Objective To study the radiation protection and its molecular mechanism of the polysaccharide from Monostroma nitidum. Methods The mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group and 3 treatment groups. Polysaccharide from Monostroma nitidum was applied to the treatment group for 15 d before irradiation with 6.0 Gy rays. 30-day survival rate was observed. The counts of peripheral white blood cell, thrombocytes and erythrocytes were measured. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px were assayed , and the damage to the cell membrane was studied by measuring the lipid peroxides MDA levels. The spleen index and transformation response of splenic lymphocyte were determined. Results 30 day survival rate significantly increased in the polysaccharide groups. The animal experiment showed the counts of peripheral white blood cell, thrombocytes and erythrocytns were significantly and more rapidly recovered in the polysaccharide group after irradiation. The polysaccharides markedly increased the activities of GSH-Px and SOD and decreased the levels of MDA in the blood. In the irradiated mice, the polysacchaxide significantly increased the spleen index and transformation response of splenic lymphocyte when compared with irradiation mice.Conclusion The present observations suggest that the polysaccharide from Monostroma nitidum had a marked redioprotective effect on irradiated mice and that the biological response might be caused by the hematopoiesis recovery, antioxidant effect and immune activation.

Background and purpose:Nausea and vomiting were the most common side effects of chemotherapy and they are difficult to control especially in terms of delayed nausea and vomiting induced by CDDP. Acupuncture treatment is popularly the traditional medical method used in China,being economic and easy to carry out.This research is to study the role of acupuncture treatment in the prevention of NP regimen induced delayed nausea and vomiting. Methods:26 patients with NSCLC were enrolled into a randomized double blind crossover trial. The patients received either hydrochloride ondostrone+Dexm+acupuncture treatment(the first cycle of chemotherapy) →hydrochloride ondostrone+Dexm (the second cycle of chemotherapy)(defined as AB group) or hydrochloride ondostrone+Dexm (the first cycle of chemotherapy)→hydrochloride ondostrone+Dexm+acupuncture treatment (the second cycle of chemotherapy)( defined as BA group).Results:Twenty six patients were evaluated. The complete controls of nausea for the AB group with acupuncture treatment were 96.15%, 96.15%, 76.92%, 84.62%, 92.31% and 100.00% for day 1-6, respectively, for the BA group without acupuncture treatment were 100.00%, 76.92%, 57.69%, 34.62%, 65.38% and 76.92%, respectively. There were statistically difference in terms of the control of nausea for day 3-5(P

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic results of expandable stent for treatment of atherosclerotic renovascular obstructive disease. Methods 15 patients (10 men and 5 women, 41～75 years old; mean age, 52 years) with renal arterial hypertension underwent renal stent agioplasty including renal arterial stenosis 89% (n=13) and fully obstruction without function in 2, of which 2 patients had bilateral involvement. The stenotic range of all arterial segments showed 60% to 90% width of the normal arterial diameter. 16 stents were implanted under the guidance of flouroscopy. The most of stents implanted were Palmaz (n=12, 75%) with regular clinial and angiographic follow up. Results Technical success (residual stenosis

