Objective To investigate the pathway that inflammatory response in acute renal failure effect on cardiovascular system by analyzing the relationship between inflammatory indices and atrial natriuretic peptide in acute renal failure patients. Methods Atrial natriuretie peptide and the serum inflammatory indices including C-reactive protein(CRP) ,interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor-a(TNF-α) were measured in 75 patients with acute re-nal failure,the relationship among them was analyzed. Results 62.7% of all patients presented increased ANP lev-els. The serum CRP, IL-6 levels in increased atrial natriuretic peptide group were significantly higher than those in lower atrial natriuretic peptide group. Atrial natduretic peptide in uremia positively correlated with CRP( P<0.01),IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05). Conclusion There is inflammatory state in acute renal failure patients, inflammation may have effects on cardiovascular system by leading to metabolic disorder of atrial natriuretic peptide.