Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Placenta ; chemistry ; drug effects ; physiology ; Pregnancy ; Rats

Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; genetics

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Occipital Bone ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Aristolochic Acids ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute ; chemically induced ; prevention & control

Objective To study the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in detecting sentinel lymph node(SLN) in patients with colorectal cancer during operation and their clinical significance.Methods Twenty-one patients who underwent radical resection of a primary colorectal cancer were enrolled.During operation,1 ％ methylene blue was injected around the tumor,SLN mapping was performed.Then the SonoVue was injected at the same sites,CEUS was performed to observe changes of SLN in real time,and marked them.The SLN detection rate and accuracy of CEUS were compared to those of conventional dye guided method.Results The rectal cancer of below peritoneal reflex,the detection rate of CEUS for SLN was 92.31 ％,and the accuracy was 88.89％.The detection rate of dye guided method for SLN was 84.62％,and the accuracy was 93.10％,there was no statistically significant difference between CEUS and dye guided method (P ＞0.05).Conclusions When injected SonoVue in submucosal layer,the good mapping of SLN of patients with rectal cancer of below peritoneal reflex can be obtained,it will play an important role in clinical application to map SLN of patients with rectal cancer of below peritoneal reflex.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Design Non-controlled retrospective case series.Participant 131 patients (262 eyes) with myopia received bilateral LASIK.Methods Eye cy- clotorsion and pupil centroid shift were measured with Custom Vue~(TM) software during operation and compared with age,gender,right or left eye,flap-making method,spherical equivalent (SE),pupil diameter before and during operation.Main Outcome Measures The de- gree of eye cyclotorsion and distance of pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Results The mean eye cyclotorsion during LASIK was 3.07??2.07?(0?-8.6?).The mean pupil centroid shift was 0.33?0.14 mm (0.04-0.51 mm).The eye cyclotorsion was relevant to preoperative pupil size,difference of pupil size before and during operation,and preoperative SE (r=0.188,0.156,0.130,all P7.0 mm was higher than that of with pupil diameter≤7.0mm (3.35??2.17?,2.71??1.89?,P=-0.014).Pupil centroid shift was higher in fight eyes than that in left eyes (0.39?0.12 mm,0.28?0.13 mm,P=0.000).Conclu- sion Eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK can be measured with Custom Vue~(TM) system.The eye cyclotorsion may be influenced by the preoperative pupil size.The pupil centroid during LASIK was more significant in the right eyes than in the left eyes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Cities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the safety,effectiveness and predictability of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with fem- tosecond laser (IntraLase) and mechanical microkeratome (Moria M2,head 90?m).Design Prospective clinical study.Participant 148 patients (274 eyes) with high myopia received operation of LASIK.Method The patients were assigned to receiving LASIK with corneal flap creation by Intralase femtosecond laser (134 eyes of 76 patients) or Moria 90 keratome (140 eyes of 72 patients),both groups receiving eximer laser ablation with VISX Star S4.Followed-up examinations such as visual acuity,refraction,wavefront aberra- tion,etc.were scheduled for 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months postoperatively.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,refrac- tion,wavefront aberration,Schirmer test and tear film breakup time(BUT).Results At 3 months after operation,108 eyes (80.6%) of IntraLase group had UCVA better than or equal to BSCVA preoperatively,showing no statistically significant difference to microker- atome group (116 eyes,82.9%,P=0.642).The mean residual spheroequivalent of refraction of IntraLase group was -0.49?0.70D,show- ing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (-0.56?0.83D,P=0.448).The mean Schirmer test of Intralase group was 9.5?4.0mm,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (9.5?7.2mm,P=0.950).The mean BUT of IntraLase group was 7.9?4.3s,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (8.08?5.48s,P=0.869).The postoperative higher-order aberrations of the IntraLase group was 0.480?0.133?m,lower than that of microkeratome group (0.578?0.169?m,P=0.034). Conclusions Thin-flap LASIK with femtosecond laser and mechanical keratome flap creation are both safe,effective for the correction of high myopia,showing good predictability and stability.Femtosecond laser has slightly better clinical outcomes than microkeratome.

Objective: To observe the effect of muscle regions of meridians warm needling method plus pricking Jing-Well points for blood-letting in improving nail fold microcirculation in the patients with shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) after stroke, and the effects on hemorrheology, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and serum substance P (SP). Methods: A total of 72 patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. The control group was treated with physical rehabilitation training, and the observation group was treated with additional muscle regions of meridians warm needling method plus pricking Jing-Well points for blood-letting treatment. The treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared. The changes in shoulder-hand syndrome scale (SHSS), simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE), visual analog scale (VAS), activities of daily living (ADL), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, nail fold microcirculation hemorheology indictors [whole blood viscosity (high-shear, low-shear), hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)], CGRP and SP levels were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was 86.1％, higher than 63.9％ in the control group (P<0.05). The overall curative effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of pain sensation, edema, external turn and rotation of the arm in SHSS, and the total score were significantly decreased in both groups (all P<0.05), and each score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of VAS and TCM syndrome in both groups decreased significantly (all P<0.05), and the scores of FMA-UE and ADL increased significantly (all P<0.05). The scores of VAS and TCM syndrome in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05), and the scores of FMA-UE and ADL were higher than those in the control group (both P<0.05). After treatment, the whole blood viscosity (high-shear and low-shear) and hematocrit in both groups decreased obviously (all P<0.05), and ESR increased obviously (both P<0.05), and the whole blood viscosity (high-shear and low-shear) and hematocrit in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05), and ESR was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the peritubular state, loop shape, blood flow and total score of nail fold microcirculation in both groups decreased significantly (all P<0.05), and each score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, SP in both groups decreased obviously (both P<0.05), CGRP increased obviously (both P<0.05), and SP in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), CGRP was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with conventional physical rehabilitation training, muscle regions of meridians warm needling method plus pricking Jing-Well points for blood-letting treatment can significantly reduce the clinical symptoms of SHS, promote the recovery of physical functions, improve the nail fold microcirculation and hemorrheology indictors, and regulate the serum cytokine levels such as CGRP and SP.

Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a key factor in the virus's invasion of host cells, involving the binding of the virus to target cells and the fusion of membranes. The proteolytic cleavage and activation of HA by host proteases are prerequisites for the virus to recognize host cells and initiate membrane fusion, and are also essential for viral infection of the host. This article summarizes the proteolytic activation of different subtypes of influenza virus HA by type II transmembrane serine proteases, human tissue kallikreins, and other host proteases, and discusses their potential as targets for antiviral therapy.