BACKGROUND: Nerve root could be directly or indirectly entrapped due to lateral backward prolapse of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc, as well as parenchymal inflammatory tumefaction of the soft tissues in nerve root tube. But the factors and their severity related to cervical nerve entrapment at cervical intervertebral foramen and spinal nervous sulcus still need further studies.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the occurrence rate of cervical nerve entrapment at cervical intervertebral foramen and spinal nervous sulcus and the severity of cervical syndrome.DESIGN: A single sample study.SETTING: Department of Anatomy, Department of Geriatrics of the Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Teaching Affairs, Chengde Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: The research was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Chengde Medical College. Totally 120 sides of 60 cadavers(28 males and 32 females) were provided by the Department of Anatomy.METHODS: The outside diameters of cervical intervertebral foramen and spinal nerve root, as well as the width of external opening of spinal nerve sulcus and transverse diameter width of the anterior branch of intra-spinal nerve were measured, and the data were dealt with statistically.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The ratio of transversal diameter of the forepart of cervical nerves to the width of spinal nerve sulcus; the ratio of the peripheral diameter of cervical nerve roots to the size of intervertebral foramen; the occurrence rate where the ratio was ≥ 1.RESULTS: The ratio between cervical nerve root and intervertebral foramen was significantly larger than that between spinal nerve root and spinal nerve sulcus( t = 2.66, P ＜ 0.01 ). The occurrence rate of cervical nerve entrapment at the intervertebral foramen(24.6% ) was higher than that in spinal nerve sulcus(6.3% ), and the difference had a considerable statistical significance(x2 =6.95, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the spinal nerve may be entrapped in the cervical intervertebral foramen and the spinal nervous sulcus, and the spinal nerve lesions in the cervical intervertebral foramen was more serious than in the spinal nervous sulcus. Therefore, in clinic, when diagnosing and treating cervical spondylosis, while nerve entrapment at the intervertebral foramen is fully considered, the possibility of nerve entrapment at the spinal nervous sulcus should not be neglected.

[Objective] To study the analgesic, anti-diarrhea and anti-inflammatory effects of Wulian compound extract. [Method] To study the analgesic effect of Wulian compound extract on mice with hot-plate test, writhing test, and formaldehyde stimulation. To study the anti-inflammatory effect of Wulian compound extract by mice ear-swol en induced by xylene and abdominal cavity capil ary Permeability text .To study the anti-diarrhea effect of the Wulian compound extract with the method of diarrhea induced by castor oil and senna. [Results] Wulian compound extract can inhibit the pain caused by high fever, acetic acid and formaldehyde. Inhibit the xylene induced ear swel ing of mice and increase of celiac capil ary permeability induced by acetic acid. At the same time Wulian compound extract can prolong diarrhea latency induced by the senna and castor oil, reduce the frequency of diarrhea. [Conclusion]Compound Wulian extracts have significant antidiarrheal effect, anti-inflammatory, analgesic.

Objective To determine the difference of global indices of retinal thickness at posterior pole in primary and suspected glaucoma. Methods Forty five global indices of analysis on retinal thickness at posterior pole in every case, including 12 cases of primary open angle glaucoma and 11 cases of suspected glaucoma were obtained by advanced retinal thickness analyzer. Every index was also compared. Results There were significant differences between primary and suspected glaucoma in foveal shape deviation (FSD), foveal corrected thickness deviation (FCTD), foveal fixation corrected thickness deviation (FFD), foveola thickness deviation (VTD), corrected foveola thickness deviation (CVTD), peri foveal abnormally thin area (PFATN), posterior pole pattern deviation (PPPD), and posterior pole abnormally thin area (PPATN). Conclusion There are significant difference of morphologic indices of retinal thickness at posterior pole between primary and suspected glaucoma.

Objective To investigate the pathologic features of ganglioglioma/gangliocytoma.Methods 19 cases of gangliogliomas and gangliocytomas were studied by HE stain, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural observation.Results (1) The tumor cells presented widespread, derangement distribution, and conglobation in some regions. (2) The tumor cells were similar with ganglion cell, showing multipolar in feature, and had large, irregular nucleoli. The nucleoli were clear. Some tumor cells were bi-nucleated. (3) Neurogliocytomas were Ⅱ～Ⅲ grades according to the standard published by WHO. (4) Immunoreactions showed GFAP (-), S-100 (+) and Synaptophyein (+) in neoplastic cells. (5) Ultrastructure observation showed cytolysosome, ribosome and rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. Abundant mitochondria and dense neuroendocrine granules were also found in these cells.Conclusions Ganglioglioma/gangliocytoma is a rare tumor of central nervous system. Its diagnosis mainly depends on histopathology, special markers of immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural features. The property of neoplasma is related to the component of neurogliocytoma.

