Objective To investigate the myocardial protective effect of adenosine preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients who were undergone valve replacement during cardiac pulmonary bypass.Methods 42 patients scheduling for valve replacement operation were divided randomly into two groups:experiment group(n=23) and control group(n=19).Adenosine preconditioning were performed in experiment group before cardiac pulmonary bypass.To estimate the plasma level of cardiotroponin I (cTnI),creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB ),radialis arterial blood was drown at following time points respectively: before operation,30 minutes before and after aortic clamp,1 hour and 3 hours after aortic opened.Meanwhile the rate of heart spontaneous rebeating,defibrillation,arrhythmia and cardiac inotropic agents used and its duration were recorded.Results The elevated range of plasm cTnI and CK-MB in experiment group were obviously lower than that in control group.In experiment group,the rate of heart spontaneous rebeating were higher,but the frequency of defibrillation,arrhythmia and the cardiac inotropic agents used and its duration were lower than those of control group.Conclusion Adenosine preconditioning has notable clinical protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergone valve replacement during cardiac pulmonary bypass.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of navebine(NVB) given by continuous infusion plus cisplatin combination therapy in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.Methods 60 patients with advanced breast cancer were enrolled in this study.The type of his to pathologyis invasive ductal carcinoma.19 patients had no previous chemotherapy but 21 cases received chemotherapy containing ADM.26 patients had ≥2 metasta-ticsites.All the patients received vinorelbine according to the following doses chedule:10mg bolus followed by 10mg by continuous infusion over 24 hours every 5 days every 3 weeks.Results 60 patients were evaluable for response.A total of 131 cycles were administered.The lverall response rate was 41.6%(3 patients achieved a complete response and 22 patients achieved a partial response).The median over all survival was 35 weeks and the median duration of response was 19 weeks.The dose limiting toxicity was marrow-suppression.Neutropenia was in 43% patients(31% was grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ).Thrombo-cytopenia and anemia were mild.Conclusion A highe rsponse is obtained in advanced breast cancer treated by continuous intravenous NVB infusion with tolerable toxicity and deserve further revaluation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the root diameter of Angelica sinensis and its early bolting rate, and to decrease the bolting rate. Methods The seedling transplanting of A. sinensis with various root diameters was used to study the bolting rate and yield. Results Bolting plants can be observed in the field at June and the period from June to July is the bolting heyday. The bolting rate was the highest, up to 94.65%, in the treatment of root diameter ≥ 0.86 cm. However, it was only 1.63% in the treatment of root diameter ≤ 0.35 cm on Oct. 2nd. In the treatment of root diameter ≤ 0.35 cm, the seedling rate was only 33.62%, while in the treatment of root diameter ≥ 0.86 cm, the seedling rate was the highest, up to 95.75%, but the harvest seedling number was only 6 395 plant/hm2. In the treatment of root diameter of 0.46—0.55 cm, the harvest seedling number was 68 398 plant/hm2, which was significantly higher than other treatments. The highest yield appeared in the treatment of root diameter in 0.46—0.55 cm of transplanting seedling, the fresh and dry yields of A. sinensis were 5 717.58 kg/hm2 and 1 554.98 kg/hm2, respectively. Conclusion The seedlings with root diameter in the range of 0.46—0.65 cm should be selected to transplant in practice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ulinastatin on the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods One hundred and thirty-five male adult SpragueDawley rats,weighing 230-280 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =45 each):sham operation group (S group),I/R group and ulinastatin group (group U).The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 3.5 ml/kg.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 repeffusion.In U group,ulinastatin 100000 U/kg was injected immediately after beginning of reperfusion,while the equal volume of normal saline was injected in S and I/R groups.The rats were sacrificed at 6,24 and 48 h of repeffusion and brains were removed for determination of infract volume (by TTC),brain water content and expression of AQP4 (by immunohistochemistry) in brain tissues.Results Compared with S group,the infarct volume and brain water content were significantly increased,and the expression of AQP4 was up-regulated at each time point in I/R and U groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with I/R group,the infarct volume and brain water content were significantly decreased,and the expression of AQP4 was down-regulated at each time point in U group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which ulinastatin mitigates focal cerebral I/R injury is related to down-regulation of AQP4 expression in brain tissues.

