Objective To investigate the efficacy of the clinical pathway introduced in children with Mycoplasma pneu-moniae pneumonia (MMP). Methods Based on a retrospective study, the length of hospital stay, hospital expenses and curative rate were compared between 145 MMP patients managed according to clinical pathway and other 45 MMP patients. The causes of variation were analyzed in the clinical pathway group as well. Results The length of hospital stay in clinical pathway group [9 (6~10) days] was significantly shorter than that in the control group [10 (7-12.5) days] (P=0.003). The curative rate (93.8%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (84.4%) (P=0.043). The hospital expenses [4 696.5 (3 608.3-5 677.6) CNY] was significantly higher than that in the control group [3175.3 (2490.8-4585.0) CNY] (P<0.001). The variation rate of clinical pathway was 48.3%(70/145 cases) in clinical pathway group. Conclusions The curative rate is improved and the length of hospital stay is shortened after the clinical pathway is introduced in MMP children. However, there is a high variation rate in the clinical pathway. It is necessary to optimize the clinical pathway before it is adapted in clinic.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe and critical influenza in children.Methods:The clinical data of 214 inpatient children with severe and critical influenza hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children′s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019 were retrospectively collected. The clinical characteristics including age, gender, symptoms, signs, underlying diseases, C-reactive protein (CRP), treatment and outcome of children with severe and critical influenza were compared. Chi-Square test was used for statistical analysis. A binary logistic regression model was constructed to analyze the risk factors for critically ill influenza.Results:Of the 214 children, 153 were male (71.5%), 177(82.7%) were under 5 years old. There were 52 children with underlying diseases. Fever occurred in 207 cases. Among the 54 cases that had convulsion during the course of the disease, three developed acute necrotizing encephalopathy. The influenza subtype was mainly type A, accounting for 190(88.79%). A total of 42(19.6%) children were critically ill. The incidence of critical influenza in children with underlying diseases (61.9%, 26/42) was higher than that in severe influenza children (15.1%, 26/172), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=40.175, P<0.01). The incidence of critical influenza in children with CRP≥40 mg/L was higher than that of severe influenza in children with CRP ≥40 mg/L (33.3%(14/42) vs 9.3%(16/172)), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=16.173, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression showed that underlying diseases (odds ratio ( OR)=8.794, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 3.845-20.111) and CRP ≥40 mg/L ( OR=5.050, 95% CI 1.966-12.970) were risk factors for critical influenza. All severe cases were improved and discharged.Among the 42 critically ill children, seven children died. Conclusions:Among the severe and critical influenza in children, the majority of children are under five years old.Underlying diseases and CRP ≥40 mg/L are risk factors for critical influenza.

Objectives To investigate the clinical significance of the airway inflammation mediators,eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4),in children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Methods A total of 120 inpatients with RSV bronchiolitis were classified into atopic and non-atopic groups. And 30 healthy subjects were se-lected as normal controls. Urinary LTE4 was determined by ELISA and ECP concentration in nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) was tested by UniCAP100 allergen detector. The differences among groups were compared. Results The urinary LTE4 level in atopic group (172.21 ± 67.29 pg/ml) was elevated significantly (P<0.01) than that of non-atopic group (78.21 ± 28.78 pg/ml) and control group (44.22±16.14pg/ml). Significance was also found between non-atopic and control groups (P<0.01). Statistical anal-ysis indicated that urinary LTE4 positively correlated to serum IgE and ECP in children with RSV bronchiolitis (r=0.57,0.49;P<0.01). Conclusions The level of urinary LTE4 and ECP in NPS can provide the reference for treatment and prognosis of children with RSV bronchiolitis.

