Objective To investigate the potential of the Clock Drawing Test (CTD) in differentiating the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Cognitive impaired patients admitted to the outpatient and inpatient of neurological department of our hospital from October 2011 to October 2013 were reviewed. There were 65 cases with MCI and 63 cases with AD. The scores of CDT were compared between them, and the sensitivity and specificity were evaluated with Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve. Results The MCI group and AD group matched in age, gender and education. The scores of Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination and CDT were significantly defferent between the two groups. The sensitivity of 3-point CDT was 54.0% and the specificity was 80.9% in differentiating MCI and AD. Conclusion CDT is helpful to differentiate MCI from AD only in a set of assessment.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the Smad4-independent pathway of TGF-?1 and drug-resistance of pancreatic cancer. Methods: The sensitivities of Smad4 homozygous-deleted pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC3 to different kinds of anti-cancer drugs (5-Fu, Gemzar, Oxaliplatin, Cisplatin, CPT-11 and Epirubicin) were observed by MTT assay before and after they were transfected with full-length cDNA of TGF-?1 or treated with TGF-?1 (5 and 10 ng/ml) solution. Western blot was used to detect p170 protein expression after stimulation with different concentrations of TGF-?1. Results: Cisplatin had the most powerful killing effect on BxPC3 cells, followed by Oxaliplatin, 5-Fu and CPT-11 with moderate effect and Gemzar and Epirubicin with the least effect. Cells transfected with full-length cDNA of TGF-?1 or treated with TGF-?1 solution became less sensitive to Cisplatin. Western blot revealed upregulation of p170 expression by TGF-?1. Conclusion: The Smad4-independent pathway of TGF-?1 can increase the drug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells through upregulating expression of p170.

Objective To investigate the influence of sulfated propylene glycol alginate(PSS) and its fractions on the immunoregulation.Methods The immunoregulation activity of PSS and its fractions were investigated by using immunocyte cultivation technique in vitro.The structure activity relationship was analysed on the basis of the structure studies of PSS' fractions.Results The experimental results showed that PSS could improve spleen cell proliferation,enhance macrophage phagocytic function and inhibit T-cell and B-cell proliferation.Conclusion PSS possessed significant immunoregulation effect,whilst the immunocompetence comparison of PSS' fractions proved that the different immunocytes had different requirements for saccharides length.

Objective To study the effect of the combination of pathidine hydrochloride and anisodamine on the intraoperative effiacy of transhepatic biliary drainage and stent implantation done on the patient with advanced malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods 100 cases of percutaneous transhepatic catheterizde drainage (PTCD) and percutaneous transhepatic biliary stenting (PTBS) done for advanced malignant obstructive jaundice were divided into control group and experimental group,50 cases in each group.In experimental group,100 mg pethidine hydrochloride and 10 mg anisodamine were injected intramuscularly 30 min before operation,while in control group,no analgesic or antispasmodic were used before and during operation.The blood pressure and heart rate were observed,the incidence rate of biliary-cardiac reflex and operating time were recorded,while the scale of pain felt by patient was evaluated with visual analogue scale.Results Compared to the control group,the patients in experimental group have more stable vital signs,feel more comfortable,suffering shorter operative time,less incidence rate of biliary cardiac reflex and less pain by using pethidine hydrochloride and anisodamine.Conclusion Application of pathidine hydrochloride and anisodamine during the transhepatic biliary drainage and stent implantation done on the patient with advanced malignant obstructive jaundice may release pain,reduce operating time.It is safe,at lower cost and can be used as routine medicine before PTCD or PTBS.

Objective To explore the treatment experience and surgical strategy in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis. Methods A retrospective review was performed on ten patients with PTC metastasis to parapharyngeal lymph node from January 2005 to August 2014. The treatment experience and surgical strategy were analyzed. Results Three patients accepted initial treatment and 7 patients had a history of surgical treatment prior to PTC. Parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis was diagnosed by imaging examination or fine needle aspiration cytology. Resection of lymph node metastasis was performed via transcervical approach and transmandibular approach. Total thyroidectomy and neck dissection were performed synchronously. All patients received 131I therapy after surgery and did not have recurrence in neck or parapharyngeal space. During follow-up, 3 patients died in 5 years because of lung metastasis, 3 patients survived with tumor , and 4 patients survived without recurrence. The 5-year overall survival rate was 7/10 and the 5-year disease-free was 4/10. Conclusions Parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis from PTC may occur in patients with previous neck dissection or widespread cervical metastases. CT and MRI is helpful for establishing the diagnosis. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for this disease. PTC patients with parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis have a poor prognosis.

