Objective: To analyze the association of participation in non-sports extracurricular tutoring classes with the prevalence of screening myopia, axial length (AL) and axial length to corneal radius ratio (AL/CR) among primary school students, so as to provide evidences for formulating myopia prevention and control policies. Methods: In December 2024, combination of convenience and cluster sampling method was used to select 2 273 students from two primary schools in Hefei City, Anhui Province. Ophthalmic examinations and questionnaire surveys were conducted to obtain information on myopia, AL, AL/CR and participation in various types of extracurricular tutoring. A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between non-sports tutoring and screening myopia, and multiple linear regression models were used to examine the associations between non-sports tutoring and AL and AL/CR. Results: Among the surveyed students, the participation rate in non-sports extracurricular tutoring classes was 64.9% , and the overall prevalence of screening myopia was 39.1%. The average AL and AL/CR were (23.60± 1.01 ) mm and (3.00±0.12), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that students who attended non-sports, music, or academic tutoring classes for ≥2 h per week had higher risks of screening myopia and greater AL/CR values than non-participants (screening myopia: OR =1.38, 1.82, 1.55; AL/CR: β =0.01, 0.03, 0.03; all P <0.05). After adjusting for sex, grade, and participation in sports tutoring, multivariate analysis indicated that participation in non-sports and musical instrument tutoring classes for ≥2 h per week remained significantly associated with higher risks of screening myopia ( OR =1.26, 1.49, both P <0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that participation in musical instrument tutoring for ≥2 h per week was positively correlated with AL ( β=0.14, P < 0.05). Conclusions Participation in non-sports extracurricular tutoring is common among primary school students. Attending non-sports tutoring classes for ≥2 h per week increases the risk of screening myopia.

OBJECTIVES: To synthesize a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot (MMMR) using temperature and magnetic field-assisted microfluidic droplet technology to achieve targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release. METHODS: Microfluidic droplet technology was utilized to synthesize the MMMR by mixing gelatin with magnetic microparticles. The microrobot possessed a magnetic anisotropy structure to allow its navigation and targeted drug release by controlling the temperature field and magnetic field. In the experiment, the MMMR was controlled to move in a wide range along a preset path by rotating a uniform magnetic field, and the local circular motion was driven by a planar rotating gradient magnetic field of different frequencies. The MMMR was loaded with simulated drugs, which were released in response to laser heating. RESULTS: Driven by a rotating magnetic field, the MMMR achieved linear motion following a predefined path. The planar gradient rotating magnetic field controlled circular motion of the MMMR with an adjustable radius, utilizing the centrifugal force generated by rotation. The drug-loaded MMMR successfully reached the target location under magnetic guidance, where the gelatin matrix was melted using laser heating for accurate drug release, after which the remaining magnetic particles were removed using magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS The MMMR possesses multimodal motion capabilities to enable precise navigation along a predefined path and dynamic regulation of drug release within the target area, thus having great potential for a wide range of biomedical applications.
Drug Delivery Systems/methods* ; Temperature ; Drug Liberation ; Magnetic Fields ; Robotics ; Gelatin/chemistry* ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Microfluidics ; Motion

JMJD1C (Jumonji Domain Containing 1C), a member of the lysine demethylase 3 (KDM3) family, is universally required for the survival of several types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with different genetic mutations, representing a therapeutic opportunity with broad application. Yet how JMJD1C regulates the leukemic programs of various AML cells is largely unexplored. Here we show that JMJD1C interacts with the master hematopoietic transcription factor RUNX1, which thereby recruits JMJD1C to the genome to facilitate a RUNX1-driven transcriptional program that supports leukemic cell survival. The underlying mechanism hinges on the long N-terminal disordered region of JMJD1C, which harbors two inseparable abilities: condensate formation and direct interaction with RUNX1. This dual capability of JMJD1C may influence enhancer-promoter contacts crucial for the expression of key leukemic genes regulated by RUNX1. Our findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for the non-catalytic function of JMJD1C in transcriptional regulation, underlying a mechanism shared by different types of leukemias.
Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics* ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology* ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/chemistry* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective The diagnostic efficacy of the two gene methylation indexes was verified by lung biopsy or postoperative disease examination results.Methods A prospective study was conducted to collect 99 patients diagnosed with pulmonary nodules and masses in the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from March 2019 to March 2020.After bronchoscopy and BALF samples were collected,regular follow-up,lung puncture biopsy and post-operative disease examination were performed.Results Ninety-nine patients with pulmonary nodules and masses were divided into lung cancer group(n = 50)and benign lung disease group(n = 49)after pathological diagnosis.The age of patients in the lung cancer group was(62.64±9.71)years,and that of the benign lung disease group was(60.48±13.69)years,and there was a statistical difference between the two groups(P = 0.032).In the diagnosis of lung cancer,the sensitivity and specificity of SHOX2 and RASSF1A genes alone were found to be 72%and 58%,respectively,and 92.3%and 95.9%,respectively.The combined test of the two genes showed a higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of lung cancer,0.84,compared to 0.102 in the benign disease group(P<0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of the two genes could be increased to 84%when methylation was combined.Conclusion The methylation test of SHOX2 and RASS1A gene in alveolar lavage fluid has a good value in the diagnosis of lung cancer patients with pulmonary nodules and masses and SHOX2 combined with RASSF1A can be an important supplementary tool for early diagnosis of lung cancer when imaging and histological diagnosis are unclear.

