Objective To investigate the detection results of GHB with different instruments, and to provide reliable basis for improving the accuracy of GHB detection. Methods ADVIA 1650 biochemical analyzer and HA-8160 glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer were used. The accurate detection of glycosylated hemoglobin in 100 healthy people was carried out, and the related data were recorded and analyzed statistically. Attention should be paid to this group according to glycosylated hemoglobin detection value, that is, within 6.5％ for A group, 6.5％-10.0％ for B group, more than 10％ for C group, and compare the above-mentioned different grouping of corresponding instrument glycosylated hemoglobin detection value. Results The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups of C instrument glycosylated hemoglobin levels, but the level of glycosylated hemoglobin detected by A in group HA-8160 and group B was significantly higher than that of ADVIA 1650(P<0.05). Conclusion Different instruments have some differences in the detection value of glycosylated hemoglobin. Clinicians should judge the disease comprehensively according to the actual situation and other indicators.

Objecfive To investigate the change of V-ATPase B subunits on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)in rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) stimulated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Methods NRK52E cells were stimulated by TGF-β1 (10 μg/L)for O h(control),12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h after sefrum-free culture for 24 h.The mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin,α-SMA,B2 and B1 subunits of V-ATPase were detected by real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results After stimulated by TGF-β1 (10 μg/L)for 48 h,the expression of α-SMA was markedly increased(P<0.05),but the expression of E-cadherin was dramatically decreased(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the expressions of V-ATPase subunit B2 was significantly increased (P<0.05).However,the B1 subunit distributed rarely in NRK 52E cells,and did not increase after TGF-β1 stimulation.Double-label immunofluoerscence staining also showed that the V-ATPase B2 subunit was increased in the cytosol.tending to accumulate to the cell membrane after TGF-β1 stimulation. Conclusions The main isoform of V-ATPase distributed in NRK52E cells is B2 subunit.B2 subunit is increased alone with TGF-β1-induced EMT.It may suggest that V-ATPase B2 subunit may play a potential role in TGF-β1-induced tubular EMT and renal fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of Q?SPECT, CTPA, Q?SPECT/CT, and Q?SPECT/CTPA for pulmonary embolism (PE) in rabbit models. Methods (1) The PE models were constructed by injecting Gelfoam into the femoral vein of New Zealand rabbits ( n=30) . Q?SPECT, CTPA, Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA fusion images were obtained by integrated SPECT/CT. (2) All images were interpreted by two experienced nuclear radiologists who were blind to pathologic findings. The locations and numbers of lung lobes with PE were recorded respectively. ( 3) Serial sectioning of the lungs was per?formed and pathologically determined. (4) Se, Sp and Ac of different methods were compared using McNemar test;PPV and NPV were compared usingχ2 test. Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency between two nuclear radiologists. Kappa values<0.40 were interpreted as poor consistency, 0.40 to 0.75 as moderate con?sistency, >0.75 as good consistency. Results (1) Histologically confirmed emboli were present in a total of 26 pulmonary lobes and absent in 79 lobes. (2)The Se, Sp, Ac, PPV, and NPV of 4 imaging methods were:53.8%(14/26), 93.7%(74/79), 83.8%(88/105), 14/19, 86.0%(74/86) for Q?SPECT;73.1%(19/26), 96.2%(76/79), 90.5%(95/105), 86.4%(19/22), 91.6%(76/83) for CTPA;76.9%(20/26), 93.7%(74/79), 89.5%(94/105), 80.0%(20/25), 92.5%(74/80)for Q?SPECT/CT;88.5%(23/26), 91.1%(72/79), 90.5%(95/105), 76.7%(23/30), 96.0%(72/75) for Q?SPECT/CTPA. (3) McNemar test showed Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA had higher diagnostic Se for the detection of PE than Q?SPECT (χ2=4.167, 7.111, both P<0.05) , but without any significant difference with CTPA in diagnostic efficiency (χ2=0-2.250, all P>0.05) . Q?SPECT/CT had higher diagnostic Ac than Q?SPECT (χ2=4.167, P<0.05) . There was no significant difference between Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA in diagnostic effi?ciency (χ2=0.001-1.333, all P>0.05). (4)Kappa values of 4 imaging methods for radiologist 1 and 2 were 0.902, 0.915, 0.973, and 0.884. Conclusions Q?SPECT/CT imaging provides good Se and Sp. The diag?nostic efficiency of Q?SPECT/CT is better than that of Q?SPECT and is corresponded roughly to the efficien?cy of CTPA, Q?SPECT/CTPA. The diagnosis of two radiologists on Q?SPECT/CT images has the best con?sistency.