Objective: To explore the expression and gene amplification status of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in the different stages of invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma. Methods:Tumor tissues from 49 patients with different stages of invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma were tested by immunohistochemical staining for HER2 and HER2 gene fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results:The number of male patients was higher than that of females. The positive rate of HER2 protein expression was higher in the patients with the higher stage of invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma. However, no gene amplification was observed in all patients. Twelve patients had ployploid chromosome 17. More ployploids were observed in the patients with the higher stage of inva-sive urothelial bladder carcinoma. Conclusion:The increase in the protein expression of HER2 in the invasive urothelial bladder carci-noma patients was not caused by gene amplification. Other transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms were probably involved in the regulation of the HER2 protein.

Objective To study the effects of cultivation methods on growth dynamics in the aerial part and root of Angelica sinensis and Ditylenchus destructor, rate of early bolting, and yield of A. sinensis as well. Methods Compared with conventional planting, ridge planting, furrow planting, white plastic mulch coverage, and black plastic mulch coverage were used to evaluate the effects of cultivation methods on dry matter accumulating and growth dynamics of A. sinensis. Results The influence of black plastic mulch coverage to growth dynamics of A. sinensis is the biggest, next for white plastic mulch coverage. There is the best inhibition to D. destructor under ridge planting. Black plastic mulch coverage can enhance the rate of early bolting. The treatment of black plastic mulch coverage has the highest yield, which can increase the yield by 33.4% (4 650 kg/hm2) compared to conventional planting; next for the treatment of white plastic mulch coverage, which increased the yield by 24.3% (3 372.2 kg/hm2) compared to conventional planting. But there were no significant effects of ridge planting and furrow planting on increasing yield. Conclusion The cultivation methods of black plastic mulch coverage should be brought into wide use in A. sinensis cultivation.

Objective To establish the dissolution curves test method of Ribavirin capsules, and investigate dissolution behavior of domestic Ribavirin capsules.To provide experimental basis for generic drugs quality consistency evaluation.Methods According to the first dissolution method (basket method)stated in appendix Ⅹof Chinese Pharmacopeia(2010 edition),the rotation speed was 50 r/min with dissolution medium volume of 900 mL.The dissolution profiles of Ribavirin capsules in four different mediums( pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution,pH 4.5 acetic buffer,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer and water) were determined by HPLC.The determination was performed on C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 4 g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution(pH adjusted to 5.0 ±0.05 using 5% sodium hydroxide solution)-acetonitrile(98:2)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 225 nm,and sample size was 10μL.Results The linear range of ribavirin was 2.5-200μg/mL(r=1).RSD of precision and stability tests were lower than 0.5%.The average recoveries were 101.3%, 100.7%, 100.2%, 100.4% in four mediums.Dissolution behavior of capsules can be more consistent and rapid dissolution in pH4.5 and pH6.8 mediums.But they were quite different in pH1.2 and water mediums, and some of their average dissolution at 15 min could not reach 85%.Conclusion This method is accurate and reliable.There is a difference between domestic Ribavirin capsules dissolution behavior, and the formulation processes have room for improvement.