Objective To observe the rehabilitation of Six Healing Sounds on MCI of the oldaged persons.Methods All patients were randomly divided into Six Healing Sounds exercise group and control group using random number table.MOCA,and MMSE were adopted for evaluating the efficacy of the subjects before and six months after the practice.Nerve-physiology information workstation was setup to record the changes of cerebral electric powder of both groups before and 6 months after the treatment.The data was further analyzed by intelligent cerebral powder analyzing system.Results ①After six months practice,total score of MOCA (25.18 ± 5.07) and MMSE (26.03 ± 2.63) increased significantly after the treatment in the exercise group,which showed significant difference than the control group [MOCA (22.83 ± 4.95) and MMSE (24.86± 2.98)].MOCA increased significantly in attention (5.04 ± 0.90),delay memory (3.02 ± 0.89),verbal(2.30±0.57) sub-item scores after the treatment in the exercise group,showed significant differences than the control group [attention (4.28 ± 1.08),delay memory (2.33 ± 0.95),verbal (2.13 ± 0.51)] ; MMSE also demonstrated a significant increase a in split-second memory(2.35 ±0.43),delay memory(2.42±0.48),verbal (8.49± 0.54) sub-item scores after the treatment in the exercise group,showed significant differences than the control group [split-second memory (2.15 ± 0.34),delay memory (2.14± 0.83),verba (8.13 ± 0.70)].②Frequency changes:the change of δ (0.0848± 0.0373) μ v 2 was decreased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; the change of α1 (0.3753± 0.1470) μ v2was increased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; the change ofδ and θ (0.2266±0.0953)μ v2 had significant difference after the treatment between the two group [control group:δ (0.1095 ± 0.0520) μ v2 θ (0.2589 ± 0.0862) μ v 2and α1 (0.3160 ±0.1540)μ v 2].③Space changes:in the ratio of (δ + θ) / (α1+α2+β1+β2):F4(0.5115±0.4262)、O 1 (0.3365 ± 0.2436)、O2 (0.3536± 0.2671)、T4 (0.4581 ± 0.3798)、T5 (0.3198± 0.3608)、Fp (10.8233 ±0.6857) 、Fp2 (0.7710± 0.6352)、C3 (0.3702 ± 0.3910)、C4 (0.3896 ± 0.3523)、P4 (0.3523 ± 0.2333)、T6 (0.2972± 0.4276)were decreased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; C3、C4、P4、T4、T5 、T6、Fpl had significant difference after the treatment between the two group[control group:C3 (0.5706±0.4944)、C4 (0.5780 ± 0.4996)、P4 (0.4835 ± 0.3641)、T4 (0.6294 ± 0.4186)、T5 (0.4882 ± 0.4000)、T6 (0.4879±0.4131)、Fp1 (1.0125±0.7476)].Conclusion Six Healing Sounds had rehabilitation effects on MCI of the old-aged persons.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of TMPRSS4 in radiation induced metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Metastatic model of human HCC was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human HCC tissue into the liver of nude mice.Mice bearing xenografts in liver were killed after radiation and the residual tumors were resected and reimplanted into the liver of normal nude mice.At the end of sixth week,the mice were killed and the histopathological features,tumor volume,intrahepatic and lung metastasis were evaluated.Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes including N-cadherin,Vimentin,SIP1 and TMPRSS4 were measured by Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results The tumor volume and frequency of lung metastasis of control group was 2.25±0.52 cm3 and 66.7％,respectively.Compared to control group,tumor diameter (1.61±0.51 cm3,P＜0.05) and lung metastasis (12.5％,P＜0.05) were significantly inhibited 2 days after radiation.Whereas,30 days after radiation,tumor growth recovered (2.60±0.61 cm3,P＞0.05) and lung metastasis was enhanced (100％,P＜0.05).There were no intrahepatic metastasis in the control group and in the group of reimplantation of HCC 2 days after radiation,while the tumors from those 30 days after radiation showed enhanced intrahepatic metastasis (18 ± 8.05,P＜ 0.01 ),with overexpression of SIP1,N-cadherin,Vimentin and TMPRSS4,and reduced expression of E-cadherin.Conclusion The metastasis potential of residual HCC after radiation was first inhibited and then promoted.Overexpression of TMPRSS4 plays a critical role in radiation induced long-term metastasis of HCC by facilitating EMT.

