Objective To demonstrate the influence of PCT concentration and its descent to the prognosis of patients with hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia. Methods The PCT concentration was determined. One hundred and thirteen HAP patients were enrolled from September 2011 and November 2012 , including 64 patients in the non-survival group and 49 patients in the survival group , and 92 non-infected patients in the control group. The relationship between PCT and hospital days and survival rate was analyzed. Results The initial value of PCT in the non-survival group and in the survival group were higher than that in the control group, while the PCT in the non-survival group was the highest, with significant difference (P =0.0002). Taking PCT = 0.78 μg/L as the cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity to predict the mortality of the HAP patients was 0.66 and 70%, respectively. A significant negative correlation was shown between PCT value and hospital days in the non-survival group. The survival rate of patients with PCT decrease over 50% was higher than that of patients with PCT decrease less than 50% after treatment. Conclusion Dynamic monitoring PCT in patients with bacterial HAP possesses a certain significance.

Emotional labor is an important constituent of teaching affairs.Research on emotional labor suggests that there are both positive and negative effects for employees.This article aims to reduce negative influence of emotional labor and comes up with some countermeasures for maintaining the mental health of teachers.

Objective To investigate the impact of 1,25(OH)2D3 on histological changes and activation of STAT3 in BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis mice. Methods 30 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group ,BLM group and BLM+VD group. Mice in BLM group and BLM+VD group received intratracheal injection of BLM(3 U/kg). Control group were intratracheally injected equal volume of sterile saline. From the first day after the surgery,mice in BLM+VD group received intraperitoneal injection of VD (5μg/kg·d). After 21 days, H&E and Masson′s trichrome staining were carried out. Aschroft score were used to evaluate histological changes in lungs. IL?6,IL?4 and INF?γin BALF were assessed by Elisa. p?STAT3,α?SMA and Collagen I were detected by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry. Results Fibrosis score and level of α?SMA,Collagen I in BLM group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). However ,treatment with VD effectively at?tenuated fibrosis (P<0.05). IL?6 and IL?4 increased while INF?γwas decreased in BALF of BLM group (P<0.05). VD could ameliorate these changes. Upregulation and neuclear translocation of p?STAT3 were observed in BLM group,while VD intervention could inhibit phosphorylation of STAT3. Conclusions VD attenuate BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis and regulate inflammatory cytokines probably by blocking STAT3 activation.

AIM: To investigate the expression of vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) in peripheral eosinophils of asthma patients and its relation with eosinophil activation.METHODS: 10 normal volunteers and 31 mild to moderate asthma patients were selected. Symptom severity, pulmonary function index, induced sputum eosinophil counts were recorded. Then, gene and protein expressions of VDUP1 and ?-actin were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, eosinophils were incubated with IL-5, both VDUP1 and ?-actin were amplified by RT-PCR. The eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) of supernatant and serum were also detected by ELISA assay. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in expression of VDUP1 in asthma attack patients without treatment compared with normal volunteers and patients in remission. In contrast, no significant difference between the patients in remission and normal volunteers was observed. In patients with asthma attacks, a negative relationship between expression intensity of VDUP1 and EOS% in induced sputum and serum ECP concentration was also observed. The expression of VDUP1 in eosinophils was decreased by IL-5 stimulation, simultaneously, the ECP in supernatant was increased. CONCLUSION: The expression of VDUP1 in eosinophils decreases in asthma patients, and is negatively associated with serum ECP and induced sputum EOS%. EOS activation by IL-5 may be related to VDUP1 pathway.

Objective To explore the role of MKK34 (a peptide spanning a C-terminal α-helical region in TSLP) on airway inflammation and β-catenin of airway epithelium in a HDM-induced mouse asthma.Methods 32 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control,MKK34,asthma and MKK34 + HDM groups.The mice in the asthma group were exposed to HDM for five consecutive days and the MKK34 + HDM group was pretreated with MKK34 1 h prior to the HDM intranasally treated.After 8 weeks' treatment,animal lung function test and pathological staining were performed to evaluate the asthma situation,IL-4,IFN-γin bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and IgE in the serum were detected,immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to assess β-catenin and p-ERK,t-ERK levels.Results Airway reactivity,IL-4 and IgE in the asthma group were significantly higher than that in the control group.Treatment with MKK34 significantly decreased airway hyperresponsiveness,IL-4 and IgE.HE staining demonstrated the chronic bronchitic inflammation in the lungs of asthma group.β-catenin in the control group was distributed evenly at the cytomembrane of epithelial cells.In the asthma group,β-catenin was disordered in epithelial cells and its expression was decreased.Treatment with MKK34 ameliorated the damage of β-catenin and chronic bronchitic inflammation.The protein levels of p-ERK1/2 increased obviously in the asthma group.The pretreated group significantly decreased the expression of p-ERK1/2.Conclusions MKK34 can ameliorate the airway inflammation and the destruction of β-catenin of airway epithelium in a HDM-induced mouse asthma.The ERK pathway may play a role in this process.

AIM: To determine differentially expressed genes associated with cell adhesion and immune regulation in peripheral blood eosinophils from asthmatic patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated from the asthmatic patients at the time of exacerbation and after improvement. Total RNA was extracted. Super SMART PCR cDNA was synthesized, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and PCR-select differential screening technology were used to detect expressed genes. The differentially expressed genes were sequenced. RESULTS: High efficiency subtractive cDNA library was constructed successfully. Differential screening identified 15 differentially expressed genes, which were Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (CLC protein; galectin-10), putative pre-mRNA splicing regulator female-lethal (2D), aquaporin 9 (AQP9), IL-8, slingshot 2L (SSH-2L), PP1 catalytic subunit, beta isoform, helicase with zinc finger domain (HELZ), ?2-microglobin (?2-MG) and a gene associated with mitochondrion. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of these genes might be associated with eosinophil migration, adhesion and immune regulation. Intervention of these pathways may provide a theoretical base for future new targeting treatment for asthma.

