received treatment according to the findings. The results of treatment were observed.Results After management, 22 patients regained normal urination , and one case of urinary incontinence did not return to normal urination at follow-up 6 months later. Conclusions Patients with neurogenic bladder disorder after radical operation for rectal cancer should take the urodynamic examimation and given symtomatic management according to the urodynamic examination.

Objective To study the influence of culture supernatant of psoriatic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the colony-forming of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells. Methods Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation. Methylcellulose semi-solid culture medium was used to culture the bone marrow mononuclear cells in culture systems. The PBMC culture supernatant from psoriatic patients or normal controls were added to the culture, to observe their influence on the marrow-derived high proliferative potential colony forming cells (HPP-CFCs), erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (CFUs-E and CFUs-GM) of bone marrow hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from healthy individuals. Results The values of HPP-CFCs, CFUs-E and CFUs-GM were significantly lower in the bone marrow cells stimulated by the supernatant of cultured psoriatic PBMCs than those stimulated by the supernatant of cultured normal PBMCs and those in the spontaneous proliferation group (P 0.05). Conclusions Psoriatic PBMCs have specific biological activity and can inhibit the colony forming of bone marrow hematopoietic cells from healthy individuals.

The abdominal CT findings of cirrhosis of advanced schistosomiasis in 262 cases were analyzed.All the cases had the calcification in liver in varying degrees,hypodense structure in junction areas and blood vessel in centre,calcification in portal vein system,calcification of colon and so on.The characteristics of CT performance can provide the evidence for defferential diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of controlled hypotension with nitroglycerin on intraocular pressure(IOP)during gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 25-55 yr,weighing 55-70 kg,undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =20 each):control group(group C)and controlled hypotension with nitroglycerin group(group N).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midaaolam 0.1 mg/kg,fentanyl 3 μg/kg,vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and maintained with iv infusion of propofol at 8 mg· kg-1 · h-1 and vecuronium at 0.1 mg· kg 1 · h-1.Additional fentanyl 2 μg/kg was injected intravenously at 3 min before the starting of surgery.The patients was tracheal intuhated and mechanically ventilation.PETCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg.BIS value was maintained at 50-60.Controlled hypotension was induced by infusion of nitroglycerin at 2-4 μg· kg-1 · min-1 after the starting of surgery.CVP was maintained at 12-14 cm H2 O.Controlled hypotension was stopped at the end of operation.IOP and CVP were recorded before induction(To),at 3 min after tracheal intubation(T1),at 10,30,60,90 and 120 m in of pneumoperitoneum(T2-6)and at 10 min after pneumoperitoneum(T7).Intraocular hypertension(IOP ＞ 21mm Hg)was also recorded.Results Compared with group C,IOP at T3-6 and CVP at T2-6 were significantly decreased,and the incidence of intraocular hypertension was also decreased in group N(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Controlled hypotesion with nitroglycerin can prevent the intraocular hypertension effectively during gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To prepare a kind of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and doxorubicin loaded multifunctional polymer microbubbles (MPMBs),and to explore its potential application as an ultrasound(US)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent in vitro.Methods The MPMBs and normal polymer microbubbles (PMBs) were made by double emulsion and freeze-drying methods.The physical property,drug encapsulation efficiency and the drug-loading efficiency of MPMBs were determined,and the release property and US/MR imaging enhancement of MPMBs were observed.Results The MPMBs had a regular shape and narrow size distribution.The drug encapsulation efficiency was (60.20±2.69) ％,and the drug-loading efficiency was (6.02 ± 0.27) ％.The in vitro release experiment showed that ultrasound can promote the release of doxorubicin in MPMBs.US imaging in vitro showed that the enhancement of MPMBs was better than PMBs,and MR imaging in vitro conformed that MPMBs could well enhance MR imaging.Conclusions The MPMBs is a multifunctional contrast agent with the treatment function as well as US/MR dual-mode imaging enhancement effect.

Objective To prepare polyclactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) polymer ultrasound contrast agent loading sudan black dye (SB-PLGA) and study the enhancement effect of it on rabbit lymph nodes imaging and as a sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in the feasibility and value of the indicator.Methods SB-PLGA ultrasound contrast agent was made by double emulsion and freeze-drying methods.Thigh subcutaneous rabbit VX2 tumor model of eight lymph nodes were set up with the foot pad subcutaneous injection of contrast agents to get contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of the popliteal lymph node and the second inguinal lymph node stations.Then the blue stained lymph nodes were resected by popliteal lymph node dissection and the second station lymph nodes were also observed after 30 mins respectively,lymph nodes were examined by frozen sections HE staining in parallel.Results SB-PLGA microbubbles had a tight size distribution.Ultrasound imaging can be significantly enhanced lymph node imaging,the second station lymph node imaging was not obvious.Popliteal lymph node dissection for lymph node staining,30minutes later,frozen sections HE staining were seen within the lymph node contrast agent present in the lymphatic sinus and a large entry of macrophages.Inguinal lymph node dissection showed the second station of lymph nodes no blue staining.Conclusions SB-PLGA ultrasound contrast agent is good for sentinel lymph node imaging and biopsy indicator.Contrast agent retention and accumulation in the lymph nodes by the uptake of macrophages may be associated with the mechanisms of lymph node enhanced imaging.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in the treatment of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.Methods Three patients with anti-NMDAR antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum hospitalized from May 2012 to July 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.The clinical syndrome,investigations,and therapeutic interventions by rituximab when first line immunotherapy failed were evaluated.Results All 3 patients were females with median age of 17 years (12,17,and 22 years).One patient had ovarian teratoma.All 3 patients presented with psychiatric symptoms and movement disorders,2 of which developed into a state of unresponsiveness.Brain magnetic resonance imaging of 2 patients was unremarkable,and 1 showed T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity among the areas of medulla,pons,caudex cerebri and callosum.Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-PET showed variable multifocal cortical and subcortical abnormalities that changed during the course of the disease.Electroencephalograms were abnormal in all patients,showing non-specific,slow,and disorganised activity,1 showing extreme delta brush.The cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis.All patients showed no response to treatment with first line immunotherapy (corticosteroids,intravenous immunoglobulin (400 mg · kg-1 · d-1 × 5 d,2-3 courses of treatment)).After the administration of rituximab,1 patient responded slower,whereas the other 2 patients who recovered dramatically (375 mg/m2 every week for 3-4 weeks) continued immunosuppression with mycophenolatemofetil for 1 year.Relapse occurred in 1 patient when the immunotherapies discontinued 6 months later.During the treatment of rituximab,2 patients had grade 3 infectious adverse events (hospitalization and intravenous administration of antibiotics).Conclusions Rituximab is effective for the patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who fail to respond to the first line immunotherapy.However the utility of rituximab is still a challenge due to the risk of infectious complications and off-label use.