AIM: To evaluate the effects of Beiling Capsule(cordycepic mycelium) on chronic renal failure(CRF). METHODS: 82 cases of CRF were divided into two groups randomly. 42 cases were treated with Beiling Capsule and the usual treatment, while 40 cases were only treated with the usual treatment as the control group, 2 months coustituing a single therapeutic course. RESULTS: In respect to BUN, the total efficiency of the group with Beiling Capsule was 57.1%, while the control group was 30.0%. In respect to Cr, the total efficiency of the group with Beiling Capsule was 59.5%, while the control group was 32.5%. CONCLUSION: Beiling Capsule provides protection against the progression of CRF.

Objective To investigate the expressions of miR-17 and miR-20a in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their correlations with disease activity.Methods CD4+ T cells were isolated from the venous blood of 30 patients with SLE and 18 healthy human controls.RNA was extracted from the CD4+T cells,and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of miR-17 and miR-20a.The intergroup comparison of miR-17 and miR-20a expression levels was done using t test and Mann-Whitney test,and the correlations of miR-17 and miR-20a expressions with clinical parameters were assessed using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients.Results The patients with SLE showed increased expression levels (2-△c~) of miR-17 and miR-20a compared with the healthy controls (0.24 ± 0.08 vs.0.15 ± 0.06 for miR-17,0.19 ± 0.10 vs.0.12 ± 0.09 for miR-20a,both P ＜ 0.05).The miR-17 and miR-20a expression levels were also significantly higher in patients with active SLE than in those with inactive SLE and the healthy controls (0.27 ± 0.07 vs.0.20 ± 0.05 and 0.16 ± 0.08 for miR-17,0.22 ± 0.10 vs.0.15-0.07 and 0.13 ± 0.09 for miR-20a,all P ＜ 0.05),but similar between the patients with inactive SLE and healthy controls (both P ＞ 0.05).The expression levels of both miR-17 and miR-20a were positively correlated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI)(r =0.45,0.38,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05) and anti-dsDNA antibody level (r =0.54,0.46,respectively,both P ＜0.05),but negatively correlated with serum C3 levels (r =-0.43,-0.42,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Condusions The expressions of miR-17 and miR-20a are increased in CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE,and correlated with the disease activity in SLE.

Aim To observe effects of breviscapine on lymphocyte proliferation and K562 cell death caused by doxorubicin.Methods The cell proliferation was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay,the p53/bcl-2 expression were assessed by western blotting,cell apoptosis was quantitated by Histone/DNA ELISA and flow cytometry,cytochrome C release was determined by ELISA,caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation were examined by colorimetric assay.Results Breviscapine could obviously enhance mouse lymphocyte proliferation and its resistance to doxorubicin,promote growth inhibition,cytochrome C release,caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation in K562 cells which were caused by doxorubicin,upregulate radio of p53/bcl-2 expression,and increase cell apoptosis.Conclusion Breviscapine was able to enhance antitumor effect of doxorubicin,the major mechanism by which breviscapine could promote sensitivity of tumor cell to chemotherapeutic agents might be related to activated apoptosis signal way.

Objective To explore smoking -related health knowledge and attitudes and their association with smoking behaviors among high school students in Shanghai. Methods With stratified random sampling, 9239 students aged 11~20 years old from 57 high schools (19 from each of primary, secondary and professional schools) distributing in whole city were investigated with questionnaire which self -completed anonymously by the students. The contents of the questionnaire included smoking behavior, relation between smoking and health, and attitude to tobacco control policies. Results Of those 9 239 students, there were 19.5% (male 28.2%, female 10.2%) of them who ever smoked; the total mean score of their knowledge and attitude to smoking and health-related issues was 54.42?7.274 (the maximum was 65), and the ratio of total mean score and the maximum score was 0.8065, the highest ratio (0.9767) was found in awareness that smoking was harmful and the lowest (0.3825) in awareness of tobacco control rules and regulations. The scores of each smoking and health -related knowledge and attitude were decreased with increase of cigarette number smoked by students. Compared with other high schools, the lowest scores of each indexes and the highest rate of smoking were found in vocational schools. Conclusion It was found that the smoking behavior was related with their knowledge and attitude that smoking was harmful among high school students in Shanghai. And the tobacco control and intervention should be mainly developed in students of vocational schools.

