Objective To evaluate the effect of carbon fiber couch on dose distribution of radiotherapy planning and verification pass rate.Methods Establishing the carbon fiber treatment couch model in Pinnacle8.0m Treatment Planning system (TPS),and then this model was used to correct dose calculations of oblique fields in the treatment plans of 10 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,10 cases of breast cancer and 10 cases of lung cancer and evaluate the effect of carbon fiber couch on the whole dose distribution of the plans.Then these plans were measured by three-dimensional dose verification equipment Delta4 to confirm the improvement extent of Gamma pass rate after considering the carbon fiber treatment couch.Results For the majority of plans,when the carbon fiber couch was taken into consideration,the target doses was significantly reduced (4772 cGy-7266 cGy vs.4859 cGy-7347 cGy,P=0.000-0.002) and the relative deviation of D95 was 1％ to 3％.Measurement results of Delta4 showed that Gamma pass rate (3 mm/3％ criteria) increased in all plans (96.4％-98.8％ vs.93.4％-97.3％,P =0.000),some of that were up to 5 percentage when the couch model was applied.Conclusions Target doses will be overestimated if the treatment couch is ignored in TPS measurement.,However it should arouse enough attention when the disease with smaller doses corresponding gradient.

Objective Investigate the therapeutic strategies of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ( HOCM ) com-bined with mitral regurgitation(MR).Methods From January 2014 to January 2017, 34 patients with HOCM complicated with moderate to severe MR were enrolled.All patients underwent modified Morrow surgery.Compare the clinical data of pa-tients before and after surgery and the results of one year after surgery .Results There is no patient died during hospitaliza-tion, and all were discharged smoothly without serious complications ( ventricular septal perforation, complete atrioventricular block, etc.) .Results of echocardiography 1 week after surgery suggested: Left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference [(93.36 ±7.93) mmHg vs.(16.73 ±2.02) mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, P<0.01], left ventricular outflow tract velocity[(472.40 ±22.12)cm/s vs.(188.40 ±14.16)cm/s, P<0.01], interventricular septal thickness [(19.43 ±0.77) mm vs.(16.45 ±0.76) mm, P<0.01], mitral valve structure and function were good, and MR area [(8.41 ±0.69)cm2 vs. (3.04 ±0.73)cm2, P<0.01], all of which were significantly lower than that before surgery, and the differences were statis-tically significant.Although the results of echocardiography 1 week after surgery indicated that the left ventricular ejection frac-tion(LVEF) was significantly lower than that before surgery(0.67 ±0.07 vs.0.65 ±0.07, P=0.01), the symptoms of the patients were significantly improved, and the cardiac function(NYHA classification) was grade I～II.The results of echocar-diography after 1 year of follow-up suggested that: Left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference [(93.36 ±7.93) mmHg vs.(16.98 ±2.33) mmHg, P<0.01], left ventricular outflow tract velocity [(472.40 ±22.12)cm/s vs.(189.33 ±14.23) cm/s, P<0.01], ventricular septal thickness [(19.43 ±0.77) mm vs.(16.55 ±0.83) mm, P <0.01], mitral valve structure and function well, MR area [(8.41 ±0.69) cm2 vs.(2.95 ±0.66) cm2, P<0.01], and the MR area was signifi-cantly decreased compared with that before operation .The difference was statistically significant .Results of echocardiography 1 week and 1 year after surgery suggest:Left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference [(16.73 ±2.02) mmHg vs.(16.98 ± 2.33) mmHg, P>0.05], left ventricular outflow tract velocity [(188.40 ±14.16)cm/s vs.(189.33 ±14.23)cm/s, P>0.05], ventricular septal thickness [(16.45 ±0.76) mm vs.(16.55 ±0.83) mm, P>0.05], MR area [(3.04 ±0.73) cm2 vs.(2.95 ±0.66) cm2, P>0.05], no statistical significance.One year after the operation, the symptoms and quality of life were significantly improved .Conclusion Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy often combined with mitral regurgita-tion, modified Morrow operation can fully clear the left ventricular outflow tract, which can eliminate MR and SAM signs, and the results are satisfactory.