Objective:To compare the prognostic values of different classification by using transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG), diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD), and investigated hemodynamic and clinical factors associated with mortality in patients with PH-LHD.Methods:This was a single-center prospective cohort study. In-hospital patients diagnosed with PH-LHD via right heart catheterization at the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from September 2013 to December 2019 were enrolled. Patients were divided according to TPG (cutoff value 12 mmHg; 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), DPG (cutoff value 7 mmHg), PVR (cutoff value 3 Wood Units), and the combination of TPG and PVR. Baseline characteristic was recorded. All patients were followed up until the occurrence of endpoint event, defined as all-cause death that occurred during the follow-up period, or until April 18, 2022. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of 3 classification methods for all-cause death in PH-LHD patients. The optimal cutoff values were calculated using Jorden index. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and log-rank test was used to compare the predictive efficacy of classification methods based on optimal cutoff values or guidance-recommended thresholds for the survival of PH-LHD patients. Variables showing statistical significance in the univariate analysis were incorporated into multivariate Cox regression model to analyze the independent risk factors for all-cause mortality.Results:A total of 243 patients were enrolled, aged (54.9±12.7) years old, including 169 (69.5%) males. During a median follow-up of 57 months, there were 101 (41.6%) deaths occurred. Grouping results were as follows: (1) TPG: TPG≤12 mmHg group 115 patients, TPG>12 mmHg group 128 patients; (2) DPG: DPG<7 mmHg group 193 patients, DPG≥7 mmHg group 50 patients; (3) PVR: PVR≤3 Wood Units group 108 patients, PVR>3 Wood Units group 135 patients; (4) TPG and PVR: TPG≤12 mmHg and PVR≤3 Wood Units group 89 patients, TPG>12 mmHg and PVR>3 Wood Units group 109 patients. PVR ( AUC=0. 698,95% CI:0.631-0.766) had better predictive value for all-cause mortality than TPG ( AUC=0.596, 95% CI: 0.523-0.669) and DPG ( AUC=0.526, 95% CI: 0.452-0.601) (all P<0.05). The optimal cutoff values for TPG, DPG, and PVR were13.9 mmHg, 2.8 mmHg, and 3.8 Wood Units, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis based on the optimal cutoff values or guidance-recommended thresholds showed that PVR and TPG were the predictors of survival ( P<0.05), while DPG did not showed significance ( P>0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, PVR and log 2N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in PH-LHD patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Classification according to PVR was most valuable in predicting all-cause death in PH-LHD patients, while TPG showed moderate predictive ability and DPG had no predictive value.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value Tamm-Horsfall protein(THP)and osteopontin(OPN)in serum and 24-hour urine for urolithiasis.Methods A total of 101 patients with urolithiasis who underwent flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy at the Urology Department of Civil Aviation General Hospital from April 2020 to March 2023 were included as the stone group,and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled as the control group.The samples of serum and 24-hour urine samples were collected from both the groups,and the levels of THP and OPN were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between each biomarker and urolithiasis,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to assess their diagnostic value.Results The stone group showed significantly lower THP levels(20.13[13.12,26.03]mg/d)and OPN levels(51.24[36.72,101.37]μg/d)in 24-hour urine,and THP levels(182.01[160.91,209.20]ng/mL)and OPN lev-els(18.76[15.72,22.48]ng/mL)in serum compared to the control group(all the P＜0.001).Binary Logistic regression analysis re-vealed that THP(OR=0.736,95％CI:0.606-0.895),OPN(OR=0.975,95％CI:0.958-0.993)and citrate(OR=0.067,95％CI:0.012-0.376)in 24-hour urine,and THP(OR=0.946,95％CI:0.908-0.986)and OPN(OR=0.896,95％CI:0.803-0.999)in ser-um were the protective factors for urolithiasis,while calcium level(OR=2.125,95％CI:1.243-3.633)24-hour urine was a risk factor(all the P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve(AUCROC)for the individual diagnosis of urolithiasis were 0.846,0.809,0.786,0.823,0.748,and 0.755 for the above six biomarkers,respectively.The AUCROC for the combined diagnosis u-sing THP+OPN in serum,THP+OPN in 24-hour urine and all the six biomarkers were 0.882,0.920 and 0.984,respectively,indica-ting better diagnostic performance.Conclusion The combined detection of the THP and OPN levels in serum and 24-hour urine may have good diagnostic value for urolithiasis and serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers.

