Firstly, the concept of the construction of standardized psychological consulting room and the current situation of Mental Health Education in foreign countries is proposed. Secondly, the present state and the existing problems in the construction of psychological consulting room in our country university are analyzed. Thirdly, the necessity and significance of the construction of standardized psychological consulting room is discussed, And finally, some suggestions are put forward to promote the construction of standardized psychological consulting room in our country university.

0 05). Between the patients with high level of serum HBV-DNA and the ones with low level of serum HBV-DNA, both the quantity and positive rate of HBV-DNA in PBMC had a significant difference (P

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of subglottic secretion drainage for preventing ventilatorassociated pneumonia.MethodsData of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) from January 1991 to June 2010 were collected,and data were split into two groups,namely draining group and non-draining group.Meta analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia was carried out for finding the incidence and mortality in patients with mechanical ventilation using the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration.ResultsSeven RCTs met the inclusion criteria and 1647 patients were enrolled.Subglottic secretion drainage reduced the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia ( OR =0.45,95％ confidence interval [CI]:0.32 - 0.63 ),primarily by reducing early-onset pneumonia.But the mortalities of ventilator associated pneumonia were not significantly different between the two groups ( OR =1.03,95％ confi dence interval [CI]:0.75 - 1.41 ).ConclusionsSubglottic secretion drainage appeared effective in preventing ventilator associated pneumonia among patients expected to require ＞48 hours of mechanical ventilation,but the mortality was unchanged.

ObjectiveTo observe the modified Xiaoqinglong decoction and its ingredient-reduced prescription on plasma levels of IL-5 and TNF-ct in rats,and to explore its mechanism of treating AR.To make clear the law of combination in modified Xiaoqinglong decoction.MethodsThe modified Xiaoqinglong decoction was divided into six groups,namely,reinforcing qi group,warming yang group,expelling retained morbid fluid group,reinforcing qi and warming yang group,reinforcing qi and expelling retained morbid fluid group,warming yang to expel retained morbid fluid group.90 rats were randomly divided into nine groups,namely,normal control group,model group,reinforcing qi group,warming yang group,expelling retained morbid fluid group,reinforcing qi and warming yang group,reinforcing qi and expelling retained morbid fluid group,warming yang to expel retained morbid fluid group,and the whole decoction group,with 10 rats in each group.Rat model of allergic rhinitis was made by the use of adjuvant systemic antigen sensitization and local attack,the normal control group and model group were fed with normal saline,the other groups were treated with appropriate drugs,once a day oral administration,continuous for 4 weeks.Detected plasma IL-5 and TNF-α levels of each group in rats.ResultsThe contents of plasma IL-5 (16.0±2.7)mg/L and TNF-α (57.5±8.0)mg/L in the model group was significantly increased,while it was significantly reduced in the reinforcing qi group,warming yang group,expelling retained morbid fluid group,refinorcing qi and warming yang group,reinforcing qi and expelling retained morbid fluid group,warming yang to expel retained morbid fluid group with plasma IL-5[each group was (12.9± 3.1) mg/L、(11.8 ±2.8) mg/L、(12.0±2.3) mg/L、(12.3±2.3) mg/L、(11.1±2.1)mg/L、(11.2±2.5)mg/L、(8.42.3)mg/L respectively]and TNF-α[each group was (27.7±5.7)mg/L、(29.5 ± 3.7) mg/L、(31.2 ± 4.9) mg/L、(28.1 ± 2.8) mg/L、(33.4 ± 5.6) mg/L、(26.3 ± 3.9) mg/L、(21.6 ±4.9) mg/L respectively],the whole decoction group effect was significant compared with the other treated groups (P＜0.05).ConclusionThe modified Xiaoqinglong decoction and its ingredient-reduced prescription can regulate plasma levels of IL-5 and TNF-α.The modified Xiaoqinglong decoction had best results in reinforcing qi,warming yang and expelling retained morbid fluid.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of ventilator circuit change frequency on ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP).MethodsMeta-analysis of effects of ventilator circuit change frequency on VAP was conducted with study-level data from 1995 to 2010 in Pubmed,Embase,Web of Science databases.ResultsNine articles were included (sample size:20 326 mechanically ventilated patients).Analysis of six articles showed that the incidence of VAP in ventilator circuit change every 2 or 3 days was 4.05％,while 3.65％ in ventilator circuit change every 7 days.Compared with change ventilator circuit every 2 or 3 days,the risk ratio (RR) of VAP in weekly changes was 0.77 [0.54,1.09] ( P =0.14 ).Analysis three articles showed that compared to ventilator circuit change every 7 days with 15.89％ incidence of VAP,the incidence of VAP in circuit change more than 14 days was 14.9％,and RR was 0.98 [0.69,1.39](P =0.91 ).ConclusionsRegular ventilator circuit change frequency in various intervals can't difference in the incidence of VAP in mechanical ventilation patients.