Objective To study the clinical value of intraoperative epicardial echocardiography ( IEE) in assessing graft-left anterior descending artery ( LAD ) of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting ( OPCABG) . Methods IEE was used to detecte graft vessels anastomosis in 53 patients with OPCABG-LAD . Two-dimensional grey ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound was used to show whether there was abnormal echo in proximal and distal lumen , measuring diameter and rate of stenosis . Pulse Doppler ultrasound was used to observe the blood flow spectrum . Intraoperative transient blood flow meter (TTFM) was employed to measure the pulsatility index and flow volume . Results Among the 53 patients with OPCABG-LAD ,38 cases were left internal mammary artery graft (LIMA) ,15 cases were saphenous vein graft (GSV) . Pulsatility index and flow volume showed normal by TTFM . The detection rates of graft vessels-LAD anastomosis in proximal and distal segment were 100％ using IEE , including 10 cases anastomotic plaques and 10 cases proximal plaques . Comparison of blood flow parameter of graft by IEE and TTFM in operation ,there was no significant difference in LIMA grafts ( P =0 .091) ,but the correlation was statistically significant ( r = 0 .809 , P < 0 .001 ) ;the difference in GSV grafts had no statistical significance ( P = 0 .821 ) ,but the correlation was statistically significant ( r = 0 .684 , P = 0 .005 ) . Conclusions IEE clearly displays the lumen of graft vessel and LAD ,and measures the hemodynamic indexes . It provides an intuitive ,accurate and convenient method for detecting the patency of the graft vessels during OPCABG .

Objective To compare the the levels of serum adipose factors and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in patients with stable coronary artery disease ( SCAD ) and different body mass index (BMI). Methods From August 2011 to December 2013, seventy-nine patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD,n＝79) undergone coronary angiography and controls with matched age and sex (n＝80) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University with stable coronary heart disease with normal body mass and obesity confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG) were selected,and eighty non CHD patients confirmed by age and sex matched by CAG were selected as the control group. According to the body mass index ( BMI) and the diagnosis of coronary heart disease,the subjects were divided into normal group (n＝40,BMI＝18. 5-24 kg/m2), obesity group (n＝40,weight≥28 kg/m2),SCAD group (n＝39) and obesity SCAD group (n＝39). The levels of TNF-α,HMW-APN,Irisin,FGF-21,GLP-1,Apelin were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Results The serum GLP-1 and HMW-APN level of obesity participants was (18. 50±5. 27)ng/L, (3. 85±1. 59) mg/L,much lower than those in non-obesity participants ((20. 35±5. 5)ng/L,( 4. 57±2. 01) mg/L( P＜0. 05). The serum GLP-1 level of obesity SCAD group ((17. 59±5. 13)ng/L) was also lower than that in SCAD group ((21. 21±5. 06) mg/L) (P＜0. 05). The level of FGF-21 was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose (r＝－0. 169,P＜0. 05). Conclusion The decrease of GLP-1 level was associated with obesity and stable coronary heart disease. Irisin,FGF-21 and Apelin were found to have no predictive value for obese patients with stable coronary heart disease

Objective:To assess the clinical characteristics and grafts status by coronary angiography(CAG) in symptomatic patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).Methods:A retrospective descriptive study of symptomatic patients with prior CABG who underwent CAG was performed, 1 136 patients were included and analyzed. The mean age was(62.5±8.7) years, 76.4% were male. There was a high prevalence of risk factors like hypertension(75.0%), dyslipidemia(48.2%), diabetes(46.1%) and smoking history(62.8%).Results:The mean duration after CABG was (4.65±3.39) years. 94.5% of patients had chest pain. 12.9% of patients had all diseased grafts and 28.7% had all patent grafts. The proportion of diseased SVG was higher than that of diseased arterial grafts. The proportion of diseased grafts anastomosed to RCA territory was higher than that of grafts anastomosed to LCX territory or LAD territory. 52.5% of patients received percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) revascularization, and 88.3% of PCI was performed in native vessels.Conclusion:The most common symptom recurring to patients with prior CABG was chest pain. Graft status in symptomatic patients with prior CABG was worse than we expected. Patients received repeated revascularization mostly by PCI and PCI was mainly performed in native vessels.