OBJECTIVETo compare the adhesive strength and observe the bonding interface. According to statistic analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, the resistance capacity of four adhesive systems is evaluated.

METHODSPrime & Bond NT (PBNT), Tetric N-Bond (TNB), Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB), G Bond (GB) were bonded to the occlusal surfaces and mesial surfaces of third molars respectively. The mesial resins received shear force experiment and the fracture load were recorded. The tensile bond strength (TBS) of the remaining parts were tested. The interfacial configuration were observed under SEM.

RESULTSIn the shear bond strength (SBS) experiment, PBNT and TNB showed the best result, but there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). The SBS of PBNT was stronger than that of CSEB and GB (P<0.05). The SBS of TNB was stronger than that of GB (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between TNB and CSEB (P>0.05). In accordance with the shear force result, the TBS of PBNT and TNB was larger than CSEB and GB (P<0.05). Under SEM, resin tags of PBNT and TNB were longer and slender, the bonding layer was thick. Resin tags of CSEB were shorter, the ones of GB were the fewest and shortest.

CONCLUSIONCompared to self-etching system, total-etching system could reach better bonding strength. There is some connection between the interfacial configuration of adhesives and bond strength of them.

Adhesives ; Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Methacrylates ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; Resin Cements

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to survey the influence of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) repression to receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) expression of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) under the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

METHODSThe level of RANKL in HPDLFs stimulated by 100 ng x mL(-1), 1 microg x mL(-1) and 10 microg x mL(-1) Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS after 6, 12, 24 and 48 h was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of RANKL in HPDLFs stimulated by 1 microg x mL(-1) E. coli LPS after pretreatment with different titre anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4, anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 antibody were observed respectively.

RESULTSRANKL was detected at 6 h after stimulation with LPS, and the levels of these cytokine were highest at 24 h, and then gradually decreased. The regularity of each LPS concentration was approximately similar. After pretreatment with anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4, anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 antibody, the level of RANKL was significantly decreased under the stimulation of 1 microg x mL(-1) LPS (P<0.05). In the three groups, the expression of RANKL was significantly different (P<0.05). The level of RANKL in anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4 antibody pretreatment group was the lowest, the level in anti-TLR4 antibody pretreatment group was higher, and the level in anti-TLR2 antibody pretreatment group was the highest.

CONCLUSIONTLR2 and TLR4 participate in the process of RANKL expres-in HPDLFs induced by LPS. Anti-TLR4 antibody has better inhibition effect to RANKL expression of HPDLFs stimulated by LPS than anti-TLR2.

