Data mining technology can provide higher-level data analysis functions to hospital managers and offer strong technical support to the formulation of competitive strategies by the hospital. The authors identify four data mining tasks, viz. data sampling, classification, clustering and association rules and give an account of the methods frequently used in data mining. They point out that data mining technology has wide applicability in medical quality control, outpatient and emergency care control, ward control, hospital resources allocation and hospital economic management. They argue that with the wide and further application of information technology, hospital management will move to a significantly higher level.

Objective To investigate the expression of p73 gene and its protein and their relation with clinicopathologic features in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues.Methods Expression of p73 mRNA and protein in 52 NPC and 25 normal nasopharyngeal tissues was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results Expression of p73 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in NPC than that in normal nasopharyngeal tissues (mRNA:73.1％ vs 24.0 ％,protein:71.2 ％ vs 36.0 ％),there were significant statistical differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05),and their expression was closely related to tumor invasion depth,degree of differentiation and clinical stage (P ＜ 0.05).Expression of p73 gene and protein was not closely related to age and gender (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Detection expression of p73 mRNA and its protein can be helpful in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in NPC.

Objective To explore the molecular and cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM).Methods The la-boratory data of bone marrow smears were retrospectively analyzed in 61 patients of MM.24 hours short-term culture of bone marrow and R banding technology were performed in 31 patients.Among these patients,10 cases were selected for de-tecting the IgH gene expression by the interval FISH method.Results The proportions of myeloma cells were 0.19~0.94 in bone marrow smears of 61 patients.In 31 patients,25 patients had enough metaphases for analysis,in which 19 cases (71.3%)had abnormal clones,8q24,11q13,13q14 and 17p13 were important structural abnormalities,where 14q32 rear-rangement was the most characteristic abnormal structure,6 patients were detected IgH gene rearrangement.Conclusion Bone marrow smear combined with other laboratory examinations could make the diagnosis of MM,chromosomal abnormali-ties may help to explore the pathogenesis of MM,and provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis,treatment and prog-nosis of this disease.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of jujuboside A on glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS SD rats were administered with streptozotocin 100 mg · kg-1 to estabilish the diabetic model. Diabetic SD rats received jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg · kg-1 daily for 4 weeks by lavage administration, respectively. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) in the blood of each group was measured by fructosamine method. The morphological changes in glomerular cells were observed by PAS staining. Glomerular cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3 was detected by Western blotting. Trans?forming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR. RESULTS Compared with model group, jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 treatment significantly reduced the level of GHb in blood (mmol · L- 1: 10.9 ± 0.8 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05; 7.6 ± 0.5 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05), PAS positive score of glomerular cells (26.8 ± 3.2 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05; 18.4 ± 2.1 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05) and the apoptosis of glomerular cells〔(8.2±0.8)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05;(5.1±0.5)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05〕. Moreover, Bcl-2 protein expression in kidney tissues was elevated (P<0.05), whereas Bax (P<0.05), cleaved caspase 9 (P<0.05) and cleaved caspase 3 (P<0.05) protein expression and TGF-β1 mRNA (P<0.05) expression were reduced after jujuboside A administration. CONCLUSION Jujuboside A can prevent glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, which may be associated with the regulation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways and TGF-β1 expression.