Objective: Cell cycle has recently become more appealing as a new target of anti-carcinogen-ic agent. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) inhibits growth and induces call cycle G_2/M arrest in human gastric cancer BGC823 cells. Cell division cycle protein 25C (Cdc25C) and CyclinB1 expression are involved in G_2/M arrest.However, mechanisms of G_2/M arrest are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of cell cycle G_2/M arrest in human gastric cancer BGC823 cells induced by DADS. Methods: The expression of chk1 and Chk2 mRNA associated with cell cycle arrest of BGC823 cells after the induction with DADS for 1 or 2 days was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of cycle-related proteins ATM-RAD3-related gene (ATR), checkpoint kinase1 (Chk1), checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2), P-ATR, P-Chk1 and P-Chk2 was measured by Western blot. Interaction between Chk1/2 and Cdc25C was analyzed by immuno-precipitation. Results: After the cells were treated with 15 mg/L DADS for 1 or 2 days, the expression of Chk1 and Chk2 mRNA was not significantly different from that in untreated cells (P>0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression of total Chk1 and Chk2 treated with 15 mg/L DADS was not significantly different from that in untreated cells. But phospho-chk1 showed a significant increase after stimulation with 15 mg/L DADS for 2h to 12h and continued to increase gradually as time went on (P<0.05). Phospho-Chk2 showed a eak expression and a weaker expression after stimulation with DADS, but the changes were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Addition of 15 mg/L DADS to BGC823 cells for 15 rain to 120 min resulted in an increase in phospho-ATR expression, whereas no changes were found in ATR expression (P<0.05). The Chk1 Ab in-creasingly precipitated Cdc25C in BGC823 cells treated with DADS (P<0.05). In contrast, Chk2 Ab failed to change precipitation with Cdc25C by DADS (P>0.05). Conclusion: Activation of chk1 was involved in cell cy-cle G_2/M arrest in BGC823 cells treated with DADS. Cell cycle G_2/M arrest by DADS is associated with phos-phorylation of several cell cycle regulatory proteins including ATR and Chk1 which regulate expression of Cdc25C.

BACKGROUND:Oversize stress of a dental implant and its surrounding tissue is the main factor to affect the
long-term use of dental implants. So, the reasonable and precise design of implant shape is one of the important methods of prolonging the life span of dental implants.
OBJECTIVE:To make the optimal analysis and design of the diameters of connector screw and central screw of the adjustable-angle dental implant invented in the earlier stage.
METHODS: The finite element analysis model of the edentulous mandible with adjustable-angle dental implant was established by software Pro/E 5.0, Mimics 10.0 and ANSYS Workbench 14.5. The maximum equivalent
stress of dental implant-edentulous mandibular model was analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The maximum equivalent stress of dental implant-edentulous mandibular model

Objective To study the inhibitory effect and mechanism of dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues on LPS -induced inflam-matory response on microglia .Methods Microglia cells were cultured ,isolated and purified from the neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats.Divided them into blank group ,negative control ,LPS group and medicine group ( parallel determination for 3 times each group ) after pharmacological preconditioning for 48 hours.The optimal concentration of microglia proliferation induced by LPS were measured by MTT assay .Observed the role of dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues on LPS-induced microglia in different concentrations .The interleukin1β( IL-1β) ,tumor necro-sis factor alpha ( TNF-α) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunorrbent assay ( ELISA ) .The expression of TLR-4 was detected by Western blotting and the expression of NF-κB was detected by RT-PCR.Results LPS induced the proliferation of microglia and significantly in-creased the release of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated primary microglia .Compared with the blank group ,dipeptide peptidase inhibi-tors analogues could inhibit this effect and the IC 50 values was 1.014 ×10 -2 mol/L to MG after pretreatment for 48 hours.Dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues could inhibit the release of TNF-αand IL-1 significantly(P<0.01),and it decreased the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB signif-icantly(P<0.01).Conclusion This research suggests that dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues restrain cell proliferation and inflammatory re-sponse of LPS-stimulated microglia,and the possible mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the HLA-DRB1, DQB1 allele polymorphism in Kunming Yi nationality population.

METHODSHLA-DRB1, DQB1 DNA types in 70 healthy children of Yi nationality in Kunming were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP).

