OBJECTIVE:To evaluate efficacy of letrozole in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. METHODS:RCTs about letrozole in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women were collected using Cochrane systematic evaluation method by retrieving from Cochrane Library,PubMed,CBMdisc and CNKI. The quality evaluation of those trials and data extraction were performed and Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS:6 RCTs involving 6 316 patients were included. In neoadjuvant endocrine therapy,letrozole was more effective than tamoxifen in PFS but there was no statistical significance in difference of total survival rate;in rescue therapy for recurrence and transform,letrozole was more effective than long-term therapy of tamoxifen in OS,PFS and OR;in new neoadjuvant endocrine therapy before operation,letrozole was more effective than tamoxifen in OR. CONCLUSION:The current evidence shows that letrozole is more effective than tamoxifen for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.More high-quality clinical trials are expected for further study.

[Objective]To summarize professor CHENG Haibo's clinical experience in treating tumor metastasis with cancerous toxin pathogenesis theory. [Method] By following the teacher clinic and sorting out the related cases,the author summarizes professor CHENG Haibo's academic experience of treatment of tumor metastasis with cancerous toxin pathogenesis theory,and for proven cases. [Result] On the base of cancerous toxin pathogenesis theory and clinical practice,Professor CHENG Haibo puts forward that deficiency of vital qi and cancerous toxin inflowis the basic pathogenesis of tumor metastasis. Qi deficiency is the root cause of tumor metastasis and canceousr toxin inflow is the main pathogenesis of tumor metastasis. Canceousr toxin inflow has special channel,carrier and law,and supporting and invigorating Qi,anti-cancer and detoxificationis the main method of prevention and treatment of tumor metastasis. Professor CHENG Haibo treated a case of brain and liver metastasis in lung cancer with cancerous toxin pathogenesis theory before. And the curative effect was very remarkable. Brain and liver metastasis was significantly reduced.[Conclusion] Professor CHENG Haibo 's experience is effective and worthy of learning and promotion.

To elucidate the academic thought of Professor ZHOU Zhong-ying about cancerous toxin. Professor Zhou holds that the cancerous toxin,a toxic pathogen occurring during the occurrence and development of malignant tumor,is the key for occurrence of malignant tumor. The compound pathogeneses of malignant tumor are the coexistence,reciprocal causation,combination and transformation between the cancerous toxin and the pathological factors of phlegm,blood stasis and dampness. Based on the theory of cancerous toxin,the therapeutic rules of malignant tumor should be removing carcinoma and eliminating toxin,supporting vital qi to eliminate pathogens,and combined the resolving phlegm,removing blood stasis,eliminating dampness or clearing away heat according to the different pathological factor accompanying,such as phlegm,blood stasis or dampness,etc.

The chief cause of cancerous pain include six climate exopathogens,internal damage by excess of seven emotions,improper diet and deficiency of vital qi.Accumulation of cancerous toxin,intermingled phlegm and blood stasis and obstruction of meridians are the basic pathogenesis of cancerous pain,among which the accumulation of cancerous toxin is the key point of the pathogenesis,and phlegm and blood stasis are main pathological factors,the both are cause and effect for each other.The deficiency of vital qi is the internal factor of the disease.The location of disease concerns the relative viscera and meridians.The nature of disease is deficiency in the "root" and excess in the "branch" and excess in the "branch" is the main aspect.The therapeutic rules of the disease are removing toxic substance and removing stasis,resolving phlegm to dredge collaterals.And removing cancerous toxin is the crux of the therapy,and resolving phlegm to removing stasis should be applied from the beginning to the end.

ObjectiveTo investigate changes of the level of serum thyroxine after different style operation on thyroid gland,for guiding replacement therapy after surgery. MethodsTo select patients randomly,include the excision of adenoma of thyroid、the lobectomy of unilateral thyroid、the subtotal ectomy of bilateral thyroid and total resection of bilateral thyroid quaque forty,among the total,the patients who suffererd the total resection of bilateral thyroid take thyroxine 40mg bid orally everyday. To detect the serum thyroxine in all of the patients, when preoperation、ten days after operation、one month after operation and three months after operation. ResultsThe serum thyroxine in patients who suffererd the excision of adenoma of thyroid were had no marked changes compare to preoperation; Serum FT3 、FT4 in patients suffer the lobectomy of unilateral thyroid are lower than preoperation when ten days after operation (P＜0.01) ;Serum FT3、FT4 in patients sufferred subtotal ectomy of bilateral thyroid were lower than preoperation,when ten days after operation and one month after operation( P ＜ 0.01 ), then returned to the level of preoperation when three months after operation;the serum thyroxine of patients who sufferred the total resection of bilateral thyroid had no marked changes compare to preoperation,when they taker thyroxine 40mg bid orally everyday. ConclusionThe serum thyroxine level of patients who suffer the lobectomy of unilateral thyroid、the subtotal ectomy of bilateral thyroid and total resection of bilateral thyroid is lower than preoperation at different degree, they should be given replacement therapy properly.

