Objective: Blocking the expression of Survivin with siRNA, and the effects of suppressing the proliferation of PC-2 cell and inducing its apoptosis were investigated. Methods: Constructed the siRNA against Survivin plasmid expression vector and transfected it into PC-2 cell with lipofectamine™ 2000, the changes of Survivin expression were detected by semi-quantitive RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method, The effect of suppressing the proliferation of PC-2 cell was detected by the method of MTT; the effect of inducing PC-2 cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: The sequence specific siRNA can effectively block the expression of Survivin both at the mRNA and protein levels, the expression inhibition ratio was 81.25% at mRNA level and 74.24% at protein levels blocking the expression of Survivin can suppress the proliferation of PC-2 cell significantly, 24, 48 hours after the cell was reseeded, the proliferation inhibition ratio was 28.00% and 33.38% respectively; 24, 48 hours after the transfection, 8.46% and 7.53% cells were induced to apoptosis respectively. Conclusion: The siRNA against Survivin plasmid expression vector constructed in the study can blocking the expression of Survivin in PC-2 cell effectively and specifically; blocking the expression of Survivin can significantly suppress the proliferation of PC-2 cell and induce a certain degree cells apoptosis; RNAi against Survivin is of a certain value in the gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of Jianpi Yishen granule in the relief for toxic and negative effects of chemotherapy in treating cancer.Methods Five hundred and twenty eight cases were randomized into two groups:the treatment group in which Jianpi Yishen granule and chemotherapy were used and the control group in which chemotherapy only was given.Total two cycles were performed for two groups.The effective rate,the changes of Karnofsky scores and immunity,the adverse reaction to chemotherapy in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.Results The effective rate (CR+PR) in the treatment group and the control group was 61.4% and 60.5% respectively,and the improvement in Karnofsky scores in the fomer was higher than in the latter (P

With the understanding of autoimmune encephalitis many novel types of autoimmune encephalitis and related antibodies have been identified. There are some cases of autoimmune encephalitis with autoantibody overlapping syndromes or phenotype overlapping syndromes, which bring challenges to diagnosis and treatment in practice. The relevant literature was reviewed and the clinical characteristics, pathological mechanism and treatment of overlapping syndromes associated with autoimmune encephalitis were summarized, in order to provide a reference for the management of autoimmune encephalitis with overlapping syndromes.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and adverse reaction of raltitrexed combined with radiation for esophageal carcinoma in elderly patients.Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups by the envelope method, 30 patients in experimental group received raltitrexed combined with radiotherapy and 30 patients in control group received radiotherapy only.Patients in both groups received conventional radiotherapy with a total dose of 56-60 Gy/28-30 F.In experimental group, raltitrexed 2.6 mg/m2 was administered concurrently with the radiotherapy on d1 and d22.Two cycles of concurrent chemotherapy were administered during radiotherapy.The short-term effects, survival times and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rates of experimental group and control group were 93.3% and 73.3%, respectively, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2=4.320, P=0.038).The median survival times of experimental group and control group was 24.0 months and 12.0 months, respectively, and there was statistically significant difference by Log-rank test (χ2=6.048, P=0.014).The major adverse reactions of grade 3-4 in experimental group and control group were radiation-induced esophagitis (10.0% vs.3.3%;χ2=0.268, P=0.605), leukopenia (13.3% vs.10.0%;χ2=0.000, P=1.000), thrombocytopenia (3.3% vs.0;P=1.000), nausea and vomiting (6.7% vs.0;χ2=0.517, P=0.472), and the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion Raltitrexed combined with radiotherapy can enhance the short-term effect and prolong the survival time for the elderly esophageal carcinoma patients, and the adverse reactions are mild.It is worthy of further clinical study.

Objective To investigate the effect on ER expression in MCF-7 cell by siRNA against survivin mediated by adenovirus vector.Methods An adenovirus vector of siRNA against survivin was constructed and used to infect MCF-7 cell.The change of expression of survivin and ER was detected by Western Blot.Results The expression strength of survivin are 0.09 ± 0.04、0.86 ± 0.08、0.82 ± 0.17;expression strength of ER are 1.57 ± 0.09、1.16 ± 0.10、1.23 ± 0.01 respectively in the experimental group,negative control group and blank control group.Statistics analysis shows that the adenovirus vector of siRNA against survivin constructed in the study can suppress the expression of survivin significantly,and suppress the expression of survivin can up-regulate the estrogen receptor (ER) expression.Conclusions The results suggest that there may be a certain regulatory mechanism between survivin and ER signal pathway in MCF-7 cell and siRNA against survivin is of important potential value in the endocrine therapy of hormone receptor positive breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression of GRP78 in breast cancer,the relationships among the expression and the clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis were also investigated.Methods The expression of GRP78 was detected in 172 paraffin-embedded breast cancer samples with immunohistochemistry Envision method,the relationships among the expression and the clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis were investigated.Results Positive expression of GRP78 is common in breast cancer.Strong expression of GRP78 was detected in 71 cases (41.28％),and weak expression was detected in 101 cases (58.72％).GRP78 expression wasn't associated with the clinicopathological characterristics except T stage and Her-2 status.Univariate analysis (log-rank test) showed that GRP78 expression correlated with disease free survival and overall survival significantly.Patients with strong GRP78 expression had poorer prognosis compared to those with weak GRP78 expression(P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis utilizing Cox regression analysis showed that GRP78 is an independent biomarker of disease free survival (P ＜ 0.05),but not an independent biomarker of overall survival (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Positive expression of GRP78 is common in breast cancer and strong expression is associated with poorer survival.

