Objective To study the value of 3D-CT reconstruction in the diagnosis of surface involved lesions of bone for its nature and location,comparing with plain film and 2D-CT.Methods Surface-involved lesions of bone revealed by plain-film were performed spiral CT examination.Multi-planar reconstruction(MPR)and surface shading display(SSD)were performed among 20 cases which had pathologic results.The diagnosing correct rate of nature and location in all the techniques were compared.Results The correct rate of nature diagnosing of plain film,2D-CT,MPR and SSD was 75%,80%,65%,60% respectively;correct rate of location diagnosing was 90%,75%,85%,95% respectively.The highest nature diagnostic correct rate was found in 2D-CT.The highest location diagnostic correct rate was found in SSD.Conclusion Spiral CT stereoscopic reconstruction is of great value in the location diagnosing of surface-involved bone lesion.

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ObjectiveTo explore the radiological features of hypophosphatasia.MethodsFive cases of hypophosphatasia were definitely diagnosed,which included 3 males and 2 females aged from 5 months to 23 years.The laboratory assays were analyzed,radiological appearances of bone were determined and differential diagnoses were made.ResultsThe alkaline phosphatase in blood serum of five patients decreased,which were 8,20,13,21,and 18 U/L respectively.Phosphoethanolamine increased in blood serum of the five patients,which were 16.5,13.5,21.6,18.7,and 28.9 μmol/L respectively.Phosphoethanolamine also increased in urine,which were 2350,9120,3520,5280,and 1820 μmol/L respectively.Calcium in blood serum increased,which were 4.2,5.6,4.9,6.1,and 3.5 mmol/L respectively.X-ray images displayed that the density of bone decreased in 5 cases,the metaphyses exhibited widening and cupping in 4 cases,the provisional calcification zone of the metaphysis became thinning or disappearing in 4 cases,long bone bended in 4 cases and pathologically fractured in 1 case.Conclusion Hypophosphatasia can be indicated by its relatively special radiological appearance,and it can be diagnosed and differentiated from rickets,osteomalacia and osteogenesis imperfect by the laboratory examination combined with its clinical presentation.

Objective To compare minimally invasive percutaneous nephroscope and channel percutaneous nephroscope clinical curative effect for the treatment of kidney stones.Methods According to the digital table, 1 10 cases of patients with renal stones were selected and randomly divided into the control group 58 cases and obser-vation group of 52 cases.The control group underwent big channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL),the observa-tion group were treated by minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL).Compared the two groups of patients with stone size,operation time,bleeding volume,decreased hemoglobin values before and after operation,and one-staged stone clearance rate.The changes of renal function in the two groups of patients before and after operation were analyed.Results The two groups with operation were completed successfully,no bleeding and other operation condition happened.The operation hemorrhage of the control group was (118.7 ±31.3)mL,the operation hemorrhage of observation group was (56.8 ±31.7)mL,there was a significant difference between the two groups (t=-10.192, P<0.05).In the control group,the stone size,operation time,operation decreased hemoglobinvalue and one-staged stone clearance rate were (19.2 ±4.8)mm,(115.8 ±44.7)min,(11.2 ±3.9)g/L,88.5%.In the observation group,the stone size,operation time,operation decreased hemoglobinvalue and one-staged stone clearance rate were (21.5 ±7.3)mm,(126.3 ±25.7)min,(56.8 ±31.7)g/L,78.1%.The two groups showed no significant differ-ences (P>0.05).Renal function of the two groups were not significantly changed before and after 4 weeks of opera-tion,the two groups showed no significant differences(P>0.05 ).Conclusion The curative effects of two kinds of operations are similar,but the amount of hemorrhage of minimally invasive nephrolithotomy is less.Two kinds of opera-tion methods had no significant effects on patients renal function.