The occurrence rate of colorectal cancer is increasing. Metastasis and recurrence are the leading causes of death in colorec-tal cancer. Tumor cells in the circulation have the ability to proliferate or to migrate, thereby providing a reliable means for neoplasm staging and assessment of recurrence or metastasis, and evaluation of efficacy by detecting circulating tumor cells (CTC). Optimizing the development of detection technology will provide better support for clinical applications. This review mainly discusses CTC detec-tion and advances in colorectal cancer relapse or metastasis.

S-1 is an upgraded product of tegafur and UFT. Compared with 5-FU, it has stronger anticancer activity, and relative rare gastrointestinal adverse reaction. Many clinical studies have demonstrated S-1 has very good efficacy and safety in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The efficacy of single S-1 has been approved better than other available anti-cancer drugs in the treatment of gastric cancer, and similar to combination regimens such as cisplatin plus fluorouracil.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and treatment method for no midline shift-severe craniocerebral trauma accompanied with post-traumatic acute diffuse brain swelling (PADBS).Methods 60 PADBS patients were randomly divided into conservative treatment group and operation group,30 patients in each group.The operation group was treated with intracranial pressure monitoring by implantation of the probe and decompressive craniectomy,while the conservative treatment group received conservative treatment.The postoperative recovery was observed.Results The GCS scores of operation group postoperative 7d and 15d were (11.21 ± 2.24) and (12.88 ±2.31),which were obviously higher than (7.47 ± 1.51) and (8.19 ± 1.28) of the conservative treatment group (t =2.215,2.321,all P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative long-term follow-up results indicated that,according to GOS score,63.3％ patients in the operation group recovered well,which was significantly higher than 26.7％ in the conservative treatment group.While the percent of patients with coma or dead was 6.7％ and 10.0％ in the operation group,which were significantly lower than the conservative treatment group (x2 =15.721,4.172,3.84,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In general,PADBS could not be cured easliy,the operation methods of using intracranial pressure monitoring and decompressive craniectomy based on conservative treatment could help to evaluate the trauma objectivly,detect the changes of disease earlier,treat in time and assess the prognosis accurately,all which would reduce the mortality.

Microglial cells are the resident immune cells of brain. The activated microglia produces a range of deleterious substances, which plays an important role in the inflammation of post-stroke, such as superoxide, nitric oxide, matrix metalloproteinases, etc. The activa-tion of microglia may involve triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, Toll-like receptors 4, peroxisome proliferator-activated re-ceptors, purinergic receptors, etc. Intervention targeted to microglial receptor is becoming a new strategy for ischemic stroke.

Termite nests is rarely seen in the clinical applications of traditional Chinese medicine, generally used for the treatment of the bone injuries and internal medical diseases. According to the recent research on termite nests, this article makes a summarize of its distribution, types, pharmacognosy characteristics, chemical composition, pharmacological effects and its application research aspects, so as to provide reference for the further development and utilization of termite nests.

Objective To study the role of cover-stent and embolization in the treatment of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm following liver transplantation.Methods 5 patients with hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after liver transplantation were treated with cover-stent and embolization between May 2010 and July 2013.The clinical features,imaging findings and complications were reviewed.Results All the 5 patients with hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm were successfully treated.2 patients with intrahepatic pseudoaneurysm received embolization.Of the 3 patients with extrahepatic pseudoaneurysm,2 received cover-stent treatment,and 1 patient received embolization.No complications related to the interventional treatment were encountered.2 patients died from multi-organ failure one month after the interventional treatment.Conclusion Cover-stent and embolization were effective and safe to treat patients with hepatic artery pseudoneurysm following liver transplantations.

