Objective To study the expression of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) in serous ovarian tumors and its significance.Methods The expression level of CD166 protein,estrogen receptor,progestogen receptor were detected by immunohistochemical staining in 56 cases of malignant tumors,30 cases of borderline tumors and 10 cases of benign tumors,the relationship was investigated between the expression of CD166 and clinicopathologic information and its correlation with the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progestogen receptor (PR).Results The positive rates of CD166 protein in malignant,borderline and benign epithelial ovarian tumors were 87.5 ％ (49/56),56.7 ％ (17/30) and 10.0 ％ (1/10) respectively,there were significant differences (x2 =7.463,31.054,10.563,all P ＜ 0.01).There were also significant differences in positive rates of CD166 protein among different clinical stages,pathologic grades and lymph node metastasis of epithelial ovarian tumors (x2 =41.205,Z =-4.663,Z =-2.981,all P ＜ 0.01).There was a negative correlation between the expression of CD166 protein and the leves of ER and PR (x2 =23.36,21.441,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion CD166 takes part in development and progression of serous ovarian carcinoma.The expression of CD166 increase significantly in ovarian serous carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:Caspase plays a crucial role in the cellapoptosis, but the influence of different facial nerve injury on caspase 1, caspase 8, cyto-c protein expression and their correlation stil remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To construct facial nerve crush or distal transection injury models, observe the morphological changes of facial motoneurons, investigate death gene caspase 3, caspase 8, cyto-c expression, and analyze their correlation.
METHODS:Facial nerve crush or distal transection injury model was established in the right facial nerve of rats, while the left facial nerve served as normal controls. We observed the morphology and the death of facial motoneurons with toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope. Expressions of caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c proteins were studied by immunohistochemistry analysis fol owing facial nerve injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both facial nerve distal transection and crush injury resulted in the death of facial motoneurons, and the death pattern was mainly apoptosis. Caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c protein expressions were observed in the subnucleus of normal rat facial nucleus. cells of the distal transection group were stained more intensely than that of crush group. Expressions of these proteins began to increase at 3 days after the injuries. Caspase 3 and caspase 8 protein expression peaked at 14 days, whereas cyto-c protein expression peaked at 7 days after the injuries. Expressions of caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c proteins were correlated with facial nerve injury type and injury time. Expressions of caspase 8 and cyto-c protein were correlated with expression of caspase 3 protein. The findings indicate that, caspase 8 and cyto-c contribute to activate caspase 3, and caspase cascade reaction plays an important role in the apoptosis of facial motoneurons.

Object To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on myocardial Gs? mRNA expression of seriously scalded rat. Methods A 30% skin full thickness scald model was produced by immersing rat in 95 ℃ water for 10 s. The effects of PNS on myocardial Gs? mRNA level were observed with dot blotting hybridization and in situ hybridization technique; effects on cAMP and adenyl cyclase (AC) activities were determined with radioimmunoassay. Results Myocardial Gs? mRNA, AC activity and cAMP content were reduced significantly 3 h after scalding. PNS (100, 200 mg/kg) could markedly increase the level of myocardial Gs? mRNA expression. The elevated quantity was correlated markedly with PNS dosage (r = 0.95, P

Pathology rotation is an important part in resident standardization training. Impor-tance should be attached to the residents' learning during the standardization training in Pathology De-partment, such as standardizing training and strict departmental rotation examination, developing the residents' thinking ability of the relationship between clinical and pathology with the main line of spe-cialty pathology learning , and improving clinical research capacity through pathology technical methods and principles, and training pathology literacy from pathology requisition filled to interpreta-tion of the pathology report, which will also help to improve the medical service quality of the hospital.

Objective To analyze mutations in the cathepsin C (CTSC) gene in a patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS).Methods Clinical data were collected from a patient with PLS.Two milliliters of venous blood samples were obtained from the patient,his parents and 100 unrelated healthy controls separately.DNA was extracted from these blood samples,and PCR was performed to amplify all the 7 exons of the CTSC gene followed by direct DNA sequencing.Results Two heterozygous mutations were observed in the CTSC gene of the patient.One was a novel mutation c.824C ＞ T at position 824 in the exon 6,which resulted in a substitution of ACC (threonine) by ATC (isoleucine) at codon 275 (p.T275I).The other one was the mutation c.1040A ＞ G at position 1040 in the exon 7,causing the substitution of TAT (tyrosine) by TGT (cysteine) at codon 347 (p.Y347C).His father and mother carried the heterozygous mutation c.824C ＞ T and c.1040A ＞ G respectively.Neither of the two mutations was observed in the 100 healthy controls.Conclusions CTSC mutations are responsible for the clinical phenotype of PLS.Identification of the c.824C ＞ T mutation extends the spectrum of mutations in the CTSC gene and provides a basis for genetic diagnosis of PLS.