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy,overall survival and toxicities in the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated by liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin as first-line treating.Methods 34 cases with advanced NSCLC were treated with liposome paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 on day 1 and nedaplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 by intravenous infusion,with 21 days as one cycle.The patients were treated with chemotherapy more than 2 cycles.Efficacy evaluation and adverse events were evaluated every 2 cycles.Results 34 patients were available for evaluation of efficacy and adverse events.The patients recieved 174 cycles of chemotherapy,and the median was 5.3 cycles.The objective response rate of liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin was 32.3 ％,the disease control rate was 67.6 ％,the median overall survival was 9.5 months (95 ％ CI 6.2-10.7),1 years survival rate was 40.6 ％.The main adverse events were hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities.Frequent grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ toxicities included neutropenia (41.7 ％),anemia (17.6 ％),thrombocytopenia (8.8 ％),nausea and vomiting (8.8 ％),diarrhea (5.8 ％).Conclusions The regimen of liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin is against advanced non-small cell lung cancer with high efficacy and acceptable toxicities,and it may be used as a new choice for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To discuss the value of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) in the etiological diagnosis of patients with head and neck artery occlusion.Methods From December 2015 to February 2017,25 consecutive patients with acute head and neck artery occlusion in Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled prospectively.The 32-channel head-neck combined coils were used to conduct head-neck integrated HR-MRI.The characteristics of proximal vascular wall of the occluded vascular segments and the signal features of thrombi in the middle and distal segments of occlusion were analyzed.The evaluation of the occlusive etiology was performed by two neurologists according to the clinical history,laboratory examinations,and imaging examinations of the patients,and the accuracy of conventional lumen imaging and conventional lumen imaging combined with HR-MRI in etiological classification were compared.Results Twenty-five patients with acute head and neck artery occlusion completed HR-MRI examinations.A total of 31 segments of the occluded vessels were diagnosed,and 21 of these were diagnosed with the conventional luminal imaging,30 were diagnosed with the conventional luminal imaging+HR-MRI,including 24 segments of atherosclerotic occlusion (n=19),4 segments of arterial dissecting occlusion (n=4),and 3 segments of arteritis occlusion (n=2).(2) In patients with atherosclerotic occlusion,the eccentric thickening was observed in the proximal wall of occlusive segment;the typical double-lumen or crescent-shaped hyperintense hematoma were observed in occlusive arterial dissection;long-segment annular thickening and enhancement were observed in the segment of arteritis occlusion.(3) The accuracy of the cause classification diagnosis of conventional luminal imaging and conventional luminal imaging+HR-MRI were 67.7% (21/31) and 96.8% (30/31) respectively (P<0.01).Conclusions Compared with the luminal imaging,the head and neck combined HR-MRI can reveal the arterial wall characteristics of the initial segment of occlusion.It has certain advantages in the interpretation of the causes,such as atherosclerosis,arterial dissection and arteritis.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the preventive effect of Guizhi decoction on myocardial injury after chemical sympathectomy induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA).METHODS:Wistar rats (n=54) were randomly divided in-to 6 groups.Methycobal and Guizhi decoction ( with different proportions between Ramulus Cinnamomi and Radix paeoniae Alba at 2∶1, 1∶2 or 1∶1) were pre-administered to the rats.Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the cardiac sympathetic nerve distribution.The contents of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), choline acetylaminotransferase (ChAT) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) in the left ventricle were measured by ELISA.The serum levels of myocardial en-zymes and morphology of myocardial tissues were also observed.RESULTS:6-OHDA successfully induced cardiac sympa-thetic denervation as the contents of TH and GAP-43 in the left ventricle declined significantly.Compared with model group, the content of TH was elevated in both methycobal group and Guizhi decoction groups, while the content of GAP-43 was elevated only in Guizhi decoction groups.The serum levels of myocardial enzymes and the histopathological changes of the cardiac tissues were deteriorated after injection of 6-OHDA, indicating that the myocardial injury was established. Methycobal and Guizhi decoction normalized the abnormal change.Guizhi decoctions at 2∶1 and 1∶1 showed the best effi-cacy.CONCLUSION:6-OHDA-induced sympathetic denervation causes myocardial injury.Guizhi decoction with the proportions between Ranulus Cinnamomi and Radix paeoniae Alba at 2∶1 and 1∶1 effectively alleviate the myocardial injury after cardiac sympathetic denervation induced by 6-OHDA.

