Objective To compare the treatment effect of laparoscopic appendectomy(LA)and open appendectomy(OA).To investigate the worth of endoscopic technology in LA.Methods 123 cases of LA and 989 cases of OA performed were studied retrospectively.The clinical data of two groups were summarized,contrasted and analyzed respectively.Results The times of operation,taking food and hospitalization in LA group were obviously shorter than those in OA group.The postoperative pain and the rate of incision infection in LA group were obviously superior to those in OA group.While the cost of hospitalization in LA was obviously higher than that of OA.Conclusion LA have advantages of minimal invasion,quicker recovery.safety and reliability,has significant advantages in treaing appendicitis and should be promoted.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH)improved,Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoideeomy and Ferguson-Mitchell hemorrhoidecomy in the treatment of the Ⅲ～Ⅳdegree mixed hemorrhoids.Methods 45 cases admitted for surgical treatment of Ⅲ～Ⅳ degree hemorrhoids,were randomly divided into 3 groups,the improved PPH,MMH and FMH were retrospectively reviewed,and it is separately reviewed for the operation time,pain index,length of hospital stay,return to normal activity time,postoperation complication and patients satisfaction etc.Results There was reasonably evidence in favor improved PPH for operating time,hospital stay,pain,anal discharge,and patients satisfaction.Conclusion The improved PPH is a safe and effective procedure for Ⅲ～Ⅳ hemorrhoids and its short-term outcome is more better than Milligan-Morgan and Ferguson-Mitchdl group.

RNA interference (RNAi), as a new technology of gene therapy, has been used in the studies of many diseases in vitro, however, targeting delivery of small interference RNA (siRNA) is still a bottleneck for clinical therapy of siRNA agents. Aptamer is a group of oligonucleotides with high affinity and targeting, and is becoming another important means of delivery for siRNA. In this review, we summarized siRNA delivery obstacles in vivo and recent attractive developments increatively using cell-internalizing aptamers to deliver siRNAs to target cells.

As targeted drugs to B-cell malignancies, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been proved to be important in therapeutic antibody field. With three generations in more than ten years' development, the structures of these drugs have been improved, and many new indications have been found. Nowadays, these kinds of antibodies are not only used in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies, but also been proved to be useful in some autoimmune diseases treatment, and their new indications are still being expanded. With the optimization of their clinical dosage regimens, drug reaction has been increased, thus, therapeutic and side effects of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody have been further improved as well. However, the exact mechanism of action of their combination therapy with other chemical drugs is still unclear, which remains to be further studied. This article reviewed new development of anti-CD20 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies research in recent years.

Compared to ligand-binding assay( LBA) , liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry( LC-MS/MS) methods could improve specificity, reduce the time of method development and enhance efficiency for quantitation of monoclonal antibodies( mAb) .This review summarizes the application of LC-MS/MS assays to the quantitation of mAb in order to facilitate the research of quantitation of mAb in drug development.

To study the pharmacokinetics of cantide, an antisense oligonucleotide, and its metabolites after iv gtt administration in rhesus monkeys, a dual solid phase extraction pretreatment method coupling with non-gel sieving capillary electrophoresis analysis method was used for determination of cantide and its metabolites in plasma and their pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The pharmacokinetic behavior of cantide and its metabolites (M1 and M2) after iv gtt administration (8, 16 and 24 mg kg(-1)) in rhesus monkeys were investigated. After iv gtt administration of cantide to rhesus monkeys, cantide in plasma was eliminated rapidly and the terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) was 57.91-77.97 min, the correlation coefficients (r) to the dose of Cmax AUC(o-inf) and AUC(0-t) of the prototype was 0.9918, 0.9568 and 0.9773, respectively. The metabolites of cantide reached the Cmax following cantide immediately and the Cmax of metabolites were lower than that of the prototype. The CL(S) of cantide and its metabolites (M1 and M2) were 1.60-2.19, 5.92-8.58 and 6.07-8.78 mL min(-1) kg(-1), respectively. So, it is concluded that the Cmax of cantide and its metabolites increased with the dose, which is the same as their AUC(0-inf) and AUC(0-t). The CL(S) of metabolites were higher than that of the prototype. The MRT and t1/2 of metabolites in the high dose group increased obviously.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) for plasma cell mastitis. METHODS: Radiographs of MSCT for forty-six patients with plasma cell mastitis diagnosed by pathological examination were reviewed. RESULTS: The findings of MSCT of plasma cell mastitis could be divided into four types, including the inflammation type, the abscess type, the sinus and fistula type, and the mixed type, and each type had its radiographic characteristics. CONCLUSION: MSCT is helpful for diagnosing plasma cell mastitis and should be used as an examination of first choice for the patients.

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and a flow cytometry assay ( FCA ) based on Wil2-S cells were developed and systematically compared for quantification of recombinant anti-CD20 humanized monoclonal antibody ( rh-anti-CD20zumab) in biological matrix. The specificity, precision and accuracy of each method at correspondingly different linear range showed good results. For ELISA, the precisions of intra-day and inter-day were both <19 . 5%, the relative error was from-18 . 2% to 17 . 6%;For FCA, the precisions of intra-day and inter-day were both <19. 0%, the relative error was from -18. 9% to 18. 4%. The sensitivity of ELISA was significantly higher than that of FCA. The quantitative ranges of ELISA and FCA methods were 0. 04-5. 0 mg/L and 3. 1-200 mg/L, respectively. The concentrations in serum samples and pharmacokinetics analysis were determined by both of two methods after vein drip administration of rh-anti-CD20zumab in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacokinetics data showed that there was excellent consistency between results obtained by two methods at the given dose. We believe that the novel FCA with high speed and high sensitivity can be used to perform PK and PD study of cell surface antigen-targeted antibody derivatives.

Objective To design an integrated emergency medical treatment system mounted on helicopter, which can meet the requirements of field treatment and evacuation in emergency disasters or local wars, the system has immobile form and mobile form. Methods With the characteristics of existing helicopter considered, the components of the system were supposed to include a universal stretchers, overall structure and embedded emergency devices and support transport accessories. Results The system could realize the destination of swift response and air-and ground first-aid, the new model of swift response can made the regulation and principle of first -aid more reasonable, and increases the survival rate significantly. Conclusion Critical diseases have become the latest killer in daily life. The first-aid on spot need the new model of swift response and air -and ground first -aid, the system can decrease the invalidity and mortality.

Hepatitis B virus ( HBV) is an important pathogen threatening to human health. Up to date, various of cell infection models and animal models for HBV and the host are widely used in the exploring research of infection mechanism, new drug development and effective therapeutic method for HBV. However, these models have some defects, such as low infection rate, rather short infective stage, and comparatively large species differences with human, and so on. Among them, the biggest problem is that these models cannot completely simulate HBV infection process and pathological changes naturally occurred in human. Herein, the major HBV infection models developed in the past fifteen years, as well as the latest research progress, are presented as a brief review, to provide a reference for constructing novel HBV infection models in the future.