This paper is to report the development of a high-throughput in vitro system to screen hPXR/CAR mediated CYP2B6 drug inducers, and the application of it into the quick determination of induction activity toward CYP2B6 by various commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) extract. Dual reporter gene assays were performed. The hPXR/CAR expression vectors and the reporter vector pGL3-CYP2B6-Luc involved in the distal and proximal promoters of CYP2B6 were co-transfected into HepG2 cells. Relative luciferase activities in cell lysate were analyzed after 48 h treatment of blank vehicle or drugs to determine the induction activity toward CYP2B6 by various commonly used TCMs extract. The positive hPXR/hCAR activators rifampicin and CITCO were applied to make sure that the reporter gene model was successfully established. Then 5 kinds of commonly used TCM extracts and 1 herbal compound were successfully investigated, some were found to activate hPXR or hCAR and therefore have the potential to induce CYP2B6 enzyme. This is the first domestic article to report the hCAR3-mediated CYP2B6 induction model and the establishment of a reporter gene system for hPXR/CAR-mediated CYP2B6 induction can be an effective and systemic in vitro method to investigate the drug inducers of CYP2B6 and to explain the mechanism involved.

Objective To evaluate clinical application of VCS technology in diagnosis for acute leukemia and its subtypes by LH750 automated hematology analyzer. Methods A total of 178 leukemia patients (105 acute granilocytic leukemia, 42 acute lymphocytic leukemia, 31 acute monecytic leukemia)and 151 non-leukemia patients (86 granulocytic abnormal cases, 35 lymphocytic abnormal cases,30 monocytic abnormal cases) were enrolled into this study. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed by both Coulter LH750 automated hematology analyzer and manual microscopic examination. Microscopic examination was used as reference to evaluate the diagnosis value of VCS technology in blast detecting. VCS parameters were compared for AGL subsets. The clinical value of VCS technology in diagnosis for different acute leukemia was also evaluated by combining VCS scattergram and suspect flags provided by LH750. Results Compared with manual examination, a sensitivity of 95.5% (170/178) and specificity of 95.4% (144/151) were achieved by VCS technology in detecting blasts in acute leukemia and nonleukemia patients. In patients with AGL, the MNV, MNV-SD, MNC and MNC-SD (224.40 ± 23.37,37.40 ±12. 31,145. 80 ±7. 93,24. 79 ±5. 18) were higher than granulocytic abnormal patients( 169.96 ±11.50,29.21 ± 5.27,133.30 ± 5.50, 10.62 ± 4.09) and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 16. 832, 5. 148, 5. 735, 19. 953 respectively, P < 0. 01 ). On the contrary, MNS ( 122. 90 ±6. 35) in AGL patients was significantly lower than granulocytic abnormal patients( 131.00 ± 5. 69, t =-7.64, P<0.01). In patients with ALL, the MLV, MLV-SD, MLC, MLS, MLS-SD (97.60 ± 13.40,22. 35 ± 7.94,110. 00 ± 4. 60,77. 60 ± 19.00,20. 61 ± 3.30 ) were higher than lymphocytic abnormal patients(82. 10 ± 3.00, 14.41 ±2.35, 100.60 ±2.70, 48. 10 ±3.50, 17.60 ± 1.60). The data also showed a statistical significance (t values were 7.576, 6. 118, 4. 041, 9. 353, 2. 988 respectively, P <0.05). In patients with AMOL, the MMV, MMV-SD, MMC, MMC-SD, MMS(197. 30 ±20.50,30.47 ±6.58,123.20 ± 10. 10,6.57 ± 1.57,98.00 ± 5.60) were significantly higher than monocytic abnormal patients( 167.80 ± 15.77,21.90 ± 9. 64,113.60 ± 6. 73,5.20 ± 3. 21,84. 20 ± 14. 35 ) and the differences were statistically significant (t values were 6. 332, 4. 033, 4. 650, 2. 993, 6. 273 respectively , P <0. 01 ).The differences of MNV, MNV-SD, MNC, MNC-SD, MNS-SD for different AGL subtypes were statistically significant ( F values were 21.2, 169. 5, 13.6, 3. 6 and 98.6 respectively, P <0. 01 ). For AGL, ALL and AMOL, the ratios of normal blast distribution in scattergram were 81% (85/105), 74% (31/42) ,and 74% (23/31). Conclusions The VCS parameters can reflect the changes of peripheral white blood cell morphology sensitively. VCS technology can diagnose acute leukemia and its subtypes efficieutly.

