Objective To explore the diagnosis, surgical treatment and prognosis of thymoma complicated with myasthenia gravis(MG). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 33 thymoma patients with MG, who underwent surgical treatment. Results The total effective rate of operation was 75.8%, and the 5 and 10 years survival rates of the patients after operation were 85% and 78.7%, respectively. According to the Masaoka staging system, the 5 and 10 years survival rates of stages I and II were obviously higher than those of stages III and IV (P

Objective Stress effect plays an important role in the development of some myocardial diseases. We hypothesized it was important nosogenesis to myocardial damage and cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Methods The transplanted hearts from Lewis to Wister rats served as allografts and from Lewis to Lewis rats as isografts based Ono's model. The differential proteins in the transplanted hearts were separated by comparative proteome, and then identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and searched by Matrix Science software system.Results All transplanted hearts were characterized by lumen loss [(total vessel area-luminal area)/total vessel area] in the coronary artery 2 weeks after the operation [(2.07%±0.93%) vs. (27.58%±11.14%), P＜0.01], but more predominant after 8 weeks [(2.34%±1.06%) vs. (72.29%±20.57%), P＜0.01]. All samples of the left ventricle were analyzed by proteomic techniques and 37 distinct proteins involving their respective isoforms and subunits were identified. Nine proteins were correlated to endoplasmic reticulum stress effect and myocardial damage, and 2 proteins were verified by Western blot.Conclusion Stress plays an important role in cardiac allograft damage and the development of rat cardiac allograft vasculopathy.

Objective:To determine the role of stress in myocardial protection of ischemic preconditioning (IPC).
Methods:hTirty rabbits were randomly divided into an IPC group, an etomidate (Etom) group, an ischemic/reperfusion (IR) group, a methylprednisolone (MP) group and a sham group. hTe ratio of infarction size versus risk area (infarct/risk) was calculated. hTe elevations of the serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations as well as the serum cortisol concentrations were measured.
Results:hTe percentages of infarct/risk in the IPC group, the MP group, the IR group, and the Etom group were (5.86±2.81)%, (11.28±3.62)%, (26.79±4.53)%, and (18.19±3.72)%, respectively. The elevations of the serum CK activity in the IPC group, the MP group, the IR group, and the Etom group were (255±89), (314±160), (855±371), and (768±404) U/L, respectively. hTe elevations of serum cTnI concentrations in the IPC group, the MP group, the IR group, and the Etom group were (3.6±0.6),(6.1±2.2), (8.1±3.6), and (6.4±1.6)μg/L, respectively. Those indicators among the groups were signiifcantly different (P<0.05). Cortisol reaction was markedly diminished in the Etom group.
Conclusion: A blunted cortisol reaction can markedly reduce the benefit of IPC while methylprednisolone shows cardioprotective effects, suggesting that stress might be involved in the myocardial protection of IPC.

Objective To observe the effects of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide on the plasma endotoxin and systemic inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to explore its mechanism.Methods 32 patients with elective heart valve replacement surgery during cardiopulmonary bypass were divided into a control group and a treatment group randomly.The patients of treatment group were recievel rhBN (1.5 μg · kg-1 · min-1 bolus intravenous injection before aortic cross-clamping followed by 0.0075 μg · kg-1 · min-1 for 24 hours),while the patients of control group received the same volume of 0.9％ sodium chloride.The plasma levels of endothelin -1 ( ET-1 ),diamine oxidase(DAO),lipopolysaccharide ( LPS),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) before skin incision ( T1 ),the end of CPB ( T2 ),4 h after the end of CPB ( T3 ),8 h after the end of CPB (T4),24h after the end of CPB (T5) respectively.Results Before skin incision ( T1 ),plasma ET-1,DAO,LPS,TNF-α of two group patients showed no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ) ; At each time point after the end of CPB ( T2,T3,T4,T5 ) Plasma DAO,LPS,TNF-α levels of two groups patients were significantly higher than before skin incision ( T1 ) levels ( P ＜ 0.01 ).There was no significant difference of the plasma levels of ET-1 between T5 and T1 in treatment group patients ( P =0.24).At each time point after the end of CPB ( T2,T3,T4,T5 ),treatment group patients'plasma ET-1,DAO,LPS,TNF-α levels were significantly lower than the control group respectively (P ＜0.01 ).The increase in blood ET-1 was highly positive correlated with the increase in blood DAO (r=0.51,P ＜0.01 ).The increase in blood DAO was highly positive correlated with the increase in blood LPS (r =0.77,P ＜ 0.01 ).The increase in blood LPS was significantly positive correlated with the increase in blood TNF-α ( r =0.48,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusion Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide can reduce gastrointestinal vasoconstriction,improve gastrointestinal mucosal perfusion and oxygenation,protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function,preventing intestinal endotoxemia Shift,reduce plasma endotoxin levels and reduce systemic inflammatory response by inhibiting the release of ET-1 during CPB.

