OBJECTIVE:To cultivate the inpatient pharmacists with drug counseling capacity. METHODS:Drug counseling training was conducted for the inpatient pharmacists in our hospital,including drugs counseling workflow,common query tools for drugs counseling,communication skills,professional skills practical ability,emergency treatment capability and literature retrieval method,etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The inpatient pharmacists trained with drug counseling teaching have basically owned professional practice of drugs counseling and achieved the combination of theoretical and clinical pharmacy practice.

Objective To explore the epidemic factors for dental fluorosis of residents living around an aluminum smelter plant. Methods The contents of fluoride in 1 575 urine samples, some drinking water samples collected from the centralized water supply systems, springs and wells water, wheat, Chinese cabbage, soil and air samples were determined. The epidemic situation of dental fluorosis in 1766 residents was investigated according to the unique national standard. Results The concentration of urine fluoride [(1.913?1.413) mg/L] of 1 575 residents living around an aluminum smelter plant was higher than that (about 0.5 mg/L) in non-endemic area, the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 90.09%. The contents of fluoride in wheat, Chinese cabbage and soil did not exceed the related limits or background values. The concentration of fluoride in air samples exceeded the Grade II limit of Environment Air Quality Standard by 0.04-2.73 times. Conclusion Air fluoride pollution and drinking tea water containing higher concentration of fluoride are considered as the one of the factors that may cause dental fluorosis of the residents living around this aluminum smelter plant.

Objective To explore the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in an industrial area of aluminum electrolysis. Methods 2 156 8-12-year old children were selected in a certain industrial area of aluminum electrolysis for investigation of their prevalence of dental fluorosis and the contents of fluoride in urine. At the same time, the contents of fluoride in the environmental media were investigated also. Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 51.11% for children, the content of fluoride in urine samples of children was (1.44

OBJECTIVE:To upgrade the management of in-patient pharmacy.METHODS:The design,framework,function and work flow of the computer network system in our hospital was introduced,and the measures for its improvement was put forward.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The application of computer network system in in-patient pharmacy helps to make a more regular,scientific and computerized pharmacy management.

0.05).CONCLUSION:Administration of Dexamethasone or Diprazine before blood transfusion is ineffective in preventing against nonhemolytic transfusion reaction.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chronic anemia on duration of non-hypoxic apnea during tracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia in female patients.Methods Seventy-five ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-40 yr,of Mallampati class Ⅰ or Ⅱ,with body mass index ＜ 25 kg/m2,were enrolled in the study.According to the test results of hemoglobin (Hb),the patients were allocated into 3 groups (n =25 each):Hb ＞ 110 g/L group (group A),Hb 90-110 g/L group (group B),and 70 g/L ＜ Hb ＜ 90 g/L group (group C).Each patient inhaled 100％ oxygen through a mask with oxygen flow of 8 L/min and 3 min later anesthesia was induced with general anesthesia.Assisted ventilation was not performed during induction.After tracheal intubation,artificial ventilation was performed with pure oxygen when SpO2 decreased to 90％.The time from beginning of apnea to SpO2 of 90％ (duration of non-hypoxic apnea),and the minimum SpO2 and the maximum PET CO2 during the period of observation were recorded.Immediately before oxygen inhalation via a mask,immediately after beginning of apnea,and at the time for SpO2 decreasing to 90％,arterial blood samples were taken from 10 patients randomly chosen from each group for blood gas analysis.Results Compared with group A,the duration of non-hypoxic apnea was significantly shortened,and no significant change was found in the minimum SpO2 in B and C groups,and the maximum PET CO2 and PaCO2 while SpO2 decreasing to 90％ were decreased in group C.Compared with group B,the duration of non-hypoxic apnea was signifi.cantly shortened,PaCO2 while SpO2 decreasing to 90％ was decreased,and no significant change was found in the minimum SpO2 and the maximum PET CO2 in group C.Conclusion Mild and moderate chronic anemia shortens the duration of non-hypoxic apnoea to about 6.0 and 3.5 min,respectively,during tracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia in female patients.

