Objective To investigate the characteristics of arrhythmias and the efficacy and safety of oral amiodarone in uremic cardiomyopathy complicated with severe ventrieular arrhythmias.Methods 86 patients with uremic cardiomyopathy underwent ECG,ambulatory ECG and and echocardiograplly.45 of 86 palients with severe ventricular arrhythmias were orally given amiodarone(0.2g,tid×5d,0.2g,bid×5d,maintenance dose 0.2g,qd),ambulatory,ECG was followed up 10 days after amiodarone loading.Results Arrhythmias was detected in 62 of 86 patients with uremic cardiomyopathy,56 of 62 had ventricular arrhythmias,45 of 56 patients with vemricular arrhythmias was defined as severe because of frequent(＞30/h)or repetitive(＞5 couplets/24h or＞1 salvos of or＞3).48 of 62 patients were supraventrieular arrhythmias.Ventricular arrhythmias were sigrtificantly reduced in 45 partients on amiodarone treatment,28 of 45 patients were significant effective and 13 of 45 cases were effective,the efficacy is 91.1%.Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were not changed significantly after 10-day amiodarone reatment compared with that of untreatment.Only one patients experienced sinus bradycardia(45～55 beats per minute)and swspended after discontinuation of oral amiodarone.Conclusion In patients with uremic cardiomyopathy,arrhythmias were common on ambulatory recording,oral amiodarone was effective and safe for patients with severe ventricular arrhythmias.

Objective To investigate the prevalence,clinical traits and correlates of apathy in patients with Parkinson' s disease ( PD ).Methods Seventy-seven cases of PD patients and 40 health controls were recuited in the present study.Apathy was assessed using Lille Apathy Rating Scale(LARS) and related factors,such as motor function,cognition,depression,age,sex,education level,disease duration,levodopa equivalent doses (LED) and use of antipsychotic drugs were also evaluated.Four kinds of scales,Unified Parkinson' s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS),Hoehn-Yahr staging,Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) were employed to evaluate the motor function,cogniton and depression,respectively.Results The prevalence of apathy and depression in the 77 PD patients were 49.4％ ( 38/77 ) and 46.8％ (36/77),respectively.Of the 77 PD patients,11 cases had apathy without depression (14.3％ ); 9 cases had depression without apathy( 11.7％ ) and 27 cases had apathy combined with depression( 35.1％ ).Among the PD patients with apathy,the cognitive type is the most common one,accounting for 86.8％ (33/38).There were significant statistical differences in education level,UPDRS- Ⅱ/Ⅲ scores,Hoehn-Yahr staging,MoCA and HAMD scores between apathy ( n =38 ) and no-apathy(n =39) PD patients(t =2.309,-3.144,-4.000,-3.217,2.649,-3.909,all P＜0.05).According to the unifactoral Logistic regression analysis of apathy correlates,UPDRS-Ⅱ/Ⅲ scores,HoehnYahr staging and HAMD scores were the risk factors for apathy while education level and MoCA were the protective factors for apathy.In the multiple Logistic regression analysis,HAMD scores,UPDRS-Ⅱ scores and education level were included.Conclusions The prevalence of apathy in PD patients was significantly higher than healthy controls.Apathy could be present without depression in PD patients,and was associated with education level,motor dysfunction degree,cognitive impairment and depression severity.

