Objective To explore the value of ultrasound in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pancreatic mucinous cystade‐noma and serous cystadenoma .Methods Data of tumor features of sixty seven cases of pancreatic cystadenoma ultrasonographic was retrospectively analyzed .The tumor location ,tumor size ,tumor boundary ,tumor shape ,cavity number and calcification were re‐corded .Then all the data was statistically analyzed .Results Pancreatic cystadenoma occured mostly in middle‐aged women ,there was no significant difference between pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma and serous cystadenoma of the pancreas in age ,gender ,le‐sion location ,lesion size ,shape ,boundary ,cystic wall ,cystic wall nodules(P>0 .05) ,while there were significant differences in with and without clinical symptoms ,cavity number ,diameter of the largest cyst and calcification(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Ultrasonic man‐ifestations of pancreatic cystadenoma has certain characteristics ,when there are clinical symptoms ,cavity number is less than 6 , maximum sac diameter is bigger than 2 cm and there is marginal calcification ,it tends to mucinous cystadenoma;when there is no clinical symptoms ,cavity number is equal to or more than 6 ,maximum sac diameter is equal to or smaller than 2 cm and there is cen‐tral calcification ,it tends to serous cystadenoma .

Objective To investigate the conventional ultrasonic and elastographic characteristics of papillary thyroid micro-carcinomas(PTMC) suffered in normal and Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT).Methods A total of 227 patients with 249 nodules that were confirmed by surgery or biopsy were included in this study.The cases were divided into normal group and HT group.All patients underwent conventional ultrasound and elastography (static pressure).The sonographic characteristics and strain ratio (SR) value were evaluated.Results In the normal group,the ratio between male and female was 1 ∶ 2.9,while in HT group,it was 1 ∶ 11,which was significant different between the two group (P =0.002).Sonographic characteristics that had no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞0.05) include:boundary,shape,vertical and horizontal ratio,halo,echogenicity,calcification,posterior shadowing,vascularity on color Doppler ultrasonography.The strain ratio value was statistically different between the two groups (P =0.034),with 3.44 ± 1.03 in normal group and 3.13 ± 1.13 in HT group.Conclusions The conventional ultrasonographic features of PTMC were similar in both normal thyroid and HT.However,females suffering HT were more susceptible to PTMC,and the strain ratio value of PTMC concomitant HT decreased.

This paper sets out to summarize the literatures based on immobilized enzyme biochromatography and its application in inhibitors screening in the last decade.In order to screen enzyme inhibitors from a mass of compounds in preliminary screening,multi-pore materials with good biocompatibility are used for the supports of immobilizing enzymes,and then the immobilized enzyme reactor applied as the inmobilized enzyme stationary phase in HPLC.Therefore,a technology platform of high throughput screening is gradually established to screen the enzyme inhibitors as new anti-tumor drugs.Here,we briefly summarize the selective methods of supports,immobilization techniques,co-immobilized enzymes system and the screening model.

The sonographic features of male breast lesions, which underwent ultrasound examination in our hospital for the past 10 years, were retrospectively analyzed. Sonographic features of these lesions were standardized as BI RADS image lexicon. The differences in ultrasonic malignant signs were assessed between the benign and the malig nant diseases. Between the two groups, incomplete boundary was statistically different. The specificity was above 95% within the two groups in terms of speculated margin, echogenic halo, calcification, axillary lymphadenopathy, thickening of skin and eccentric of mass to the nipple. High-frequency sonographic examination has a high level of differential diagnosis for male breast lesions.
Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms, Male ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