Objective To explore the role of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on E-cadherin of airway epithelium and airway inflammation in a TDI-induced mouse asthma model. Methods 30 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group , asthma group and EP group. On day 1 and 8 , mice in asthma group and EP group were treated with 0.3%TDI on the dorsum of both ears for sensitization. And on day 15 , 18 and 21 the mice underwent an aerosol inhalation of 3% TDI, and saline (100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour before inhalation. The control group underwent acetone and olive oil (AOO) sensitization on day 1 and 8, AOO challenge on day 15, 18 and 21. Saline (100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour before challenge. One hour before each challenge, mice were given EP (100mg/kg) or vehicle via intraperitoneal injection. On day 22, airway reactivity, IL-4 , IFN-γand IgE in the serum were detected , immunohistochemistry and WB were used to assess E-cadherin levels. Results Airway reactivity, IL-4, IFN-γin and IgE in the serum in asthma group are significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Treatment with EP dramatically decreased airway hyperresponsiveness in TDI-challenged mice, as well as IL-4, IFN-γ and IgE (P < 0.05). E-cadherin in control group was distributed evenly at the connection of epithelial cells. E-cadherinin distribution was chaotic and its expression was decreased in asthma group. EP intervention can ameliorate the damage of E-cadherinin. Conclusions EP can ameliorate the destruction of E-cadherin in airway epithilum by TDI.

Objective To evaluate the safety and short‐term efficacy of delta‐shaped anastomosis in the Billroth‐I reconstruc‐tion of totally laparoscopic distal gastric cancer radical operation (TLDG) .Methods The clinical data in 35 patients with TLDG Delta anastomosis(TLDG group) and 35 patients with laparoscopic assisted distal gastric cancer radical operation (LADG) extraper‐itoneal anastomosis (LADG group) in the gastroenterology department of our hospital from January to December 2014 were ana‐lyzed retrospectively .The intraoperative bleeding volume ,operative time ,gastroenterological function recovery time ,hospitalization duration ,postoperative pathological examination results and hospitalization total cost were compared between the two groups .Re‐sults Seventy cases successfully completed the operation without the cases of conversion to laparotomy and death .The TLDG group had no anastomotic leakage ,bleeding and stenosis after operation ;while the LADG group had 1 case of gastroparesis ,1 case of anastomotic bleeding and 2 cases of anastomotic leakage .The introperative bleeding volume ,tumor size ,number of lymph nodes dissection and distant and proximal incisal margin distance had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0 .05);the operation time ,digestive tract reconstruction time ,first exhaustion time ,time taking liquid diet and postoperative hospital stay time in the TLDG group were significantly shorter than those in LADG group (P< 0 .05) ,but the hospitalization cost was higher than that in the LADG group ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The delta‐shaped anasto‐mosis technique is safe and feasible for using in LADG ,moreover has better short‐term effect .

Objective: The aim of this paper is to identify the basic organizational structure and the key elements of integrated healthcare model of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and propose an appropriate development strategy.Methods: Based on the literature review of research articles about integrated care on patients with COPD, an analysis was conducted with the help of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) which is a chronic disease management model.Results: From of a total 16 articles about 13 case studies were found.An integrated healthcare of COPD was carried out in 10 hospital-based or community-based care programs.Most of the patients were the elderly and health status were moderately severe or more severe.The components of healthcare programs varied from 4 to 12 included at least two CCM dimension.A coordinator or a case manager was appointed in all healthcare programs and a follow-up plan was made as well.Decision making was supported by clinic guideline and specialist resource in 9 integrated healthcare programs which community facilities involved.All programs included self-management with health education and individualized behavioral support was in 10 programs.The action plan was applied in 8 studies.8 studies using a clinical information system connected health care provider and patients.Conclusions: COPD integrated care program can be constructed according to the management model of chronic disease, and it is suggested that we can organize the COPD integrated care program based on CCM and the program comprises 4 organizational components of at least two CCM dimensions.The key elements of COPD integrated healthcare are to appoint a coordinator, to make a follow-up plan, and the necessity of community participation to support decision making, support self-management by education and individualized behavioral management with an action plan.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of hydrogen dioxide (H(2)O(2)) on the release and translocation of high mobility group box 1 release (HMGB1) from normal human bronchiolar epithelial cells (HBE).

METHODSMTT assay was used to assess the viability of HBE135-E6E7 cells exposed to different concentrations of H(2)O(2). The expression and location of HMGB1 in the cytoplasm, nuclei and culture medium of the exposed cells were determined using Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay.

RESULTSExposure to 125 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) did not obviously affect the cell viability. At the concentration of 250 µmmol/L, H(2)O(2) significantly decreased the cell viability (P<0.05), but significant cell death occurred only after exposure to 400 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) (P=0.000). Compared with the control cells, the cells exposed to 12.5, 125 and 250 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) for 24 h showed significantly increased levels of HMGB1 in the culture medium (P<0.05), and exposure to 125 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) for 12 and 24 h also caused significantly increased HMGB1 level (P<0.05). Exposure to 125 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) for 24 h significantly increased HMGB1 expression in the cytoplasm but decreased its expression in the nucleus. HMGB1 translocation from the nuclei to the cytoplasm and to the plasmalemma occurred after 125 µmmol/L H(2)O(2) exposure for 12 h and 24 h, respectively.

CONCLUSIONH(2)O(2) can induce HMGB1 translocation and release in human bronchial epithelial cells, suggesting the involvement of HMGB1 in airway oxidative stress in chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and COPD.

Bronchi ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; HMGB1 Protein ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Protein Transport