Escherichia coli ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Periodontal Ligament ; RANK Ligand ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression level of angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) in pancreatic cancer patients with or without diabetes and the clinical value of ANGPTL2 as a prognostic marker in patients with pancreatic cancer. MethodsSerum samples were collected from 125 pancreatic cancer patients who were treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, and Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2015 to January 2018, among whom 64 had pancreatic cancer alone and 61 had pancreatic cancer and diabetes, and 66 individuals who underwent physical examination were enrolled as control group. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of ANGPTL2, and the association of the expression level of ANGPTL2 with clinical indices, survival, and prognosis was analyzed. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between three groups, and the Bonferroni test was used for comparison between two groups. The independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between three groups and the one-way ANOVA analysis was used for comparison between two groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Spearman correlation analysis was also performed to investigate correlation. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival rate. The Cox risk model was used to perform univariate and multivariate analyses to determine independent risk factors for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. ResultsThe pancreatic cancer+diabetes group had a significantly higher serum concentration of ANGPTL2 than the pancreatic cancer group and the control group ［7.79 (7.12-8.17) ng/ml vs 5.74 (508-6.40) ng/ml and 3.72 (3.25-4.16) ng/ml, χ2=126.367, P＜0.001］. Serum ANGPTL2 concentration was positively correlated with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (r=0.560 and 0.731, both P＜0.001). The univariate analysis showed that tumor size, distant organ metastasis, degree of tumor differentiation， CEA, ANGPTL2, and HbA1c were closely associated with the long-term survival of pancreatic cancer patients, and the multivariate analysis showed that tumor size (HR=2.657,P=0.005), distant organ metastasis (HR=5.000,P=0.014), degree of tumor differentiation (HR=2.466,P=0.004), CEA(HR=1.110,P＜0.001) and ANGPTL2(HR=1.901,P=0.001) were independent risk factors for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. For all pancreatic cancer patients, the high ANGPTL2 expression group had a significantly lower 2-year survival rate than the low ANGPTL2 expression group (8.51% vs 25.81%, χ2=5.651, P=0.017). For the pancreatic cancer patients with diabetes, the high ANGPTL2 expression group had a significantly lower 2-year survival rate than the low ANGPTL2 expression group (2.20% vs 32.70%, χ2=24.895, P＜0.001).ConclusionANGPTL2 can be used as an effective clinical index to evaluate the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, especially those with diabetes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) in pancreatic cancer tissue and their association with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. MethodsHistological specimens were collected from 125 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent surgical resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, and Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2015 to January 2018. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of L1CAM and TGFβ1 in all specimens, and the association of the expression of L1CAM and TGFβ1 with clinical indices, survival, and prognosis was analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; the Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to investigate the influencing factors for the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer; the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the survival of patients with different expression levels of L1CAM and TGFβ1. ResultsThe high protein expression rate of L1CAM in pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (75.20% vs 20.00%, χ2=76.352, P＜0.001). The high protein expression rate of TGFβ1 in pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (8160% vs 23.20%, χ2=85.461, P＜0.001). The protein expression of L1CAM was positively correlated with that of TGFβ1 in pancreatic cancer (r=0.492, P＜0.001). The protein expression of L1CAM and TGFβ1 were associated with tumor size, degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, intravascular tumor thrombus, and perineural invasion (all P＜0.05). The patients with high protein expression of L1CAM or TGFβ1 had a significantly lower overall survival rate than those with low expression (χ2=54661 and 39597, both P＜0.001). ConclusionL1CAM and TGFβ1 proteins are highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissue and may be associated with poor prognosis by promoting lymphatic metastasis and hematogenous metastasis. L1CAM and TGFβ1 proteins play an important role in the development, progression, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To explore the efficacy of comprehensive community-based rehabilitation on chronic schizophrenia and assess in the view of health economy. Methods 80 chronic schizophrenic patients accepted comprehensive community-based rehabilitation for 1 year and were followed up for 1 year. Other 80 chronic schizophrenics were as the controls. They were observed with outcome and the cost. Resultsn The social function, compliance, stability rate, burden on family caregiver, satisfaction of living, psychiatric symptoms, hospitalization were all better in the rehabilitation group than in the control group (P<0.01), and the total cost in the 2 years was less, especially that on hospitalization,maintenance treatment, work loss of caregivers, public prevention (P<0.01). Conclusion Comprehensive community-based rehabilitation can improve the outcome of chronic schizophrenics with less cost.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the relationship between cytokine level and cancer cachexia on murine model, and to observe the effects of regular dose of indomethacin on cancer cachexia and survival of mice.

METHODSC57 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma were used to establish murine cancer cachexia model. The serum cytokine levels (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ) and body weight of the mice were measured at different time points before and after treatment with daily intraperioneal injection of either indomethacin (1 mg/kg) or saline.

RESULTSThe mice in cancer cachexia group had significantly higher serum levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α ( P < 0.05) and lower body weight ( P < 0.05) than those in healthy control group. Compared to saline treatment, indomethacin intervention apparently down regulated the levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α ( P < 0.05 ), and remarkably prolonged the survival of mice ( P < 0.05). No significant difference in IFN-γ level was observed between cancer cachexia and healthy control groups ( P > 0.05), as well as between indomethacin and saline groups ( P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that serum IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α are possibly associated with cancer cachexia, however, IFN-γ seems to be irrelevant. Indomethacin may potentially ameliorate cancer cachexia through down-regulating levels of cytokines.