Objective To set up an objective criterion for BI-RADS assessment.Methods The breast sonograms of 1 938 female cases were retrospectively studied which had been confirmed by pathology from January to September 2011 and 2012 January.1 660 cases during 2011 were model cases,and the importance of each single feature in distinguishing between benign and malignant was obtained with Chi square and OR value.A detailed criterion of BI-RADS assessment category was set up based on US-BI-RADS.Results Eighteen of 24 lexicons were statistically significant distinguished between benign and malignant breast masses(P ＜ 0.05).The lexicons were divided into major suspicious signs,middle ones and minor ones assigned 3 points,2 points and 1 point,and a scoring model was established as follows:Score =3 * (X1 + X2 + … + X6) + 2 * (X7 + X8 + … + X12) + (X9 + X10 + … + X18).Based on BI-RADS,the positive predictive value of model cases was 1.5％,6.9％,22.1％,62.5％,96.1％ followed by category 3,4A,4B,4C and 5,and it was 1.4％,3.4％,21.1％,69.4％,92.7％ in test cases.Conclusions The scoring model could be useful for BI-RADS final assessment more objectively,and could make it more convenient to predict the risk of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study was to analyse the significant of low frequency air-bone gap in enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) patients according to the pure tone audiogram and the benefit for clinic diagnosis of the EVA. METHOD: The audiology testing include (1) play audiometry or pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, middle ear muscle reflex thresholds and stapedius muscle reflex; (2) High-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of the temporal bone and magnetic resonance imaging was used for diagnoses the EVA. RESULT: All the 78 patients (154 ears) were diagnosed as the typical EVA by CT or MRI. Inner ear malformations were found in 3 ears otherwise the structures of middle ear in all the patients were absolutely normal. The audiology analysis showed 154 ears were type A tympanogram including 126 ears with typical A, 25 ears with As, 3 ears with Ad type. In the 250 Hz pure-tone test:A-B gap were observed in 126 ears(126/154,81. 8%) with the different hearing loss degree: 1 ear mild, 11 ears moderate, 19 ears moderate severe, 40 ears severe and 53 ears profound. In the 500 Hz pure-tone test: A-B gap were found in 102 ears(102/154, 66. 2%) with the different hearing loss degree: 9. ears moderate, 17 ears moderate severe, 35 ears severe and 41 ears profound. CONCLUSION Our study suggested a 66. 2% -81. 8% possibilities to find the EVA through the pure-tone audiometry firstly in the basis of the normal tympanograms with the significant A-B gap.
Acoustic Impedance Tests ; Adolescent ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; Vestibular Diseases ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of group teaching of Third Hospital of Peking University (Beijing Medical Third Hospital) for a hospital located in remote area. Methods From 2016 to 2017, 19 medical staff from Peking University Third Hospital gave their support to Huanxian People's Hospital and provided respectively the theoretical support, guidance of clinical skills, medical consultation, free paid clinic, outpatient service, and teaching rounds, etc. A questionnaire survey was carried out to realize the subjective evaluation of the 155 clinical front-line staff who had participated in the class regarding the effect of group teaching and the most welcome teaching mode and contents; the objective data on the monthly outpatient visits, number of patients admitted into the hospital, the number of surgical patients, etc were calculated and compared between the pre-support (2014 to 2015) and post-support (2016 to 2017) period to evaluate the effect of counterpart support. Results One hundred and fourteen of the 155 medical staff in their respective departments were trained by the experts, and the percentage of medical staff believed that the counterpart support helped clinical work very much accounting for [58.8% (67/114)] being significantly higher than those who considered of no help [9.6% (11/114)], a little help [16.7% (19/114)] and some help [14.9% (17/114), χ2= 94.082, P = 0.000]; after support, the number of monthly outpatient visits compared to that of pre-support period (case times:43 816.5±3 406.9 vs. 37 319.5±4 302.1) and the number of monthly patients hospitalized compared to that of pre-support period (case times: 2 978.3±235.1 vs. 2 250.9±218.1) were significantly higher than those before the support (all P < 0.05), no statistical significant difference in monthly surgery volume (case times: 449.8±107.3 vs. 459.0±85.4, P > 0.05) between the above 2 periods was seen. The survey showed that the mostly demanding teaching method was theoretical teaching [65.8% (102/155)], followed by teaching rounds [50.3% (78/155)] and outpatient teaching the least [18.1% (28/155)]. That the ratios of various teaching contents with their sequence from high to low the medical personnel required were as follows: to learn new technologies [76.8% (119/155)], medical frontier knowledge [68.4% (106/155)], and standard diagnosis and treatment manipulations [67.7% (105/155)], cultivation of clinical thinking [66.5% (103/155)] and passing on surgical skills [56.1% (87/155)]. There were statistical significant differences between each teaching method and teaching content (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Teaching to cultivate qualified health personnel is the key to the development of hospitals located in remote areas, according to their needs, combining local conditions and the establishment of long-term cooperation mechanisms, we can comprehensively improve the professional quality of medical personnel and the overall strength of hospitals located in remote areas.

