The treatment of liver fibrosis with TCM has become a hot spot for researches.TCM treatment has established a solid basis for the research and treatment of this disease.This article made an overview about the therapeutic methods of TCM in treating liver fibrosis,hoping to make a contribution to promote therapeutic level of treating this disease clinically.

Objective To probe into modulation effect between the EDRF/NO And ET.Methods In the whole Wister rat and rat's aorta perfusion model,they are carried through relative factors so that dynamic change of MABP,plasm ET-ir and cGMP level of tissue is observed.Results Whole Wister rat's experiment results:① In ET group,MABP first instantly(1~2min)reduces 6.58?0.67kPa,afterwards duratively enhances,it assumes the bidirectional response,when it reaches to 30min,MABP elevates 33.3?0.4kPa than before taking ET;Causes the aortic cGMP content to elevate,comparatively group control to increase 74.5%;② In L-NNA group,MABP slow rise,within 30min elevates to 4.62?2.04kPa;With control group comparison,the GMP level is reduced 5 times(0.42?0.08 versus the control 2.14?0.18pmol/mg Pr,P0.05);④ In Ach group,The vascular ET release reduces [406?31 versus control group 514?50pg/(g.w.w),P

Objective To probe into modulation effect between the EDRF/NO And AngⅡ.Methods In the whole Wister rat and rat's aorta perfusion model,they are carried through relative factors so that dynamic changes of plasm AngⅡ-ir,cGMP level of tissue and vascular AngⅡ release level are observed.Results Whole Wister rat's experiment results:In AngⅡ group,the aortic cGMP content is markedly elevated compared with group control(P

Genetic modification technology is a new molecular tool for targeted genome modification. It includes zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) technology, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) technology and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) (CRISPR-Cas) nucleases technology. All of these nucleases create DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) at chromosomal targeted sites and induce cell endogenous mechanisms that are primarily repaired by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathway, resulting in targeted endogenous gene knock-out or exogenous gene insertion. In recent years, genetic modification technologies have been successfully applied to bacteria, yeast, human cells, fruit fly, zebra fish, mouse, rat, livestock, cynomolgus monkey, Arabidopsis, rice, tobacco, maize, sorghum, wheat, barley and other organisms, showing its enormous advantage in gene editing field. Especially, the newly developed CRISPR-Cas9 system arose more attention because of its low cost, high effectiveness, simplicity and easiness. We reviewed the principles and the latest research progress of these three technologies, as well as prospect of future research and applications.
Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; Endonucleases ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Plants ; Zinc Fingers

Objective To examine the neuroprotective effects of amantadine(AMA),a non-competitive NMDA receptor an-tagonist,on the hypoxic-ischemic(HI)brain injury of neonatal rats and the possible mechanisms.Methods Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)models were established in seven-day-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by ligating the right ce-phalic artery and then inhaling 8% oxygen for 2 h.All the rats were divided into 3 groups:control group(n=15),HIE group(n=15),and AMA group(n=45).Animals in AMA group were intranasally treated with AMA at 50 mg/kg 30 min before and 15 min after ligation and 30 min before inhalation(15 rats each used at the three time points).The right-to-left hemispheric weight ratio was calculated 7 days after the HI brain injury.The right hippocampus tissues of rats(n=45)were harvested 24 h after the HI brain injury and the concentrations of IL-1βand IL-6 were detected by ELISA.The outcomes of behavior tests(in-volving 45 rats)including Barnes maze test,motor coordination test and fear conditioning test,were evaluated 30 days after the HI brain injury.Results Intranasal AMA significantly increased the right-to-left hemispheric weight ratio,lowered the concen-trations of IL-1βand IL-6 in the right hippocampus of rats and promoted the behavior functions 15 min after ligation(P<0.05) . Conclusion Intranasal AMA can provide neuroprotection partially by reducing the hippocampal inflammation in the neonatal rats with HI brain injury.

Objective To investigate the anesthetic action of intraperitoneal (i.p.) emulsified isoflurane and determine ED50 and LD50 in rats. Methods One hundred and thirty SD rats aged 6-8 weeks veighing 120-150 g were randomly divided into three groups: (A) control group ( n = 10) ; (B) ED50 group ( n = 60) ; (C) LDSO group (n = 60) . Group B and C were further divided into 6 subgroups with 10 animals (5 male, 5 female) in each subgroup. In control group a single bolus of 30% emulsified fat 2ml/100g body weight was administered i. p. In ED50 group a single bolus of 2.30% -6.0% vol/vol emulaified isoflurane 1.5 ml/100 g was administered i. p. and righting reflex was recorded. In LD50 group a single bolus of 4.09% - 10.64% vol/vol emulsified isoflurane 2 ml?100 g-1 was given i.p. and toxic response and lethal dose were recorded. The concentration ratio of the two neighbouring subgroups was 1:0.825. Results The ED50 of emulsified isoflurane was (0.57?0.07) ml.kg-1 and 95% confidence limit (CL) was (0.51-0.64)ml?kg-1 . The average onset time of action was (2.64 ?0.99) min and the average duration of action was (28 ? 11) min. The LD50 of emulsified isoflurane was (1. 26 ?0.10) ml?kg-1 and 95% confidence limit was 1.10-1.45 ml?kg-1 . The therapeutic index (LD50/ED50)was 2. 24. Conclusion Intraperitoneal emulsified isoflurane can provide effective general anesthesia and can be used for animal experiments which need anesthesia of short duration.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of atorvastatin on pulmonary hyper-tension in chronic pulmonary heart disease.Methods Sixty eight patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease were randomly divided into treatment group (n=35) and observation group ( n=33 ).Thirty healthy people were picked up from people taking physical examination at the same stage as control group.Patients in both treatment and observation groups were given routine treatment and the observation group were given atorvastatin (20 mg/d) supplement.Changes in pulmonary function,ultrasound cardiogram,plasma high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin (IL-8) were observed before and after 6 months of treatment.Results The levels of hs-CRP,IL-8 and pulmonary arterial pressure in treatment and observation groups are higher than that in normal group before treatment (t=2.87,2.79,3.01,3.28,3.31,3.15,respectively,and P =0.005,0.007,0.004,0.001,0.001,0.002,respectively).The pulmonary arterial pressure,hs-CRP,IL-8 in observation group after treated for 6 months were significantly lower than those before treatment and in treatment group (t=2.17,2.59,2.63,1.91,1.86,1.74,respectively,and P =0.039,0.008,0.007,0.031,0.037,0.042,respectively).The pulmonary function indexes including FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in observation group were much better than those in treatment group after 6 months treatment (t=1.84,2.13,respectively,and =0.037,0.024,respectively).There were no significant differences on these indicators in treatment group after 6 months treatment when compared with before treatment ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Atorvastatin can effectively improve the life quality and pulmonary function,decrease pulmonary arterial pressure of patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease.These effects may be related to the inhibition of inflammation in pulmonary vessels.