Objective To determine whether urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipecalin (uNGAL) and urinary intedeukin-18 (uIL-18) are early markers of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients. Methods Ninety-two critically ill patients were studied for one week after their enrollment into our hospital. During the study, 46 patients who met the RIFLE criteria were selected as AKI group and the remaining 46 patients without AKI taken as a control group. The two groups were matched for age, gender and illness severity. Urine samples were collected daily for one week. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the early diagnostic value of uNGAL, uIL-18 and serum creatininc (SCr). Results As compared with the levels obtained 3 days before the diagnosis of AKI, the uNGAL levels in the AKI group increased significantly (P <0. 05), while uIL-18 and SCr levels did not change 2 days prior to the diagnosis of A KI (all P > 0. 05). uNGAL and uIL-18 levels increased significantly (all P < 0. 05), while SCr levels did not change 1 day prior to the diagnosis of AKI in the AKI group (P > 0. 05). The levels of uNGAL, uIL-18 and SCr did not change significantly in the control group during the study period (all P > 0. 05). Three days before the diagnosis of AKI, concentrations of uNGAL, uIL-18 and SCr were not the predictive of AKI. Two days before the diagnosis of AKI, the area under the curve (AUC) of uNGAL was 0. 840 (95% CI 0. 672-1. 009, P < 0. 05), which indicated that uNGAL was the predictive of AKI while uIL-18 and SCr were not. One day before the diagnosis of AKI, the AUC of uNGAL and ulL-18 were 0. 830 (95 % CI 0. 711-0. 950, P < 0. 05) and 0. 818 (95 % CI 0. 697-0. 938, P < 0. 05), indicating that uNGAL and uIL-18 were the predictive of AKI while SCr was not. Conclusion uNGAL and uIL-18 may be the early predictive markers of AKI in critically ill patients.

Aim The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein was expressed by baculovirus-Sf9 cells system, then using it to identify the specific agonists and antagonists for m_5AChR via detecting the affinity of GDP and m_5AChR-G_ 11?. Methods The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fused cDNAs were generated via a two-step PCR protocol and inserted into pBacPAK9 virus vector. We expressed m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein and m_5AChR protein using baculovirus-Sf9 cell system. [ 3H]QNB and [ 35S]GTP?S binding tests were performed to detect the expressional level of receptor proteins and determine the affinity of GDP and m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein. Results The expression level of m_5AChR-G_ 11? was (47.6?3.2) nmol?g -1 protein. The affinity of GDP to G_ 11? partner changed in the presence of different muscarinic ligands. IC_ 50 values of GDP in the presence of ACh, YM796, Oxotremorine, Methixene, Dextimide and atropine were 128.0, 72.1, 68.5, 16.2, 14.9 and 9.7 ?mol?L -1 respectively, and that in the absence of muscarinic ligand was 20.8 ?mol?L -1. Conclusion The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein has the pharmacological specificity of M_5 receptor and the efficient coupling interaction of the two partner. Affinity of GDP to ligand bound m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein represents the species of muscarinic ligands. ACh is a full agonist for m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein, YM796 and oxotremorine are partial agonists, while methixene, dextimide and atropine are antagonists.