BACKGROUND:Transplanted neural stem cel s can survive, proliferate and differentiate into neurons and/or glial cel s in the host, thereby promoting partial function recovery in the host.
OBJECTIVE:To study the therapeutic effects of neural stem cel transplantation on cerebral palsy rats. METHODS:Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group, model group and transplantation group. Animal models of cerebral palsy were made in the latter two groups. One week after modeling, rats in the transplantation group were injected 1 mL stem cel suspension (1×105) via the jugular vein, and rats in the control and model group were given the same volume of normal saline. Toe distance, step length and elevated body swing test in rats were detected, and histopathological changes in the rat brain were observed 3 weeks after transplantation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the model group, the toe distance and step length of the front left palm were significantly lower than those of the front right palm (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the toe distance and step length in the transplantation and control groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). In the elevated body swing test, rats in the model group presented with asymmetric swing of the
body, but rats in the other two groups exhibited symmetric swing of the body (P<0.05). Additional y, the ratio of right to left hemispheric areas was significantly higher in the transplantation and control groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). In conclusion, neural stem cel transplantation via the jugular vein can improve brain function and restore motor function in rats with cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the effects ofBuzhong Yiqi Pills on HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis patients.Methods A total of 176 patients of HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis were enrolled in the study from January 2007 to January 2010 and were divided into treatment group (82 cases) and control group (94 cases) according to patient's wishes. Patients in both groups were given antiviral therapy. According to the liver function and complications, patients were given glycyrrhizin to protect liver, Kuhuang Injection to treat jaundice, and spironolactone and furosemide for diuretic treatment. Patients in the treatment group receivedBuzhong Yiqi Pills, one bag for each time, twice a day, four weeks as a treatment session, three sessions each year, with five-year follow-up. Effects ofBuzhong Yiqi Pills on the hepatorenal function, blood coagulation, blood routine, complications and survival rate in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were observed.ResultsBuzhong Yiqi Pills could effectively improve the hepatorenal function, blood routine and coagulation disorders of HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis patients (P<0.05,P<0.01). The rate of complications with hydrothorax and ascites (46.34% vs. 88.30%), upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (39.02% vs. 69.15%), infection (31.71% vs. 57.45%), hepatic encephalopathy (23.17% vs. 54.26%), hepatorenal syndrome (6.10% vs. 18.09%) and chronic hepatic failure (9.76% vs. 25.53%) in the treatment group and the control group were with statistical significance (P<0.05,P<0.01). The five-year survival rates were significantly higher in the treatment group (79.27%) compared with the control group (64.89%), with statistical significance (χ2=5.353,P=0.021).ConclusionLong term use ofBuzhong Yiqi Pills can significantly decrease the complications of HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis and improve survival rate of patients.

Autophagy plays an important role in the regulation of activation and inflammation of microglia after ischemic stroke. The interaction between autophagy of microglia and the inflammation mediated by microglia after ischemic stroke was complex and a large num-ber of molecules were involved. The receptors of microglia activation and related substances may be possible mechanism in the regulation of microglia autophagy. Autophagy inhibitors and microglia receptor targeting therapy may provide new strategies for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. This paper summarized the progress of microglia autophagy after ischemic stroke.

Objective:To study the in vivo anti-tumor effect of exosomes (Exo) combined with bacillus Calmette-Gu?rin vaccine(BCG). Methods:Exo was isolated and purified from culture supernatant of E.G7-OVA tumor cells by density gradient centrifugation. Protein components of Exo were detected by Western blotting. Exo,BCG,Exo combined with BCG (Exo+BCG) or PBS were pre-injected into mice before injection of E.G7-OVA cells,and the anti-tumor effects were observed in each group. Mouse model bearing E.G7-OVA cells was established to examine the immuno-therapy effects of Exo with or without BCG. Cytotoxity of spleen CTL was measured by LDH in different groups. Results:Exo derived from E.G7-OVA cells contained HSP60,OVA,HSC70 and CD63 as detected by Western blotting. Tumor-free rate at 90 d was significantly higher in Exo+BCG vaccinated mice than those in Exo or BCG vaccinated mice as measured by immuno-protective assay (60% vs 20% or 0%,P