Objective:To investigate the application of 3.0T high resolution magnetic resonance imaging(HR-MRI)in acute ischemic stroke(AIS)and the influence factors of prognosis.Methods:A total of 92 AIS patients who underwent treatment in Hainan General Hospital from January 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects.All patients were treated by thrombolytic therapy,and they were divided into favorable prognosis group(mRS scores≤2 points,n=66)and poor prognosis group(mRS score>2 points,n=26)according to modified Rankin Scale after they received 90d treatment.All of patients underwent Magnetom Trio type of 3.0 T HR-MRI examination within 1 week after they hospitalized,and the changes of luminal stenosis rate,the luminal area at the narrowest point,the plaque load,T2WIsignal intensity index,T1WI signal intensity index,plaque enhancement rate and other parameters were compared.The receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was adopted to analyze the predictive value of 3.0T HR-MRI parameters on the AIS prognosis.Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors that affected the prognosis of AIS patients.Results:The difference of infarction diameter between two groups was statistically significant(x2=6.574,P<0.05).The lumen area at the narrowest point in the poor prognosis group was significantly lower than that in the favorable prognosis group,while the T2WI signal intensity index,T1WI signal intensity index and plaque enhancement rate in the poor prognosis group were significantly higher than those in the favorable prognosis group(t=-3.378,4.443,4.413,3.890,P<0.05),respectively.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC)values of T2WI signal intensity index,T1WI signal intensity index,lumen area at the narrowest point and plaque enhancement rate in predicting the AIS prognosis were respectively 0.743,0.739,0.706 and 0.748.The Logistic regression analysis showed that infarction diameter>3.0cm,T1WI signal intensity index,T2WI signal intensity index,lumen area at the narrowest point and plaque enhancement rate were respectively independent risk factors that could affect AIS prognosis(OR=3.889,257.151,105.073,4.091,1.121,P<0.05).Conclusion:3.0T HR-MRI has higher efficiency in the assessment for the prognosis of patients with AIS,which can provide guidance for the judgement of prognosis and the formulation of treatment scheme through observes the changes of a series of parameters include T2WI signal strength index,T1WI signal strength index,the lumen area at the narrowest point,plaque enhancement rate.The above parameters are risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients,which often represent the progress of patients'conditions.

Abstract Objective　To observe the dynamic changes of hippocampus microstructure in patients with cerebral infarction within the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with cortex involvement,thus exploring the relationship between these changes and the changes in semantic memory function.Methods　Twenty-two patients with acute subcortical infarction were assessed for cognitive function,structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 1,4,and 12 weeks (W) respectively.A total of 22 gender and age matched subjects were enrolled as healthy controls.Results　Bilateral hippocampal volume did not change significantly during the entire follow-up period.Spearman’s rank correlations showed that percent decreases in immediate recall and long-delay recall scores correlated negatively with percent increases in mean diffusivity (MD) values in the ipsilateral hippocampus (immediate,rs=0.683,P=0.006; long-delay,rs=-0.602,P=0.013).Conclusion　In patients with cerebral infarction within the territory of the MCA with cortex involvement,the microstructural integrity of the hippocampus may be damaged before the macrostructure changes,and these changes may be related to the decline of semantic memory.

Objective:To explore the technique and clinical effects of free medial plantar flap on reconstruction of the severe defect of thumb caused by electric burn.Methods:Surgical techniques and clinical effects were explored in reconstruction with free medial plantar flap for treatment of severe electric burns of thumbs. From July 2016 to July 2021, 18 patients suffered from severe electric burns of thumbs were admitted in the Department of Burn, Zhengzhou First People's Hospital. All the wounds were the entrance of electric burns. After thorough debridement, the arteries, nerves, tendons, phalanges and interphalangeal joints were exposed to various degrees. Damaged digital proper palmar arteries were ligated and defected proper palmar digital nerves were marked and further anastomosed with the nerves carried by the flap. Palmaris longus tendon grafts were employed to reconstruct the defects of flexor pollicis longus tendon. Wounds were closed by transfer of free medial plantar flaps, and the flap donor sites were closed by inguinal skin grafts. Survival of the flap was observed 1 week after surgery, and the survival of the skin graft in the foot donor site 12 days after surgery. Outpatient follow-up including observation of the appearance and texture of the flap, evaluation of sensory function, thumb alignment and finger flexion according to the Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association. Evaluate the scar hyperplasia in the foot donor site and the standing and walking functions of the donor foot.Results:All flaps survived,at 1 week after surgery. On the 12th day after surgery, all 16 foot flap survived, and 2 patients had local necrosis, and the necrosis healed completely after dressing change for 10 days, the wound healed completely. Among them, 3 patients without tendon transfer experienced a rupture of the flexor pollicis longus tendon at 2 months after surgery, and underwent another palmaris longus tendon transfer. After the surgery, functional exercise was performed with the palm and flexor fingers. After 6-12 months of follow-up, the blood supply, appearance, and texture of the flap were good and similar to that of the palmar skin of the thumb, with varying degrees of recovery in sensation. The TPD was 6-11 mm, and the thumb was restored to varying degrees. According to the Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 13 cases in excellent and 5 cases in good. Mild scar hyperplasia remains in the flap site of donor feet, which does not affect the standing and walking functions of the donor foot.Conclusion:The texture of medial plantar skin is similar to that of palmar skin, with good wear resistance and good sensation. Furthermore, it causes a little damage to the donor site and without obvious complication. The medial plantar flap is ideal for reconstruction of a severe wound caused by electric burn in thumb.