Objective: To quantitatively study the morphological structure and parameter of right atrial appendage (RAA) by 256-slice spiral CT to provide RAA imaging reference for interventional or surgical therapy in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 200 patients with negative CTA results examined in our hospital were studied including 96 male and 104 female; by age division, Age≤40 years group,n=29, Age (40-60) years group,n=114 and Age>60 years group,n=57. The original scanning data was reconstructed for RAA establishment, indexes of volume, radial lines were measured and compared between different gender and age groups to obtain 95% normal imaging references of RAA. Results:①The volume, height, basilar part circumference, anteroposterior spread of RAA in male were greater than female, allP<0.05; with surface area standardization, the long and short diameter of basilar part, area, circumference in female were greater than male, allP<0.05.②Anteroposterior angle and spread of RAA in Age<40 years group were higher than both Age (40-60) years group and Age>60 years group,P<0.05, the above parameters were similar between Age (40-60) years group and Age>60 years group,P>0.05.③95% normal reference ranges of RAA were as following: volume (4.83-19.97) ml, height (21.46-41.80) mm; basilar part longest diameter (25.89-41.65) mm, short diameter (19.34-36.24) mm, area (459.30-1093.28) mm2, circumference (86.16-147.04) mm; anteroposterior angle (1.67-31.23) °, spread (8.07-34.37) mm. Conclusion: 256-slice CT may quantitatively study the morphological structure and parameter of RAA and establish its 95% normal imaging references for clinical practice.

Objective To assess the in vitro antimite activity of artemether against Demodex folliculorum, and to provide evidence for the use of artemether in the treatment of skin diseases caused by Demodex folliculorum infection. Methods Artemether was diluted to different concentrations(20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L)with peanut oil. The pH values of working solutions of artemether and peanut oil were measured. Demodex folliculorum mites were divided into several groups(32 mites in each group)to be treated with artemether(20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L, artemether groups) or peanut oil(control group). Results There were significant differences in the time required for killing of Demodex folliculorum among the 20?, 10?, 5?and 2.5?g/L artemether groups and control group(Median[P25-P75]:3.00[2.00-3.88]vs. 6.00[4.13- 7.25]vs. 13.00[11.63- 14.50]vs. 17.00[15.25- 20.75]vs. 34.00[23.50- 39.50]hours, H=133.954, P<0.001). Additionally, the time required for killing of Demodex folliculorum was significantly shorter in these artemether groups than in the control group(all P<0.001), and was gradually shortened with the increase of artemether concentrations, but was similar between the 10? and 20?g/L artemether groups(P > 0.05). Moreover, the pH values of working solutions of artemether and peanut oil ranged between 7.0 and 7.1, and were close to neutral. Conclusion Artemether at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L can kill Demodex folliculorum in vitro, so artemether may serve as an alternative drug for the treatment of Demodex folliculorum infection.

Objective To investigate antibiotic resistance and molecular epidemiology profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Shanghai. Methods The antibiograms of 140 MRSA isolates from 5 hospitals for 13 drugs were analyzed by agar dilution and broth dilution. The PVL gene and SCCmec were detected by PCR; The clonal relatedness of 140 isolates were determined by PFGE and 39 strains were chosen to be characterized further by spa typing. Results All 140 MRSA are PVL negative and most of them were identified as SCCmec Ⅲ [45.7% (64/140)], followed by SCCmec Ⅲ a [25.0% (35/140)], SCCmecⅢb [14.3% (20/140)], SCCmecⅡ [10.7% (15/140)] and SCCmecⅣ [4.3% (6/140)]. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin and daptomycin. The resistance to gentamicin, sulphamethoxazole and clindamycin was 98. 6% (138/140), 98. 6% (137/140) and 97. 9% (137/140), respectively. Resistance to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was above 80%, and resistance to rifampicin was 10. 7% (15/140). Sixteen different PFGE patterns(A-P) were found and most of MRSA belonged to group C[30. 7% (43/140)] ,B[13.6% (19/140)]and Ⅰ [10. 7% (15/140)]. Among 39 strains with prevalent PFGE patterns, 4 spa genotypes were identified: t002133. 33% (13/39)] ,t030 [12. 82% (5/39)] ,t037[51.28% (20/39)]and t459[2. 57% (1/39)]. Conclusions Sixteen different PFGE patterns and 4 spa genotypos were found from 5 hospitals in Shanghai. The most popular MRSA clone is PVL negative, SCCmec Ⅲ, with resistant profile of erythromycin, ciprofloxacin,clindamycin,etracycline, gentamicin,and sulphamethoxazole [E-C-L-T-G-M-]. This result suggests that hospital infection control and reasonable antibiotic usage are critical.