Objective To establish the model of myocardial infarction by ligation of the left anterior descending branch in rats.Method Adult inbred strain Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group(n=6) and model groups(n=79).Model of myocardial infarction were established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch.The electrocardiogram(ECG),HE staining tissue sections,and heart function of the rats were compared in the two groups.Results Rats in the model group had showed special changes of ST-T and Q wave in ECG,show serious necrosis of myocytes and proliferation of fibrous tissue compared with rats in the sham group.The left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular develop pressure(LVDP),?dp/dt_(max),heart rate(HR) were significantly decreased in the rats of model group than those of the sham group(P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of aminophylline on cerebral injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants. METHODS: Forty patients who underwent ventricular septal defect within 3 years old were randomly divided into 2 groups(20 cases in each group).Aminophylline group:aminophylline (5 mg/kg) was injected slowly via the vein after anesthesia and maintained at a dose of 0.5 mg/(kg.h) until the end of CPB. CONTROL GROUP: aminophylline was replaced by Ringer's lactated solution. Samples were obtained at the beginning of CPB (T(1)),the end of CPB (T(2)),6 h (T(3)) and 24 h (T(4)) after the operation to measure S-100 beta protein, NSE, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentration by ELISA in the 2 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the time point immediately before CPB, the S-100beta protein,NSE, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 concentration in the 2 groups began to increase with the start of CPB, reached a climax at the end of CPB (T(2)),decreased gradually 6 h after the termination of CPB(T(3)) and could not restore to the level before CPB at T(4)(24 h after the termination of CPB).IL-10 in the 2 groups both increased after the CPB. At T(2) and T(3), S-100beta protein,NSE, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 concentrations were significantly lower than those in the aminophylline group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while IL-10 was just the opposite. CONCLUSION There is cerebral damage induced by CPB. Aminophylline may play a protective role in cerebral injury by modulating the balance between the pro-inflammatory factor and anti-inflammatory factor to reduce the level of S-100beta protein and NSE during CPB and open cardiac surgeries.
Aminophylline ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Brain Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; Neuroprotective Agents ; therapeutic use ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To determine the cardioprotection of adenosine treatment in cadaver donor rats with warm ischemia. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. Group C was a control group. Group I(5), I(15), and I(30): The donor hearts from the cadaver rats that died of acute hemorrhagic shock and within warm ischemic durations of 5, 15, and 30 min, respectively, and the donor hearts were perfused with STH-1 for 30 min before cervical heterotopic heart transplantation. Group A(5), A(15), and A(30) were adenosine treatment groups and the donor hearts were obtained as mentioned above and perfused with STH-1 plus adenosine (adenosine concentration 1.2 mmol/L) before cervical heterotopic heart transplantation. We detected the change of the grafts including ultrastructure, the level of ATP, SOD, and MDA, NF-kappaB mRNA, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 24 h after the transplantation. RESULTS: At the same time point, compared with Group I(5), I(15), and I(30), Group A(5), A(15), and A(30) showed increased ATP and SOD in the myocardial tissues, and decreased MDA, NF-kappaB mRNA, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Adenosine treatment can protect the graft in cadaver donor rats with warm ischemia. The mechanism may improve the myocardial energy metabolism, attenuate lipid peroxidation injury, suppress the expression of NF-kappaB mRNA, and decrease the inflammatory damage of TNF-alpha and IL-6.
Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; Heart Transplantation ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Organ Preservation ; methods ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Warm Ischemia ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level of the atherosclerosis rabbits.

