Objective To investigate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine retention-enema combined with tamsulsosin hydrochloride capsules in treating chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Methods Two hundred patients of CABP/CPPS from Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of TCM during September 2007-October 2012 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 100 cases in each group. The control group received the treatment of tamsulsosin hydrochloride capsules, 0.2 mg/d, qn, and the observation group received the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine retention-enema additionally. The course was 4 weeks. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed and compared. The indexes including the scores of NIH-CPSI, leukocyte count and lecithin corpuscles in prostatic fluid, urinary flow rate were evaluated. Results The total effective rate was 100%(100/100) in observation group, and 88% (88/100) in control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The scores of NIH-CPSI and leukocyte count in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group after treatment, with significant difference (P<0.05). The cases with lecithin corpuscles (++++) in observation group were more than those in control group (P<0.05). The peak flow rate and mean flow rate increased after treatment in both groups, and there was no statistically difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine retention-enema combined with tamsulsosin hydrochloride capsules can significantly improve the clinical effect of CABP/CPPS.