Objective To investigate the effects of direct hemoperfusion with polymixin B-immobilized fiber (DHP-PMX) in patients with sepsis. Methods We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science databases and identified relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) from January 1995 to May 2010. Meta-analysis of DHP-PMX on mortality and levels of endotoxin in patients with sepsis were conducted using the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results Eleven RCTs were included.Eight of them included the mortality of patients (sample size: 211 DHP-PMX and 178 conventional medical therapy). In total, the mortalities of patients with sepsis in DHP-PMX group and conventional group were 37.4% (79/211) and 68.5% (122/178) respectively. Compared with the conventional medical therapy,DHP-PMX appeared to significantly reduce mortality ( OR =0.24,95% CI 0.16-0.38 ,P ＜0.000 01 ). The results were similar when two RCTs enrolling patients with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were excluded( OR =0. 27,95% CI 0. 17-0. 45, P ＜0. 000 01 ). When the analysis was limited to the nine studies that reported 28- to 30-day mortality, results were unchanged( OR =0. 29,95% CI 0.17-0.48 ,P ＜0.000 01 ). Six RCTs had the available data of endotoxin. The level of endotoxin decreased 31 ng/L(95% CI 22.46-39.55 ) after DHP-PMX therapy, and the decreasing was statistically significant (P＜0. 000 01 ) ,while the level of endotoxin in patients of conventional group did not change (P =0.94).Conclusions This study suggests a favorable effects of DHP-PMX on mortality and endotoxin decreasing in patients with sepsis. However, lack of enough cases and blinding need to be considered. Further investigation with large sample of high quality RCTs is needed.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sedation with propofol or dexmedetomidine on volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure. Methods Ninety?one critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure, aged 20-90 yr, weighing 40-80 kg, requiring sedation with propofol or dexmedetomidine, of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ scores 12-47, of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores 1-18, and of NYHA Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were included. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups using a random number table: propofol group ( n = 45 ) and dexmedetomidine group ( n=46) . Before and after propofol or dexmedetomidine sedation, when Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score reached -2 or -1 ( BIS value 60-75) ( after sedation) , passive leg?raising (PLR) test was performed to evaluate volume responsiveness. An increase in cardiac index (ΔCI) ≥10% after PLR was considered to be a positive response, whereas ΔCI<10% after PLR was considered to be a negative response. The patients who presented with negative responses before sedation served as negative volume responsiveness subgroups ( N subgroups ) , that was PN subgroup and DN subgroup. Results The positive rates of volume responsiveness were 64% ( 14 cases) and 25% ( 5 cases) in PN and DN subgroups, respectively. The positive rates of volume responsiveness were significantly higher after sedation than before sedation in PN and DN subgroups. Compared with DN subgroup, the positive rates of volume responsiveness were significantly increased after sedation in PN subgroup. Conclusion For the critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure, both propofol and dexmedetomidine sedation can improve volume responsiveness, and propofol provides better efficacy than dexmedetomidine.

BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen as a wel-recognized therapy for ischemic and hypoxic diseases has to be combined with other treatments. OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with neural stem cel transplantation via tail vein in chronic stress depression rats. METHODS:Of 60 Sprague-Dawley rats, 15 rats randomly selected were given no treatment as normal group, and the rest 45 ones were used to establish a rat model of depression and randomly divided into three groups:model group (n=15, without giving any treatment), neural stem cel group (n=15, injection of 1 mL neural stem cel suspension (3×106) via the tail vein) and combined group (n=15, hyperbaric oxygen treatment plus neural stem cel injection). Hyperbaric oxygen treatments were carried out four times per day, for 1 week, and al the treatments were given 24 hours after modeling. Rats in each group were subjected to body mass measurement and sugar water consumption test 1 and 2 weeks after treatment, and open field test within 5 minutes after treatment to observe rat behavior changes. The survival and distribution of CM-Dil labeled neural stem cel s were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The changes in the size, morphology and number of hippocampus neurons in rat were detected by the method of nylon staining. TUNEL method was used to measure the apoptosis of nerve cel s. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal group, in the model group, rat’s body weight, sucrose water preference and open field test scores were significantly lower, reduced number of hippocampal neurons with intact structure was found and TUNEL results showed more apoptosis (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the body weight, sucrose preference and open field test score increased significantly (P<0.05), the number of hippocampal neurons was increased, while the number of apoptotic cel s was reduced significantly in the neural stem cel and combined groups (P<0.05). Compared with the neural stem cel group, these indexes were improved more significantly in the combined group (P<0.05). More CM-Dil positive cel s were found in the combined group than the neural stem cel group (P<0.05). Additional y, the number of hippocampal neurons was higher in the combined group than the neural stem cel group, but lower than the normal group. To conclude, transplantation of neural stem cel s combined with hyperbaric oxygen can improve the depression behavior and apoptosis in the hippocampal neurons in chronic stress depression rats.