METHODTwenty-four male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n = 8) was fed with normal diet; the model group (n = 8) was fed with high fat/high cholesterol diet; and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (n = 8) was fed with high fat/high cholesterol diet and intragastric administrated with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction 7.10 g x kg(-1) x d(-1). Concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), serum ADMA and serum nitric oxide (NO) were measured after eight weeks. Rabbits' aorta were made into the pathological section to observe the pathology changes degree and atherosclerotic plaqu mean gray value and plaque area were analyzed by OPTIMAS image analysis system.

RESULT1) Compared with the aortic atherosclerotic plaqu mean gray value of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group 175.56 +/- 12.30, those of the model group 198.91 +/- 5.08 were significant higher (P < 0.01). Significant difference were found between the the aortic atherosclerotic plaque area of the model group (4.80 +/- 0.83) mm2 and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (1.96 +/- 0.48) mm2 (P < 0.01). There were no atherosclerotic plaque in the control group rabbits' aorta. 2) The serum TC (23.42 +/- 7.80) mmol x L(-1), TG (2.37 +/- 0.42) mmol x L(-1) and LDL (17.24 +/- 8.29) mmol x L(-1) of the model group were higher than those of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (P < 0.01); Compared with control group, the serum TC (15.63 +/- 4.12) mmol x L(-1) and LDL (7.64 +/- 2.36) mmol x L(-1) of the Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group increased significantly, while there were no significant changes between serum TG of control group (1.11 +/- 0.26) mmol x L(-1) and serum TG of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (1.43 +/- 0.34) mmol x L(-1). The serum ADMA of the model group (1.57 +/- 0.17) micromol x L(-1) were higher than those of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (1.01 +/- 0.13) micromol x L(-1) (P < 0.01), while the serum NO of the model group (8.76 +/- 2.42) micromol x L(-1) were significantly lower than those of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (15.90 +/- 2.38) micromol x L(-1) (P < 0.01). There were no significant difference between the serum ADMA of the control group (0.93 +/- 0.11) micromol x L(-1) and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group. Compared with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group, the serum NO of the control group (17.88 +/- 3.34) micromol x L(-1) have no significant difference. 3) The serum ADMA of all rabbits negatively correlated to the serum NO (r = -0.773), (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONXuefu Zhuyu decoction can decrease the serum ADMA level in atherosclerosis rabbits. The effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on anti-atherosclerosis may be related to the decreased serum ADMA level.

Animals ; Arginine ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and various immune cell composition in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). METHODS: The clinical data of 104 patients with AML undergoing allo-HSCT in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the hematopoietic reconstitution and occurrence of GVHD were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of various types of immune cells in the grafts, the number of graft composition in patients with different degrees of aGVHD was calculated and compared, and to analyze the correlation between the severity of aGVHD in AML patients after allo-HSCT and the immune cell components in the graft. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the time of hematopoietic reconstitution between the high number group of total number of nucleated cells (TNC) and the low number group, while the time of neutrophil and platelet reconstruction in the high number of CD34 group was significantly faster than that in the low number of CD34 group (P＜0.05), and the total hospital stay also tends to be shorten. Compared with patients in 0-Ι aGVHD group, both HLA-matched and HLA-haploidentical transplantation, the infusion amounts of CD3⁺ cells, CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells, CD3⁺CD8⁺ cells, NK cells and CD14⁺ monocytes were higher in patients of Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD group， but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05); In addition, in patients with HLA-haploidentical transplantation, the number of CD4⁺CD25⁺ cells in Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD group was significantly lower than that in 0-Ι aGVHD group (P<0.05), and the same trend was also observed in HLA-matched transplanted patients, but the difference was not significant (P=0.078). CONCLUSION High number of CD34⁺ cells in the graft is beneficial to hematopoietic reconstitution in AML patients. To a certain degree, high number of CD3⁺ cells, CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells, CD3⁺CD8⁺ cells, NK cells and CD14⁺ cells tend to increase the occurrence of aGVHD, but high number of CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells is beneficial to reduce the incidence of aGVHD in AML patients.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications* ; Graft vs Host Disease

Humans ; Toxoplasmosis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematologic Diseases