Objective To establish a specific detection technique in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD),Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). Methods Immunofluorescent technique was applied,and 4 monoclonal antibodies against dystrophin,?-sarcoglycan (?-SG) and ?-sarcoglycan (?-SG) were respectively used.Results Dystrophin was negative in 9 DMD patients,and partially absent in 4 BMD patients. In two LGMD patients,50DAG was diminished in one patient and 35DAG was diminished in the other. Therefore,the two patients were diagnosed as having LGMD2D and LGMD2C respectively. Conclusion Analysing gene product expressed on surface membrane of muscle fiber is helpful to diagnose and classify the DMD/BMD,and LGMD diseases by using immunofluorescent technique.

BACKGROUND:It is difficult to make an exact conclusion about the correlation between atherosclerosis and hemodynamic wal shear stress because of the complexity of the hemodynamic environment in the field of atherosclerosis research.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between characteristics of mural coronary artery hemodynamics parameters and atherosclerosis through myocardial bridge-coronary artery analog device.
METHODS:Myocardial bridge-coronary artery analog device was used to simulate experiments in vitro. In the condition of keeping any related parameters unchanged, such as system temperature, the average flow rate and heart rate, we observed and recorded the changes of proximal and distal mean value and oscil atory value of shear stress of mural coronary artery by regulating the oppression level of myocardial bridge to mural coronary artery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under 0%oppression, there was no significant difference in distal and proximal mean value and oscil atory value of shear stress of mural coronary artery. Under 50%oppression, the proximal oscil atory value of shear stress was significantly larger than that in the distal end. Under 80%oppression, mean shear stress in the distal end was larger than that in the proximal end. Oscil atory value of shear stress in the proximal end was larger than that in the distal end. With increased oppression, the mean shear stress in the distal end was higher than that in the proximal end, but oscil atory value in the proximal end was higher than that in the distal end. These results indicated that the increase of the oscil atory value of the proximal shear stress of mural coronary artery is an important factor for the occurrence of atherosclerosis.

Objective To study the effect of fissure sealant combined with fluorine-containing gel in the prevention of dental caries in children.Methods Totally 86 cases who came into our hospital for healthy check-up from June 2010 to June 2011 were slected,and they were divided into 3 groups according to a random number table.Children in fissure sealant group were given fissure sealant treatment,children in combined treatment group were given fluorine gel treatment in addition of fissure sealant,and children of the control group were given rou-tine oral care.Observed the caries average,adjacent surface caries and caries occurrence of the three groups,and observed the blocking agent of the fissure sealant group and the combined treatment group.Results Three years after the prophylactic treatment,the caries occurrence, adjacent surface caries and caries average of fissure sealant group and combined treatment group showed an obvious downward trend compared with those of the control group.But the caries occurrence,adjacent surface caries and caries average of combined treatment group were sig-nificantly lower than the fissure sealant group,with a statistically significant difference(P <0.05).In the follow-up of the first two years,the complete preservation rate of sealant in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than the fissure sealant group,while the partial and complete loss rate of sealant in the combined treatment group was significantly lower than the fissure sealant group,and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion Fissure sealant combined with fluorine-containing gel in the prevention of dental caries in children can receive good results,and it is worth of promotion.

Repeat prescription is adopted in Singapore as a convenient measure for patients with chronic diseases.On the one hand, it can avoid patients''inconvenience caused by frequent visits to hospitals.On the other hand, it reduces the waste of medical resources.In recent years, Singapore has also been using modern technology and measures to expand the medication refill service actively in order to enhance work efficiency, reduce waiting time and promote drug safety, thus to improve patients'' satisfaction.With the increasing medical pressure and the deepening of medical reform, the repeat prescription model in Singapore shows positive enlightenment to China.