RESULTSTwelve alleles at HLA-DRB1 locus were observed in the 70 children: the alleles with gene frequencies higher than 10% were HLA-DRB1*12(33.57%), DRB1*0901(11.43%), DRB1*04(11.43%); the alleles with gene frequencies between 10% and 5% were HLA-DRB1*01(8.57%), DRB1*11(7.86%), DRB1*14(7.14%), DRB1*15(7.14%), DRB1*08(5%); the alleles with gene frequencies lower than 5% were HLA-DRB1*03(2.86%), DRB1*13(2.14%), DRB1*07(1.43%), DRB1*16(1.43%). Seven alleles at HLA-DQB1 locus were observed in the 70 children: the alleles with gene frequencies higher than 10% were HLA-DQB1*0301(45%), DQB1*05(22.14%), DQB1*0303(12.14%); the alleles with gene frequencies between 10% and 5% were HLA-DQB1*04(6.43%), DQB1*06(6.43%); the alleles with gene frequencies lower than 5% were HLA-DQB1*0201(4.29%) and DQB1*0302(3.57%).

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of HLA-DRB1, DQB1 allele polymorphism in the Kunming Yi nationality population is distinctive. It is neither like that in the South Han population nor like that in the North Han population.

Alleles ; China ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen of community acquired pneumonia in children.The imaging manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children varied,the understanding of the causes in clinical pediatrician is not sufficient.The common imaging appearances of chest X-ray,chest CT and chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia attributed to age,course,clinical manifestations and severity of illness were summarized in this review.

Objective:To establish a common method for detecting serotypes of respiratory adenovirus, and to detect the main serotypes of respiratory human adenovirus (HAdV) infection in children in Wenzhou area.Methods:A multiplex PCR method based on capillary electrophoresis was developed to detect 12 common serotypes of respiratory adenovirus.A total of 1 059 children with acute respiratory infection who were admitted to Yuying Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from January 2018 to December 2019 with positive infection of HAdV detected by the direct immunofluorescence method were recruited and retrospectively analyzed.Multiplex PCR was performed to determine 12 serotypes of respiratory adenovirus, including HAdV-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 21, 37, 40, 41 and 55.Meanwhile, some samples were randomly selected to examine the consistency in the detection result by the first-generation sequencing method.Results:A total of 1 059 specimens of respiratory secretions with positive HAdV antigen were collected.Detected by multiplex PCR method, 947 cases (89.4%) were positive for 1 serotype, 13 cases (1.2%) were mixed infection with 2 serotypes, and 24 cases (2.3%) were negative.In addition, 75 cases(7.1%) were positive but could not be serotyped.Among the 947 children with the positive infection of a single serotype, 415 cases (43.8%) were HAdV-3 in subgroup B, 318 cases(33.6%) were HAdV-7, 12 cases (1.2%) were HAdV-55, 2 cases (0.2%) were HAdV-21, 108 cases (11.4%) were HAdV-2 in subgroup C, 70 cases (7.4%) were HAdV-1, 16 cases(1.7%) were HAdV-5, and 6 cases(0.6%) were HAdV-4 in subgroup E. HAdV-14, HAdV-37, HAdV-40 and HAdV-41 were not detected.A total of 51 positive samples of HAdV infection detected by multiplex PCR were randomly selected to compare with the detection result by the first-generation sequencing, which were all consistent.Conclusions:This study successfully established a multiplex PCR based on capillary electrophoresis in diagnosing common serotypes of respiratory adenovirus infection in children.HAdV-3, HAdV-7 of subgroup B and HAdV-2 and HAdV-1 of subgroup C were the main serotypes of respiratory adenovirus infection in children of Wenzhou area.HAdV-14, HAdV-37, HAdV-40 and HAdV- 41 were not detected.

Objective To establishment a process of monitoring waste resin clearance in nuclear power plants, and to meet clearance requirements and simplify the monitoring work. Methods In accordance with the requirements specified in current laws, regulations, and standards in China, as well as the practice of slightly polluted waste resins generated during the operation of nuclear power plants, in-depth discussion was conducted on sampling methods, sample uniformity and representativeness tests, radiation monitoring contents and methods, and simplified monitoring processes, in order to accurately monitor the radionuclide activity of waste resins to be cleared. Results A process was established to monitor waste resin clearance in nuclear power plants. A total of 55 barrels of waste resins were cleared and the radiation levels met the requirements. Conclusion An effective clearance process can facilitate the sampling of representative resins, improve the accuracy of monitoring data, differentiate radioactive waste from cleared waste, and simplify the monitoring process. Our results provide a basis and reference for future waste resin clearance.