Parkinson's disease was primarily considered to be a movement disorder affecting only the extrapyramidal system. Although the non-motor symptoms such as neuropsychiatric symptoms, dysautonomia, sleep disturbances and olfactory dysfunction, etc., were also common, they were often misdiagnosed or neglected. This paper would review the manifestation, relevant factors, pathogenesis and treatment of non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Objective To investigate clinical results of bilateral triceps bradhii approach in Gartland Ⅲ supracondylar fracture of humerus in children by comparing with reduction interne and plaster immobilization. Methods 102 children with Gartland Ⅲ supracondylar fracture of humerus,4 ～ 13 years old,from May 2003 to May 2009,were randomly divided into operation group and control group,51 cases separately. The operation group was treated by bilateral triceps bradhii approach, while control group was treated by reduction interne and plaster immobilization. All patients were made function exercise 4 weeks later,X-ray check periodically and followed up about 16 months with angle patronner and elbow joint function recorded. According to Flynn clinical function criteria,all patients were classified and analyzed. Results After follow-up and elbow joint function evaluation,48 cases ( 94. 1% ) show excellent and good results,3 cases(5.9% ) fair and poor in operation group,32 cases(62. 7% ) and 19 cases(37. 3% ) in control group. The differences between two groups was statistically singnificant ( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Comparing with reduction interne and plaster immobilization, bilateral triceps bradhii approach in Gartland Ⅲ supracondylar fracture of humerus in children has good clinical results and may be more effective therapy.

The medicine of critical disease is a clinical discipline that gradually sprang up in the late 1960s.Yet at present controversy still exists as to whether the discipline should be regarded as a separate one and it has not been ranked among the separate disciplines listed by the State Educational Committee. The authors, however, give an account of the customers and the cunent situation of disciplinary development of the discipline of critical disease from the petspective of a discipline. They also offer an account of the organizational structure and the form of staff of ICUs,pointing out that ICUs have 3 subjects structurally and are divided into CategoriesⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ. Except for ICUs in a few hospitals that are up to the level of Category Ⅱl, ICU s in most hospitals in China are lower than or just up to the level of Category Ⅰ. Then the authors give an introduction to the three forms of ICU management: open, semi-open and closed.

The medicine of critical disease is a clinical discipline that gradually sprang up in the late 1960s. Yet at present controversy still hats as to whether the discipline should be regarded as a separate one and it has not been ranked among the separate disciplines listed by the State Educational Committee. The authors, however, give an account of the customers and the current situation of disciplinary development of the discipline of critical disease ho the perspective of a discighne. They also offer an account of the organizational structure and the form of staff of ICUs, pointing out that ICUs have 3 subjects structurally and are divided into CategoriesⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Except for ICUs in a few hospitals that are up to the level of Category n, ICUs in most hospitels in China are lower than or just up to the level of CategoryⅠ. ho the authorss give an introduction to the ho formsn of ICU management open, semi-opened-cpc ana closed.

Objective To explore the features of verbal working memory in elderly patients with anmestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).Methods Thirty patients with aMCI and 30 normal controls (NC), whose age were over 65 years old, were examined with verbal working memory software and the other neuropsychological tests, such as verbal fluency test (VFT) and digit span test.Results The correct rate of visual semantic verbal working memory test was significantly lower in aMCI patients (79.83% ± 3.22% )than in NC ( 87.00% ±: 1.93 % , t = - 1.03, P = 0.002).There was no significant difference of correct rate of the visual phonological verbal working memory test between the aMCI (78.92% ± 8.60% ) and NC (86.80% ±2.14%, t = - 2.34, P = 0.060).Also, aMCI cases achieved significantly lower scores than NC on VFT (22.96 ±2.31 vs 31.53 ±3.72, t = - 1.08, P =0.004) and BDS ( 1.53 ±0.86 vs 3.63 ±0.56, t = - 1.23, P = 0.027).Conclusion The visual semantic verbal working memory is impaired and visual phonetic working memory is saved in aMCI patients.Both scores of verbal fluency test and digit span test are significantly decreased in aMCI patients, too.