Objective:To explore the perioperative effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) or CABG+ mitral valve repair(MVP) in patients with coronary heart disease(CAD) and moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation(IMR).Methods:The clinical data and perioperative complications of 210 patients with CAD and moderate IMR, who underwent CABG from January 2018 to December 2019, were included into this study, with 155 males and mean age of(62.3±8.5) years old. According to the operation mode, patients were divided into CABG group(138 cases) and CABG+ MVP group(72 cases).Results:There were no significant differences in age, gender, comorbidities(diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular events, previous history of myocardial infarction and PCI), LVEF and of coronary artery lesions between the two groups(all P>0.05). Sequential anastomosis was the main method, and most patients underwent internal mammary artery graft in both groups, there was no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). CABG group was higher than CABG+ MVP group in all-cause death, heart failure, cerebrovascular events, secondary thoracotomy, CRRT and IABP support events, but there were no significant differences between the two groups( P>0.05). Echocardiographic reexamination showed that the indexes of cardiac function in CABG+ MVP group were higher than those in CABG group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). The mean area of mitral regurgitation in CABG + MVP group was 1.3 cm 2, significantly lower than that in CABG group(2.5 cm 2), P<0.05. Conclusion:CABG+ MVP has low perioperative risk in patients with CAD and moderate IMR, and the area of mitral regurgitation is lower.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of applying quantitative flow ratio(QFR) to assess the degree of coronary artery functional stenosis before surgery, and to guide coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) revascularization strategy.Methods:The study prospectively included a total of 154 patients who were electively treated with CABG in the 11th ward of the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2019 to September 2020, and their coronary angiography visually showed stenosis of the coronary artery to perform QFR analysis to know the diseased blood vessels. For functional stenosis, the surgeon was blinded to the results of QFR analysis before surgery. Collect its baseline data, perioperative data and recent clinical outcomes for summary analysis.Results:One year later, the coronary artery CTA showed that the occlusion rate of functionally significant disease(QFR<0.8) was 5.5%, and that of non-functionally significant disease(QFR≥0.8) was 15.6%. There was no difference in angina class or repeat interventions between patients with or without occluded bypass grafts.Conclusion:According to QFR analysis, coronary arteries with functional non-significant disease have a higher risk of grafts failure than those with functionally significant disease. For coronary arteries with negative QFR lesions, the risk of occlusion of arterial grafts is higher than that of venous. However, this finding is not significantly related to clinical prognosis, because patients with patency or occlusion of the grafts in non-significant lesions have not found excessive angina pectoris or repeated coronary interventions. QFR-guided selection of coronary surgery strategies is safe and feasible.

Objective    To explore coronary angiographic characteristics in patients with symptomatic recurrence after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods    We performed a retrospective study of 997 patients with symptomatic recurrence after CABG in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2010 to 2020. There were 762 males and 235 females, with an average age of 62.41±8.70 years. Results    There was a high prevalence of risk factors like hypertension, diabetes and a history of smoking. Diseased arterial grafts accounted for 27.44% while saphenous vein graft 54.40%; 240 (24.07%) patients had all patent grafts. The main lesion characteristics of diseased grafts were chronic total occlusion lesions (79.57%). Most patients had more diseased native vessels after CABG than before. The type C coronary artery disease in native vessels relevant to ischemic area occurred in 674 (67.60%) patients; 525 (52.66%) patients with recurrent symptom after CABG had both diseased grafts and diseased native vessels. Conclusion     Graft status in patients with symptomatic recurrence after CABG is worse than we expected. The majority have newly developed lesions both in grafts and native vessels. Native vascular lesions will continue to progress after CABG.