Objective To establish and evaluate a mouse model of visceral hypersensitivity in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D).Methods A mouse model of IBS-D visceral hypersensitivity was established by gavage of different doses of Citrobacter rodentium(CR)combined with chronic water avoidance stress(WAS).Sixty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal control group(NC group)and the model group.The model group was established by different doses of CR(0.12ml,0.15ml,0.18ml,0.21ml,0.30ml)combined with WAS.After modeling,the fecal trait score,fecal water content,total intestinal transit time,colonic transit time,abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR)score,and pathological changes of colon tissue were observed.Results Com-pared with the NC group,the mice in the model group had soft stool,increased fecal water content,reduced total intestinal transit time(P＜0.05),significantly reduced colonic transit time(P＜0.005),and reduced threshold water injection of AWR score 3.In addition,in the 0.21ml and 0.30ml CR groups,the edge of feces was blurred and mush,the threshold of AWR score 3 was significantly reduced(P＜0.01),the colon tissue cells were arranged disorderly,inflammatory cell infiltration,crypt hyperplasia,and the plica was short-ened.Conclusion The visceral hypersensitivity mouse model of IBS-D can be successfully established by gavage of CR combined with WAS.According to the evaluation results of the model,it is recommended to use 0.21ml CR dose by gavage to establish the model.

Objective:To observe the effects of ultrasound intermediate frequency acupoint targeted drug guiding technology on the recovery of gastrointestinal function and serum gastrin levels in elderly patients after lumbar spine surgery under general anesthesia.Methods:This study used prospective research methods.A total of 90 elderly patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery after general anesthesia in the orthopaedic ward of Beijing Geriatrics Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were randomly divided into blank control group, drug control group, and drug-guided treatment group, with 30 cases each group. After the operation, no intervention was given to the blank control group, the drug control group received oral mosapride citrate tablets, the drug-guided treatment group used the D patch to guide the medicine at the two acupoints of Zusanli and Zhongwan with ultrasound medium frequency guided medicine instrument for 1 week each. The serum gastrin levels of the patients in each group were detected 1 d before operation, 3 d after operation, and 1 week after operation, and the time of first exhaust and first defecation after operation were recorded.Results:The results showed that the level of serum gastrin preoperativein the three groups was not significantly different ( P>0.05). On the third day after operation, the levelof serum gastrin in the drug guide treatment group, drug control group and blank control group were lower than those at 1 d before operation: (66.51 ± 5.34) ng/L vs. (69.36 ± 6.50) ng/L, (58.34 ± 5.71) ng/L vs. (68.75 ± 5.13) ng/L, (55.76 ± 6.23) ng/L vs. (70.20 ± 6.71) ng/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05), and showed a decreasing trend in turn. Among them, the level of serum gastrin in the drug guide treatment group was higher than that in the drug control group and blank control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). One week after operation, the level of serum gastrin in the three groups increased compared with the third day after operation ( P<0.05), and the drug guiding treatment group was higher than the drug control group and the blank control group: (72.38 ± 6.78) ng/L vs. (67.15 ± 6.27) ng/L, (63.52 ± 5.38) ng/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The time of first exhaust and defecation after the operation of the three groups of patients, the drug-guided treatment group was significantly shorter than the drug control group and the blank control group: (15.25 ± 3.10) h vs. (20.38 ± 4.21) h and (28.52 ± 3.69) h, (24.14 ± 3.53) h vs. (36.15 ± 3.54) h and (49.51 ± 4.37) h, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound intermediate frequency acupoint drug guiding technology can increase the patient′s serum gastrin level and promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function in elderly patients with lumbar spine surgery after general anesthesia.

Hevin is one of the extracellular matrix proteins secreted by astrocytes. Under physiological conditions, Hevin plays an important role in synaptogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS); secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is its homologue and antagonizes the synaptogenic effects of Hevin. In pathological conditions, the expressions of Hevin and SPARC are altered, suggesting their possible roles at synaptic reorganization in various disease process, such as brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and brain tumors; however, the specific mechanism is not totally understood yet. So this paper reviews the mechanism of Hevin/SPARC in CNS synaptogenesis, reorganization and diseases to provide ideas for further research.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and applicability of detection tube method for quantitative detection of hydrogen sulfide in workplace air.Methods:In September 2021, the lower limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, environmental factors, interfering gases and other performance indicators of the method for determining hydrogen sulfide in the air of workplace were verified by the detection tube, and the results were compared with those of GB 11742-89 "Standard method for hygienic examination of hydrogen sulfide in air of residential areas-methylene blue spectrophotometric method" to evaluate the application effect of the detection tube method for quantitative detection of hydrogen sulfide in workplace air.Results:There was no significant difference in the results of 2.83 mg/m 3, 4.25 mg/m 3 and 17.00 mg/m 3 hydrogen sulfide concentration between the two methods ( P>0.05) , but there was significant difference in the results of 8.50 mg/m 3 concentration ( P<0.05) . The lower limit of quantification of hydrogen sulfide in workplace air was 2.83 mg/m 3, the accuracy was 96.0%-111.0%, and the precision was 0.70%-6.64%. Under the condition of 4 ℃, the measured results decreased by 3.39%-13.10%. When the humidity was 50%-80%, the relative error of the average measured value was -1.67%-4.44%. Interference gases that may exist in the workplace (including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, mercaptans, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, etc.) did not interfere with the results of the test tube. Conclusion:The accuracy and precision of the detection tube method meet the detection requirements. The method is simple, rapid and easy to be popularized, and can be used for the rapid detection of hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the workplace.