Objective Blocking the expression of Survivin with siRNA, and the effects of suppling the proliferation of PC-2 cell and inducing its apoptosis were investigated. Methods Constructed the siRNA against Survivin plasmid expression vector and transfected it into PC-2 cell with lipofectamineTM 2000, the changes of Survivin expression were detected by semi-quantitive RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method, The effect of suppressing the proliferation of PC-2 cell was detected by the method of MTT; the effect of inducing PC-2 cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results The sequence specific siRNA can effectively block the expression of Survivin both at themRNA and protein levels, the expression inhibition ratio was 81.25% at mRNA level and 74. 24% at protein level;blocking the expression of Survivin can suppress the proliferation of PC-2 cell significantly, 24, 48 hours after the cell was reseeded, the proliferation inhibition ratio was 28. 00% and 33. 38% respectively; 24, 48 hours after the transfection, 8.46 % and 7.53 % cells were induced to apoptosis respectively. Conclusion The siRNA against Survivin plasmid expression vector constructed in the study can blocking the expression of Survivin in PC-2 cell effectively and specifically; blocking the expression of Survivin can signiilcantly suppress the proliferation of PC-2 cell and induce a certain degree cells apoptosis; RNAi against Survivin is of a certain value in the gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and stability of a newly designed retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in vitro experiment.Methods In the flow model,thrombus capture rate and stability of the new IVC filter,and the Recovery retrievable filter were tested in varied thrombus size,tube diameters and positions.The process was repeated with a piece of cow aorta to observe the capture rate and stability.Results The emboli capture rate of different embolism diameter (2,3,5 mm) was 91.50%,96.50%and 99.50%,respectively.For two tube diameter (21,28 mm) was 98.00%and 93.67%,respectively.For the two directions (horizontal,vertical) was 94.33%,97.33%,and the total capture rate was 95.83%.Under those different conditions,the capture rates of Recovery filter was 81.00%,91.00%,95.00%;92.33%,85.67% and 87.67%,90.33%,respectively.while the total capture rate was 89.00%.Using the cow vessel,the capture rate was 88.50%,94.00%,98.00%;94.67%,92.33%;91.33%,95.67%,respectively;and the total rate was 93.50%.During experiment,two types of filter did not move or deflect.Conclusion The newly designed retrievable IVC filter is effective and stable in vitro study,and the capability of trapping emboli is better than that of Recovery filter.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of expressing multiple autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune encephalitis.Methods Cerebrospinal fluid and serum were tested in patients with undefined encephalitis admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2013 to December 2014.Indirect immunofluorescence test was firstly used to identify the antibodies to neuronal cell-surface or synaptic receptors (including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR),contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2),α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR),leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 (LGI1),and gamma-aminobutyric acid beta receptor (GABABR)).In those patients with positive antibodies,antibodies against intracellular neuronal antigens associated with paraneoplastic neurological symptoms were tested.Anti-aquaporin protein-4 (AQP4) antibody was tested depending on patients' clinical manifestations.Results Ten patients were detected combined with additional autoantibodies in 531 patients with positive antibodies related to autoimmune encephalitis.AntiHu antibody was positive in 5 patients with anti-GABABR encephalitis,in 1 of whom anti-NMDAR antibody was also identified;anti-AQP4 antibody was positive in 1 patient with relapsing anti-NMDAR encephalitis;anti-CASPR2 and anti-Yo antibodies were respectively positive in 2 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis;anti-CV2 and anti-Hu antibodies were respectively positive in 2 patients with anti-AMPAR encephalitis.Clinical presentation of all cases was consistent with typical encephalitis or limbic encephalitis.Brain stem was involved in 3 patients.Peripheral sensory neuropathy was present in 1 patient,while myalgia and fasciculation were present in 1 patient.Seven patients responded well to the immunotherapy.Tumors were pathologically or radiologically confirmed in 7 cases,including lung cancer in 5 cases,suspected thymoma in 1 case and highly suspected mediastinal tumor without pathological identification in 1 case.Conclusions Due to the pathological mechanism,co-existence of multiple autoantibodies affects clinical manifestations of patients and results in variation and overlap of them.The additional positivity of onconeuronal antibodies directs the search for occult tumor.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in the treatment of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.Methods Three patients with anti-NMDAR antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum hospitalized from May 2012 to July 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.The clinical syndrome,investigations,and therapeutic interventions by rituximab when first line immunotherapy failed were evaluated.Results All 3 patients were females with median age of 17 years (12,17,and 22 years).One patient had ovarian teratoma.All 3 patients presented with psychiatric symptoms and movement disorders,2 of which developed into a state of unresponsiveness.Brain magnetic resonance imaging of 2 patients was unremarkable,and 1 showed T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity among the areas of medulla,pons,caudex cerebri and callosum.Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-PET showed variable multifocal cortical and subcortical abnormalities that changed during the course of the disease.Electroencephalograms were abnormal in all patients,showing non-specific,slow,and disorganised activity,1 showing extreme delta brush.The cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis.All patients showed no response to treatment with first line immunotherapy (corticosteroids,intravenous immunoglobulin (400 mg · kg-1 · d-1 × 5 d,2-3 courses of treatment)).After the administration of rituximab,1 patient responded slower,whereas the other 2 patients who recovered dramatically (375 mg/m2 every week for 3-4 weeks) continued immunosuppression with mycophenolatemofetil for 1 year.Relapse occurred in 1 patient when the immunotherapies discontinued 6 months later.During the treatment of rituximab,2 patients had grade 3 infectious adverse events (hospitalization and intravenous administration of antibiotics).Conclusions Rituximab is effective for the patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who fail to respond to the first line immunotherapy.However the utility of rituximab is still a challenge due to the risk of infectious complications and off-label use.