Objective To compare the ability of intentional forgetting to emotional words of post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) children and normal children by item method after Wenchuan earthquake 18 months.Methods Twenty PTSD children who met with CCMD-3 and DSM-Ⅳ criteria and twenty control group children were investigated. Sixteen positive and sixteen negative words were adopted as materials. PTSD children accomplished the words learning, arithmetical operation and memory tests ( include free recall, words completion and words recognition) in orderly. Results ( 1 )The free recall accuracy of PTSD children to positive words was significant high than negative words( (0.32 ±0.11 ), (0.28 ±0.10), P＜0.05). The free recall accuracy of control group to positive words was significant high than negative words ( (0.37 ± 0.09 ), (0.34 ± 0.13 ), P＜ 0.05 ). ( 2 )The words completion accuracy of PTSD children to positive words was significant low than negative words( (0.38± 0.12 ), (0.49 ± 0.12 ), P ＜ 0.05 ). The words completion accuracy of control group to positive words was significant low than negative words ( (0.39 ± 0.15 ), (0.56 ± 0.14 ), P ＜ 0.01 ). ( 3 ) There was no difference of words recognition accuracy of PTSD children to positive and negative words ( ( 0.64 ± 0. 19 ), (0.63 ± 0. 16), P ＞0. 05). There was no difference of words recognition accuracy of control group to positive and negative words ((0.64 ± 0. 16), (0.65 ±0. 19), P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion There is a significant intentional forgetting effect on emotional words in PTSD children and normal children, and this effect were influenced not only by selective rehearsal but also retrieval inhibition.

Objective To evaluate the recent safety and long-term curative effect of double-pool shaping trabeculectomy with adjustable sutures in glaucoma. Methods A hundred and twenty patients with glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups, in which the control group in 62 patients underwent traditional trabeculectomy and the experimental group in 58 patients underwent double-pool shaping trabeculectomy with adjustable sutures. All patients were followed up for one year. Postoprative intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth and filtering bleb were observed. Results In the experimental group, after the demolition of adjustable sutures, 3 eyes(5.17%) suffered from I degree shallow anterior chamber. By contrast, 8 eyes suffered from I degree shallow anterior chamber, and 1 eye (total 14.52%) suffered from Ⅱ degree shallow anterior chamber in the control group (P < 0.05). Following up in one year, the functional filtering bleb and intraocular pressure got better in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Double-pool shaping trabeculectomy with adjustable sutures is a safe and feasible method for glaucoma, in which it can effectively reduce intraocular pressure without complications.

Objective To discuss the clinical features and related factors of psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and assess the prevalence of psychosis.Methods A total of 82 patients with Parkinson's disease and 69 healthy controls were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and neuropsychiatric questionnaire.For the PD group,the age at PD onset,type and dose of PD medications,and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) were recorded.Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS,parts Ⅱ and Ⅲ) and Hoehn-Yahr staging were used for the evaluation of the severity of motor dysfunction,Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) for emotional state,montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) for cognition,and scales for outcomes in Parkinson's disease-SLEEP (SCOPA-SLEEP) for quality of sleep.Results The prevalence of psychosis was 36.59％ in PD patients and 2.90％ in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜ 0.001).Among the 30 PD patients with PD psychosis meeting the NINDS/NIMH criteria,patients experienced illusions,false sense of presence,hallucinations and delusions was 22.0％,14.6％,29.3％,and 7.3％,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that age,levodopa equivalent dosage,SCOPA-SLEEP scores,and prevalence of RBD were significantly higher in thePDP group [(71.1±6.18),(628.7±283.2),(15.3±7.28),60.00％] than in the PDNP group [(66.6±9.25),(461.1±317.2),(9.7±7.64),28.85％] (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that Hoehn-Yahr staging was a protective factor (OR =0.039,95％ CI:0.004-0.402),while sleep disorder was a risk factor (OR=1.157,95％CI:1.015-1.320).The PD patients with more psychotic symptoms were much older and with higher SCOPA-SLEEP scores,which had a statistically significant difference (P =0.0042,P =0.0112).Conclusions The prevalence of psychosis is much higher in PD patients than in healthy controls.PD psychosis is correlated with older age,larger levodopa equivalent doses,higher SCOPA-SLEEP scores,and prevalence of REM sleep behavior disorder.