Purpose:To discuss the functional neck dissection preserving cervical plexus in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer.Methods:15 cases of papillary thyroid cancer underwent functional neck dissection while preserving the cervical plexus. Results:Localization of positive lymph nodes were Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ. The rate of neck node involvement of Ⅵ (+) is 57. 1%. No impairment of sensation of ears and lower necks and upper shoulders were found in the 15 patients. Conclusions:Indications:1.N 0 patients with papillary thyroid cancers. 2.N+ patients with papillary thyroid cancers whose metastatic lymph nodes are limited to level Ⅳ, or lymph nodes of parajugular are small (

Purpose:To study the clinic characteristic, diagnosis and therapy of hereditary nonpolypoid colorectal cancer.Methods:We analysed the diagnosis, therapy and follow up of hereditary nonpolypoid colorectal cancer in 32 cases from 11 families by studying the tumour site, pathologic results. Results:There were 43 cancer patients having 61 tumours in 11 families, and 32 cases were intestinal cancer with 39 tumours. In these 32 cases, there were 12 hereditary nonpolypoid colorectal cancer (37.5), and 5 cases were intestinal cancer (15.6). We examined the patients and their direct relatives and found 28 people had various cancer, of which 20 cases without any complaint. Conclusions:Hereditary nonpolypoid colorectal cancer is a dominant hereditary disease, with the characteristic of early flare up,prone to upper colon. They are always non contemporary polygeneous cancer or contemporary polygeneous cancer, and prone to take place outside of colon. So it is important not only for patients to be treated and followed up but also for their relatives to be instructed and followed up. We must study the disease history in details. [

The cultivation of mental health nurses in the United States is unique. This article summarizes the educational requirements, training objectives, curriculum settings, teaching forms, and clinical practice of the mental health nursing talents at all levels in America, including undergraduates, masters, doctors of nursing practice, and doctors of nursing philosophy, aiming to provide references for the cultivation of mental health nursing talents in our country.

Objective:This study aims to investigate Mental health nurses′ perceptions of patient safety culture in different levels of hospitals, so as to provide the basis for understanding the perceptions of patients' safety culture among psychiatric nurses in different levels of hospitals.Methods:The self-designed general data questionnaire and the Hospital Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire were used to collect and analyze the data of 2 624 psychiatric nurses from level 3, level 2 and Level 1 hospitals in the seven administrative regions of China.Results:The scores of nurses in primary and secondary hospitals were 132.74±1.35 and 151.99±1.74, lower than 154.76±1.85 in tertiary hospitals ( χ2 value was 19.228, P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the non-punitive response to error, feedback and communications about error, communication openness, hospital management support for patient safety, and frequency of events reported, overall perception of patient safety among psychiatric nurses at different levels of hospitals ( χ2 value was 7.997-37.681, P<0.05). Conclusions:The mental health nurses′ perceptions of patient safety culture in different levels of hospitals need to be improved, and hospital managers at all levels should focus on the non-punitive response to errors and personnel allocation. In addition, managers of primary and secondary hospitals also need to strengthen the training of nurses in such dimensions as feedback and communication of errors, openness of communication, management support for patient safety, frequency of adverse event reports, and overall sense of patient safety.