Obstract: Objective To study the effect of Guyanding Decoction(GYD) on the metabolism of oxygen-derived free radicals in the chicken model of knee osteoarthritis and to explore its therapeutic mechanism.Method Forty chickens were randomized into 5 groups: normal group,model group,low-dose GYD group,high-dose GYD group and Fenbid group.Low-dose group was administered 5 g/kg GYD and high-dose group with 10 g/kg GYD by gastric gavage.Fenbid group was given Fenbid 0.15 g/kg.The SOD activity and the MAD content in serum were detected in each group.Result The activity of SOD in model group was significantly lower than that in normal group(P 0.05).For the content of MDA,model group had a higher level than normal group(P 0.05).Conclusion The decoction of GYD exerts curative effect on experimental osteoarthritis by improving the activity of SOD,eliminating excessive oxygen-derived free radicals,decreasing the content of MDA,and preventing osteoarthritis patients from the injury of oxygen-derived free radicals.

Objective To establish the electric controlled cortical impact (eCCI)-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) model in rats with different severity in degree,which may serve as a suitable platform to provide experimental evidence for the pathophysiological following TBI.Methods A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups and sham group.TBI rats (n=10/group) were positioned beneath the controlled cortical impactor device (eCCI) and subjected to impact injury at 2 mm depth of penetration,for a sustained depression of 200 ms,at 4 m/s,5 m/s,6 m/s velocity for mild,moderate,and severe TBI,respectively.Sham-operated rats (n=10) underwent identical surgical procedures,including craniotomy,without receiving the cortical impact.Neurological function and regional cerebral flow (24 h after CCI),contusion volume,histopathological,and ultrastructural changes (48 h after CCI) were measured,respectively.Results The severity of the pathological changes in rats was increased as the injury aggravated.The eCCI device impacted the brain at 4 m/s,5 m/s,6 m/s velocity for mild,moderate,and severe TBI,respectively.TBI groups showed impaired neurological function,and decreased rCBF lower than that of sham-operated group (all P＜0.01).Furthermore,neuronal pathological abnormalities in TBI groups,including neuron shrinking,perineuronal vacuole,and structural abnormalities of mitochondria.Increased severity of injury was apparent following the increased level of the impacted velocity,and significant differences were observed between TBI groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The TBI animal model with mild,moderate,and severe brain injury can be established successfully by 4 m/s,5 m/s,and 6 m/s of impact velocity respectively with the eCCI-6.3 device.The novel eCCI-induced TBI model in rats possibly serves as a novel useful approach in the development of TBI models.

Objective To observe the effect of Aitongping on c-fos gene expression and substance P(SP) content in spinal dorsal horn of rats with formalin-induced pain.Methods Fifty SD rats were randomized into 5 groups: blank control group,model group,tramadol group(0.06g/kg),high-and low-dose Aitongping groups(36 and 18g/kg respectively).Rats model of pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of formalin into the plantar surface of the left hind paw of rats.The fos gene expression and SP content were observed in superficial lamella of spinal dorsal horn of spinal section from the lumbar vertebrae L3 to L5 by immunohistochemical method.Results The number of neurons with fos gene expression positive and the optical density(D value) of reactants with SP expression positive were increased in the model group(P

Objective To analyze effects of target-oriented liquid therapy on postoperative complications in elderly hypertensive patients with radical gastrectomy.Methods 156 elderly patients with hypertension who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were divided into the conventional group and the target group according to a random number table.Routine infusion was given to the patients in the conventional group,while the patients in the target group were treated with intraoperative target oriented liquid therapy.Intraoperative liquid intake and output volume,hospital stay,vasoactive drug use rate and the incidence of complications within 1 month after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results Target group versus conventional group showed that the colloid volume was(832.3 ± 216.6) ml vs.(1 031.3±245.8) ml,the amount of crystals was(1 157.6±149.2) ml vs.(1 559.8±201.4) ml,the total fluid replenishment was(1 940.2 ± 328.9) ml vs.(2 650.0 ± 276.6) ml,the hospitalization time was (9.8 ± 1.1) d and (12.5 ± 2.0) d (t =-5.607,-13.771,-18.021 and-10.447,respectively,all P=0.000).The use rate of vasoactive drugs was higher in the conventional group[69.2％ (54/ 78)] than in the target group [29.5 ％ (23 / 78)] (x2 =24.645,P =0.000).The complications within 1 months after surgery was higher in the conventional group[12.8％ (10/78)]than in the target group[3.8％ (3/78)] (x2=4.112,P=0.043).Conclusions Target-oriented liquid therapy can improve the prognosis of elderly patients receiving radical gastrectomy,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and promote the early rehabilitation.

This study was aimed to observe the influence ofQing-Chang Hua-Shi Recipe (QHR) on IL-6trans-signaling in experimental colitis mice, in order to initially explore the possible mechanisms of QHR for ulcerative colitis (UC). TNBS/ethanol was used in the establishment of colitis mice model. After intervention of medication, ELISA was used in the detection of soluble Interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R). Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression level of IL-6 and glycoprotein 130 (gp130). Western blot was used in the observation of protein expression of IL-6 and gp130 in the colonic mucosa. The results showed that the level of sIL-6R, the mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and gp130 in the model group were significantly higher than that in the control group. QHR was able to reduce the sIL-6R level (P < 0.01), decreased the mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and gp130 (P < 0.01) in the colon tissues among experimental colitis mice. It was concluded that QHR had good anti-inflammatory effects on experimental colitis mice. It might be associated with influencing IL-6trans-signaling.