Objective To study the physiology of sleeping in a swine model with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) reproduced by high altitude and hypoxia. Methods Twelve male minipigs were randomly assigned to 2 groups, named A and B. The pigs of Group A were placed in Room 1, which was a double-room altitude chamber, and the pressure in it was adjusted to 53.9 kPa with an oxygen concentration of 10.0%~11.2%. The pigs of Group B were kept in Room 2 with altitude of sea level and oxygen concentration of 21%. All the animals were kept in their respective rooms for 6 hours per day and for 22 consecutive days. On the 23rd day sleeping was monitored, at the same time the movements of chest and abdomen, respiratory airflow, heart rate, and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO_2) were recorded. Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI), Hypopnea Index (HI), and average SpO_2 were derived from analysis of the data of sleeping monitoring. Pigs were sacrificed after the experiment, and pharyngeal tissue was harvested for pathological examination. Results The AHI (16.1?8.3 vs 2.3?1.6), HI (4.3?3.1 vs 1.3?1.0), SpO_2 (86.7?3.6 vs 94.5?1.8) of pigs of group A showed were have significant differences compared with that of the control (P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of jujuboside A on glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS SD rats were administered with streptozotocin 100 mg · kg-1 to estabilish the diabetic model. Diabetic SD rats received jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg · kg-1 daily for 4 weeks by lavage administration, respectively. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) in the blood of each group was measured by fructosamine method. The morphological changes in glomerular cells were observed by PAS staining. Glomerular cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3 was detected by Western blotting. Trans?forming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR. RESULTS Compared with model group, jujuboside A 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 treatment significantly reduced the level of GHb in blood (mmol · L- 1: 10.9 ± 0.8 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05; 7.6 ± 0.5 vs 17.5 ± 1.5, P<0.05), PAS positive score of glomerular cells (26.8 ± 3.2 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05; 18.4 ± 2.1 vs 36.4 ± 3.8, P<0.05) and the apoptosis of glomerular cells〔(8.2±0.8)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05;(5.1±0.5)%vs (17.6±1.8)%, P<0.05〕. Moreover, Bcl-2 protein expression in kidney tissues was elevated (P<0.05), whereas Bax (P<0.05), cleaved caspase 9 (P<0.05) and cleaved caspase 3 (P<0.05) protein expression and TGF-β1 mRNA (P<0.05) expression were reduced after jujuboside A administration. CONCLUSION Jujuboside A can prevent glomerular cell apoptosis in diabetic rats, which may be associated with the regulation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways and TGF-β1 expression.

BACKGROUND: Apelin/APJ system has a wide range of physiological functions,but its intracellular signal transduction,in particular,apelin receptor desensitization,internalization,resensitization degradation,have still no consistent opinion.OBJECTIVE: To construct eukaryotic expression vector expressing human apelin receptor(APJ)tagged to red fluorescent protein(pDsRED-express-C1),and to determine the expression in human embryo kidney 293 cells.METHODS: The plasmid pcDNA3.1-hAPJ was used as a template for PCR amplification of human APJ.Following PCR amplification the PCR product were removed and enzymatic digestion with EcoR I and BamH I.Same enzymes were used to cut vector pDsRED-express-C1.The digestive product was ligated by conventional methods of connection,then transfected into Competent E.coli TOP10.Single clones were picked plasmid extraction,followed by restriction enzyme digestion and finally DNA sequencing.The recombinant plasmid with correct sequencing was transfected into human embryonic kidney cells,PI staining,followed by the observation under a confocal microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PCR amplified a 1.2-kb fragment,which was consistent with the expected size of the human APJ.The pDsRed-hAPJ recombinant plasmid was cut into two fragments,one corresponded to the pDsRED-express-C1 vector size,and the other fragment corresponded to APJ target fragment.Confocal microscopy analysis showed that,APJ was expressed mainly in the membrane of human embryo kidney 293 cells.The pDeRed-hAPJ eukaryotic plasmid expression vector was successfully constructed and effective expression of this fusion protein is achieved,which might be instrumental in the study of displacement and intracellular localization of human APJ.