ObjectiveTo study the role and mechanism of low-dose aspirin with IFN-α in inhibiting growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsMHCC97L cells were cultured and a metastatic model of human HCC was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human HCC tissue into the liver of nude (nu/nu) mice.After administration of different doses of Aspirin and IFN-α for 40 days,the mice bearing xenografts in liver were killed,and the tumor volume and lung metastasis were evaluated.Cell proliferation and MMP-2 activity were measured by MTT and gelatin zymography,respectively.The expressions of VEGF and MMP-2 were measured by western blot and ELISA.ResultsCompared to the control group,there were no significant differences in the high-dose Aspirin [45 mg/(kg · d)] treated group regarding tumor volume [(1.89 ±0.88) cm3 vs (3.12±0.85) cm3,P＞0.05] and incidence of lung metastases (58.3％ vs 66.7％,P＞0.05),but the tumor volume and incidence of lung metastasis were significantly inhibited in the highdose IFN-α group [1.5 × 107/(kg · d)],the high-dose IFN-α combined with high-dose Aspirin group,and the low-dose IFN-α [7.5 × 106 / (kg · d) ] combined with low-dose Aspirin [15 mg/(kg · d] group (P＜0.05).2 mmol/L Aspirin did not inhibit the proliferation of MHCC97 cells (P＞0.05),but inhibited the activities and expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF.Low-dose IFN-α combined with low-dose Aspirin significantly decreased the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF in nude mice (P＜0.05).ConclusionLow-dose Aspirin combined with low-dose IFN-α significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of HCC through suppressing the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF.

Objective To investigate a feasibility of using dose constraint template (DCT) to increase conformity index (CI) of planning target volume (PTV) and improve intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning efficiency for early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Ten patients with pathological diagnosed and treated by IMRT were selected for this study. Target volumes were delineated with Corvus 6.3 of treatment planning system, two dose limiting regions(DLR) around PIN were added by extending from PIN,each DLR was 1 cm thick. We created three plans:Plan0,Planl and Plan2. PianO was without DLR and DCT, Planl without DLR but with DCT, Plan2 with both condition;but to compare dose distribution in PLTV and normal tissue using three plans. Results Three plans could fill equal request of dose distribution in PLTV and normal tissue, and their difference was not statistical significant. CI of Plan2 was increased and planning time was decreased significantly compared with Piano and Planl. Conclusloa Usage of DCT together with DLR can increase CI of PTV and improve IMRT planning efficiency for early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma, planning time is shortened significantly.

AIM: To observe the protective effect of non-wounded ischemic preconditioning on ischemic/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. METHODS: 25 male SD rats, weighting (250?30) g, were randomly divided into three groups: control group (C, n= 8), anoxia/reoxygenation group (A, n= 8) and non-wounded legs ischemic preconditioning group (N-WIP, n= 9).Hearts were isolated from rats and perfused on a Langendorff apparatus with a normal Krebs-Henseleit buffer (saturation 95% O 2+5% CO 2) at a constant pressure (8.33 kPa) and temperature (37 ℃) in C group ; Following 15 min equilibration, hearts were subjected to 15 min of global ischemia and 15 min reperfusion (37℃) in A group ; Rats were subjected to non-wounded leg repeated-brief ischemic preconditioning, and then treated in procedure similar to A group in N-WIP group.The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase, malondialdehyde (MDA) content of efflux from coronary vessel and myocardium, myocardium monophasic action potential and contractile force were measured before ischemia, 15 minutes after ischemia and 5, 15 minutes after reperfusion. RESULTS: Compared with A group, non-wounded legs ischemic preconditioning reduced the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias ( P