BACKGROUND: Results from clinical trials suggested that clopidogrel and ticlopidine had side effects of granulopenia, and aspirin could inhibit endothelial progenitor cell proliferation. There is no report of effects of these drugs on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in stem cell transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of antiplatelet drugs including clopidogrel, ticlopidine and aspirin on hBMSC proliferation and secretion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytology in vitro observation was performed at the Laboratory of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention from March to December 2006.MATERIALS: The second passage of hBMSCs was kindly donated from Shanghai Tissue Engineering Research & Development Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital. Clopidogrel (Lot number J20040006) and ticlopidine (Lot number H19980186) were obtained from Hangzhou Sanofi-Synthelabo Minsheng Pharmaceutical CO., Ltd. Aspirin (Lot number 20050059) was obtained from Bayer Vital GmbH. METHODS: The standard culture medium consisted of DMEM-LG, 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. After being cultured in vitro expanded out to passage 6, hBMSCs were treated with antiplatelet drugs of different concentrations and compared with control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell proliferation was assessed by 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol -2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay, level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of culture medium was detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA), and surface antigens of hBMSCs were analyzed by the flow cytometry. RESULTS: A570 values of hBMSCs treated by clopidogrel or ticlopidine of 0.02,0.1,0.4,2,10,40 μmol/L were higher than control group (P < 0.01), while A570 values of aspirin group of 60, 600, 2 000 μmol/L were lower than control group(P < 0.05). Antiplatelet drugs had no obvious effect on cell surface antigens(CD34, CD105, CD106)expressed by hBMSCs. Treated by high dose clopidogrel or ticlopidine (40 μmol/L), VEGF level from hMSCs was lower than that of control group(P < 0.01), but VEGF level of low dose (0.02 μmol/L) ticlopidine group was higher than control group(P < 0.01), and there was no significantly difference of VEGF level among low dose clopidogrel group (0.02 μmol/L), aspirin group (5, 2 000 μmol/L), and control group(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Clopidogrel and ticlopidine improve proliferation of hBMSCs, but aspirin inhibits proliferation of hBMSCs. High dose of clopidogrel and ticlopidine suppress VEGF secretion of hBMSCs, while low dose of ticlopidine promote it. Antiplatelet drugs have no obvious effect on hBMSCs differentiation.

Eleven patients with small or comminuted displaced tibial avulsion fractures of posterior cruciate ligament admitted in the Department of Orthopaedics,Second Affiliated Hospital,Fujian Medical University between January 2003 and January 2008 were selected.With diameter of 4.0 mm,the length of 35 mm or 40 mm cancellous bone screw,and internal diameter of 4.0 mm spiked washer was implanted for fixation.For cases of large comminuted facture,two cancellous bone screws and spiked washer were used.Postoperatively,the limb was immobilizated in a cast plaster at a 30 degrees flexion for 2-4 weeks,followed by active exercise rehabilitation.All 11 patients were followed up with an average of 18 months(ranged 7 to 36 months).No electrolysis,corrosion reaction to metal material,or allergic response to the spiked washer were detected in patients.At 2 months,all patients achieved bony union,no fragment redisplacement,no knee laxity or instability was detected,and the affected knees regained full range of motion.The knee function was significantly improved.

Objective To observe the mortality of fragile hip fractures and evaluate the death-associated risk factors.Methods 100 men and 186 women aged 50 to 97 (mean,77.09± 10.65) years old who had fragile hip fracture over 50 years old from 2010 to 2012 were followed up,and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Three months,one year and the total mortality of following time were calculated.Mortality-related risk factors were evaluated including age,gender,and surgery,duration from injury to operation,pulmonary infection,number and kind of complications.Results The 286 patients were followed up between 6 months and 42 months,with 21.42±9.88 months in average.The three month mortality was 7.69％,the patients who were followed up over one year were 231 cases,the one year mortality was 16.02％,and the total mortality of following time was 17.48％.The mortality was associated with age,gender,surgery,duration from injury to operation,number of complications,pre-injury cardiovascular disease and respiratory system diseases,and pulmonary infection.A Binary Logistic Regression analysis revealed that the independent risk factors affecting the mortality included age (OR=5.385,P=0.003),surgery (OR=21.217,P=0.000),number of complications (OR=9.038,P=0.000),pre-injury cardiovascular disease (OR=3.201,P=0.041).Conclusion The early mortality of fragile hip fractures was high and was associated with many risk factors.Age,surgery,number of complications and pre-injury cardiovascular disease were the independent risk factors affecting the mortality of fragile hip fractures.The positive treatment with complications,early surgery in condition allowed,can lower the early mortality.