Surgical resection and liver transplantation are still the preferred treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).For the patients with advanced HCC which are not suitable for surgical resection,traditional chemotherapy can not improve the prognosis.Molecular targeted therapy is a new method and tendency in the treatment of HCC.Multiple targets inhibitors,vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies for HCC are widely researched and applied.

Objective: To discuss the application value with two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking technique in the evaluation of left ventricular function in patients with OSAS. Methods: Selected 110 cases of hospital patients with OSAS in recent years, used STI technical analysis of left ventricular myocardium using different directions overall resilience, Left ventricular torsion and systolic mitral annular midpoint of the maximum displacement (MAD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) relationship, performed using SPSS 17.0 statistical correlation analysis. Results: MAD had a significant correlation with LVEF(r=0.81, P<0.01); GLS(r=-0.74, P<0.01),GRS GRS(r=0.57, P<0.01),GCS (r=-0.55, P<0.01) and LVtw(r=0.65, P<0.01)were significantly associated with LVEF;MAD and GLs(r=-0.69, P<0.01),GRs (r=0.49, P<0.01), LVtw (r=0.45, P<0.01)were significantly associated;MAD and GCs (r=-0.39, P<0.05)with a negative correlation. Conclusion:STI resilience through the myocardium, ventricular torsion and systolic mitral annular maximum displacement at the midpoint of the analysis, can accurately evaluate left ventricular longitudinal, radial and torsional motion synchronization, highly correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction, good consistency, with a very broad application prospects.

Objective To investigate the effect of selective phosphatase inhibitors Salubrinal on autophagy and apoptosis in the lung tissue of rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning,and to explore its mechanism.Methods 200 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups by randomized arrangement table formed by computer,with 50 rats in each group.PQ poisoning model was reproduced by one time gastric lavage with 1 mL of 40 mg/kg PQ solution followed by intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL normal saline (NS) once a day.The rats in control group were lavaged once with 1 mL of NS followed by intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL NS twice a day.The rats in Sal 0.5 and Sal 1.0 groups were intraperitoneal injected with 1 mL Salubrinal 0.5 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg on the 1st,3rd,and 5th day after PQ poisoning once a day.The lung tissue was harvested on the 7th day after poisoning,and the changes in histomorphology were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.The positive expression of autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ in lung tissue was observed after immunohistochemistry staining,and LC3-Ⅱ and caspase-3 protein expressions were determined by Western Blot.Results HE staining results showed partial abnormal pulmonary structure in the PQ poisoning group:collapse of pulmonary alveoli,enlargement of the cavity,local infiltration of inflammatory cells,increasing thickness in the alveoli wall and obvious bleeding in the local lung tissue.Compared with the PQ poisoning group,the above changes in Sal 0.5 and Sal 1.0 groups were obviously relieved.It was shown by immunohistochemistry staining that compared with control group,the positive expression of LC3-Ⅱ was obviously decreased in the PQ poisoning group,Sal 0.5,and Sal 1.0 groups (A value:78.34 ± 10.71,76.52 ± 8.21,77.48 ± 9.11 vs.117.58 ± 15.26,all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in positive expression of LC3-Ⅱ between each of the later three groups (all P＞0.05).Western Blot results showed:compared with the control group,the protein expressions of LC3-Ⅱ and caspase-3 were significantly increased in PQ poisoning group [LC3-Ⅱ (A value):0.22 ±0.05 vs.0.14 ±0.03,caspase-3 (A value):0.115 ± 0.013 vs.0.023 ± 0.006,both P＜0.05].Compared with PQ poisoning group,the protein expressions of LC3-Ⅱ and caspase-3 were obviously decreased in the Sal 0.5 and Sal 1.0 groups [LC3-Ⅱ (A value):0.19 ±0.05,0.18 ±0.04 vs.0.22 ±0.05; caspase-3 (A value):0.078 ±0.012,0.076 ±0.010 vs.0.115 ±0.013,all P＜0.05].Conclusions The endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy is activated in the pulmonary cell of acute PQ poisoning rats.Salubrinal can decrease the autophagy and apoptosis in the lung of rats with acute PQ poisoning,which play a role in the treatment.