Objective To investigate the pathogenesis, distribution of the pathogens and resistance pattern of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with diseases of central nervous system(CNS).Methods Bacterial typing was conducted on the 59 strains separated from the sputum of 59 patients of nosocomial pneumonia with CNS diseases in our hospital in 2002.MIC drug sensitive test in vitro was conducted with the most common 15 antibiotics.Results The most common pathogens of nosocomial pneumonia in the diseases of CNS were:Staphylococcus aureus 23.7%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22.0%,Acinetobacter baumannii 18.6%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 8.5% Xanthomonas maltophilia 6.8%?According to the drug sensitive test,antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacilli were increasing.None of the vancomycin-resistant MRSA variant was seen.Conclusion The risk factors of nosocomial pneumonia in the diseases of CNS are long hospital stay,respiratory tract invasive operation and unreasonable antibiotic therapy.The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Xanthomonas maltophilia.Effective and infection-control procedures,surveillance systems and appropriate antimicrobial selection are key methods in limiting nosocomial pneumonia and antimicrobial-resistant pathogen occurrence.

Objective To describe the prevalence and neuropsychological character of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with Parkinson' s disease(PD-MCI). Methods One hundred and three PD patients and a control group of 32 healthy old subjects were chosen. Psychometric assessment included the Mini Mental State Examination, the Dementia Rating Scale and a series of neuropsychol ogicaltests. The Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression was used to assess depression in PD patients. Results (1)Twenty-one (20.4%) PD patients was diagnosed with dementia, 45 (43.7%) had a MCI and only 37(35.9%) had no cognitive impairment; (2) Subjects with PD-MCI were older, had a later onset of the PD,and displayed more severe motor symptoms compared with those without cognitive impairment; (3) The prevalence and neuropsychological profile of PD-MCI were thought to correlate with the dominating side and subtype of Parkinsonian symptoms, for patients with left-sided dominant symptoms had a significantly higher chance of suffering MCI than those with right-sided dominant symptoms, the ratio being 74.2% vs 42.2%,χ<'2 =7. 589,P <0.05; The tremor-dominant group took less time than the mixed group for Stroop word test measurement ((80.8±39.9) s vs (94.4±30.0) s,t=3.332,P<0.01). Conclusion Identification of MCI is of important clinical significance, which helps to treat patients differently and thus predict the prognosis.