As a potent anticoagulant, leech a traditional Chinese medicine, has become increasing topics. Hirudin, which is the primary effective component in leech, is a specific and efficient inhibitor of thrombin, mainly used in prevention and treatment of thrombus on the clinic practice. However, there is still no accurate and convenient method reported about the determination of it's biological activity. This paper reported a method for the determination of the biological activity the of extract from hirudo. The extra thrombin, which was not inhibited by hirudin in the extract from hirudo, reacted with N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester and was determined. The biological activity of the hirudo extract was determined, indirectly. The linear of calibration curve and accuracy were both perfect, the method was accurate and reliable.
Animals ; Arginine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Biological Factors ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Assays ; methods ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hirudins ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hirudo medicinalis ; chemistry ; Thrombin ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of watertight suture technique in skull base reconstruction after expanded endoscopic endonasal excision of tuberculum sellae meningioma.Methods:Fourteen patients with tuberculum sellae meningioma accepted expanded endoscopic endonasal excision of tuberculum sellae meningioma in Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2018 to May 2022 were chosen. During reconstruction of skull base, femoral fascia was used to repair the dural defect of sellar base with watertight suture, and then the sellar base was covered with a larger layer of femoral fascia for reinforcement; no nasal septum mucosal flap was used. The clinical data and treatment efficacy of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Total resection showed by imaging was achieved in all 14 patients. During the surgery, Valsalva ventilation test confirmed that at least 12 stitches were needed to achieve watertight suture status; watertight suture status was achieved in 13 of the 14 patients, without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage; watertight suture status was not achieved in one patient due to tumor invasion of the sella floor dura and having an extensive excision, and CSF leakage appeared transiently after surgery but disappeared 2 weeks after surgery (bed rest). Among the 11 patients with visual damage and optic field defect, 9 patients improved obviously and 2 patients did not improve. Follow-up was performed for 5-53 months, with an average of (26.8±8.4) months; no tumor recurrence or CSF leakage were found in these patients; up to the last follow-up, the 2 patients with visual damage and optic field defect did not improve.Conclusion:Skull base reconstruction using watertight suture technique after expanded endoscopic endonasal excision of tuberculum sellae meningioma is reliable.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of resection of jugular foramen schwannomas via anterolateral approach. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 15 patients with jugular foramen schwannomas admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from January 2018 to July 2022. Three patients had Samii type B, 7 had type C and 5 had type D. Resection of the schwannomas was performed via anterolateral approach. After surgery, regular follow-up was performed through outpatient review, telephone, or WeChat to evaluate tumor progression and neurological functions. Results:Adequate surgical exposure was obtained in all 15 patients. Total resection was obtained in 14 patients and subtotal resection in 1 patient. Posterior cranial nerve palsy was worsened in 1 patient and new-onset facial paralysis (House-Brackmann grading Ⅲ) was noted in 1 patient, without cerebrospinal fluid leakage, subcutaneous effusion or death. Choking and cough during drinking water, and dysphagia disappeared or relieved 3 months after surgery in patients with aggravated posterior cranial nerve palsy, but no significant recovery from hoarseness was noted 6 months after surgery. A patient with new-onset facial paralysis improved to House-Brackmann grading I 3 months after surgery. Up to the last follow-up, no tumor recurrence was observed in 15 patients.Conclusion:Resection via anterolateral approach is effective in jugular foramen schwannomas for its adequate surgical exposure, high total resection rate, and low postoperative complications.

Trauma is the leading cause of death for people under 40 years old in the world. At present, the rescue and treatment system of trauma patients in China is not yet well established, and the mortality of trauma patients is higher than those in the developed countries. Improving the treatment system is the key to reducing the trauma mortality. In order to innovate the service mode of trauma first aid, further promote the establishment of regional trauma first aid system, improve the ability of trauma treatment, reduce the mortality and disability rate of trauma patients in Jiangxi Province, recently Health Commission of Jiangxi Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University have reached a consensus on the establishment of Jiangxi trauma first aid center. In order to provide reference for the construction of trauma treatment system, the author analyzes the following aspects including functional positioning, basic requirements, organization management, and evaluation of core indicators.

GGGGCC repeat expansions in the C9ORF72 gene are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (c9ALS/FTD). It has been reported that hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9ORF72 produce five dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins by an unconventional repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation. Within the five DPR proteins, poly-PR and poly-GR that contain arginine are more toxic than the other DPRs (poly-GA, poly-GP, and poly-PA). Here, we demonstrated that poly-PR peptides transferred into cells by endocytosis in a clathrin-dependent manner, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death. In SH-SY5Y cells and primary cortical neurons, poly-PR activated JUN amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and increased the levels of p53 and Bax. The uptake of poly-PR peptides by cells was significantly inhibited by knockdown of clathrin or by chlorpromazine, an inhibitor that blocks clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Inhibition of clathrin-dependent endocytosis by chlorpromazine significantly blocked the transfer of poly-PR peptides into cells, and attenuated poly-PR-induced JNK activation and cell death. Our data revealed that the uptake of poly-PR undergoes clathrin-dependent endocytosis and blockade of this process prevents the toxic effects of synthetic poly-PR peptides.