In medical physiology experiment courses, the students observe the functions and learn the rules of biological body, in order to improve their abilities of scientific observation, practice and reflection. Emotion control means willpower to manage emotion, which is the regular psychological response when we deal with issues. Integrating the emotion control education to professional education is imperative to elevate the general quality of medical students.

Aim To study antiangiogenesis and antitumor of thalidomide.Methods In HUVECs, cell viability was determined by MTT assay;death type was observed by electron microscope; ratio of apoptosis was quantitated by flow cytometry.Angiogenesis was tested in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane.Effect of thalidomide on S_(180) was examined in homograft mice and microvascular counts were detected through immunochemical staining method.Results Thalidomide might inhibite the growth of HUVECs with a IC_(50) value of(22.91?1.74) ?mol?L~(-1),cells treated by thalidomide for 48 h displayed morphological characteristics of different stages associated with apoptosis,which were irregular nucleus, condensed chromatin, ballooning endoplasmic reticulum, apoptotic bodies,under electron microscope.Thalidomide might be able to cause apoptosis or necrosis of HUVECs in flow cytometry and raised positive of antiangiogenesis with increasing of dosage in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane. Thalidomide as a single agent might not significantly prevent tumor growth but decrease microvascular counts in tumors, however, in combination with cyclophosphamide, thalidomide could decrease dosage of cyclophosphamide and enhance antitumor of cyclophosphamide.Conclusion Thalidomide might hold back angiogenesis,as a single agent, could not significantly prevent S_(180) tumor from growing,but acted synergistically with cyclophosphamide.

AIM:To investigate the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)blockers on TNF-? and the relationship between TNF-? and proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis(CGN).METHODS:32 patients examined by biopsy as primary CGN with proteinuria were treated by benazepril,valsartan or combination with benazepril and valsartan for 8 to 12 weeks respectively.The TNF-? levels in serum and urine,24 hours proteinuria quantity,and serum creatinine level were assayed and recorded respectively before and after 8 to 12 weeks therapy.RESULTS:The TNF-? levels in serum and urine and 24 hours proteinuria quantity were reduced significantly after therapy [(7.8?3.9)vs(5.0?1.6)fmol/mL,(11.9?6.8)vs(8.3?3.5)fmol/mL,(2.6?2.0)vs(1.0?0.5)g,respectively;P

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of valsartan on cardiac hypertrophy and expression of endothelin-1(ET-1) in myocardium of rats with chronic renal failure and explore the mechanism.METHODS: 24 Sprague Dawley male rats were selected,and performed five-sixths nephrectomy to produce chronic renal failure model.Two weeks after the surgery,the rats were randomly divided into model group,valsartan group,and a sham group was established serving as control group.Systolic blood pressure,BUN and serum creatinine were measured at ten weeks after operation,then the rats were sacrificed to take the hearts for pathological histological examination.Hybridization in situ was used to examine the transcription of ET-1 mRNA in myocardium.RESULTS: Systolic pressure,heart weight,heart weight index,left ventricular weight mass(LVM) and left ventricular weight mass index(LVMI) in model group increased significantly tenth week after operation.Systolic pressure,heart weight,heart weight index,LVM and LVMI were decreased markedly in rats with five-sixths nephrectomy by valsartan(P