Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infection due to its intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. In the host,glutathione(GSH) ,one of the most important intracellular antioxidants,provides protection against high levels of oxidative stress. A decrease in GSH levels in tissues infected with P. aeruginosa has been observed while interactions between pyocyanin and GSH maybe partially attribute to P. aeruginosa infection. In this review,the relationship between GSH and the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa has been discussed based on the author's own research results and the latest literature.

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSTwenty healthy volunteers and fifty patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent DTI in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Ningbo University from January 2014 to April 2015. Healthy volunteers served as controls. Fifty patients were divided into three groups (group A , B, C) according to cervical MRI scan standard. Group A (17 cases) had only the dura mater spinalis compressed; Group B (23 cases) showed the cervical spinal cord compressed, but no high signal in it; Group C (10 cases) had the cervical spinal cord compressed with high signal in the same level. The average apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA)values in these examinee were analyzed and all subjects were performed fiber tracking.

RESULTSThere was no statistically significant differences in ADC and FA values in C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7 of control group (P>0.05). The average ADC and FA values in control group were (0.875 +/- 0.096) x10(3) mm2/s and 0.720 +/- 0.051, respectively; compared with group A,there was no statistically significant difference; compared with group B and C, there was significant difference; comparison among group A, B, C, there was significant differences.

CONCLUSIONDTI can early and accurately quantify the changes of microstructure in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Fiber tracking can show the damage range of spinal cord lesions.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spondylosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

The antitussive activity assay for the root extraction of Disporum cantoniense was carried out with coughing mice induced by ammonia liquor. The results showed that the ethanol and water extractions of D. cantoniense possess strong antitussive activity, and the high dose of the former was better than positive control, and then the constituents of the ethanol extraction were separated and purified by various modern chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data. As a result, eight compounds were isolated and identified as stigmast-4-en-3-one(1), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3beta-ol(2), obtucarbamate A(3), obtucarbamate B(4), neotigogenin(5), azo-2, 2'-bis[Z-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-methyl-5-methoxy) phenyl ethylene] (6),dimethyl {[carbonylbis (azanediyl)] bis( 2-methyl-5, 1-phenylene) j dicarbamate (7) , and quercetin-3-O-pB-D-glucopyranoside(8). All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, and the result of bioactivity-directed isolation showed that compounds 3, 4, and 6 had obvious effect on antitussive activity, and compound 6 had the same level as positive control.
Animals ; Antitussive Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Female ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; Male ; Mice

Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; Wilms Tumor ; complications ; pathology ; Young Adult

Aim To investigate the age-related changes of TrkB mRNA in hippocampal formation of aged rats,and the effects of ginsenosides(GS),and provide reliable experimental evidence for anti-aging.Methods 24 Wistar female rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Young,aged and GS group(fed with GS from 17 to 27 months).In situ hybridization(ISH) method was applied into qualifying and quantitating the TrkB mRNA expression in hippocampal formation.Results TrkB mRNA expression in aged CA3,CA1 and dentate gyrus decreased by 24.2%,13.4% and 50.6%(P

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of CKJ Recipe (consisting of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, amygdaloside, and gypenosides) containing serum on the activation of rat primary hepatic stellate cells (rHSCs) and to explore its pharmacological mechanism.

METHODSrHSCs were isolated form liver and cultured for four days. Then they were divided into the normal control group, the model group, and the CKJ group. rHSCs in the model group and the CKJ group were treated with 2.5 ng/mL transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in serum-free DMEM for 24 h. Serum free DMEM (containing no TGF-beta1) was taken as the control for the normal control group. rHSCs in the CKJ group were treated with 5% CKJ-containing serum for 24 h. rHSCs in the other two groups were treated with 5% blank serum for 24 h.The protein expression level of a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) was determined using high throughput screening (HCS) and Western blot. mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, collagen I (Col-I), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGF-betaR), TGF-beta1, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGF-betaR1), and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGF-beta R2) were detected using quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-betaR1, and TGF-betaR2 significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta1, and TGF-beta R2 significantly decreased in the CKJ group (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCKJ containing serum could inhibit the protein expression level of o-SMA, which was probably related with inhibiting TGF-beta1 and its related receptors.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of kneepad on expression of Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA of chondrocyte in white rabbits with knee osteoarthritis, so as to explore and treatment mechanism of OA kneepad on apoptosis of chondrocytes of rabbits with knee osteoarthritis in molecular degree.

METHODSForty-four Japanese healthy 6-month-old rabbits (equal male and female,the weight ranging from 2 to 2.2 kg) were used to establish knee osteoarthritis models by modified Hulth method. The rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal group, model group, control group (microwave), experimental group 1 (electricity), experimental group 2 (thermal), experimental group 3 (kneepad). Ten rabbits in the normal group were breed with conventional method; 9 rabbits in the model group were breed with conventional method after model made; 9 rabbits in the control group were treated with microwave for 30 minutes, one time daily; 9 rabbits in the experimental group 1 were treated with electricity (density wave) for 30 minutes,one time daily;8 rabbits in the experimental group 2 were treated with hot (hot soft membrane) for 30 minutes, one time daily; 9 rabbits in the experiment group 3 were treated with electrothermal (OA knee pad) for 30 minutes, one time daily. All the rabbits were treated for 16 weeks and then sacrificed. The expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA of chondrocytes in knee joint were detected by using fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method.

RESULTSAt the 16 hthek,th e OD260/OD280 value range of total RNA extracted from rabbit articular cartilage tissue in each group were all at 1.80 to 2.00,wh ich indicates high RNA purity. The p53 relative mRNA in articular cartilage cells of model group,th e control group,th e experimental group 1 ,r oup 2,gr oup 3 were overexpressed,an d Belc2 mRNA expression levels of articular cartilage cells were low expression,an d compared with the normal group there were significant differences (P < 0.01). Belc2, p53 mRNA expression in articular cartilage cells,th ere were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the control group, experimental group 1, group 2, group 3 and model group. The results between the control group, experimental group 1 ,group 2 and group 3 had significant differences (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOA-kneepad can up-regulate the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 as well as down-regulate the mRNA expression of p53, thereby to inhibit the apoptosis of cartilage cells and delay the degeneration of articular cartilage changes.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Knee Joint ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Protective Devices ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of iptkalim on myocardial enzymes and free radicals metabolism with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), in order to provide evidence for the mechanism of iptkalim on clinical treat.

METHODS110 young men stayed at high altitude above 5 000 m were divided into iptkalim group (n = 74) and placebo group (n = 36), aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), nitric oxide(NO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) were detected before and after took medicines for 6 mouths.

RESULTSAfter took medication for 6 mouths, ALT, AST, gamma-GT, CK and LDH were reduced, SOD, NO, and NOS were increased, MDA were reduced, there were very significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOxygen free radicals have taken part in the process of HPH, iptkalim have the effect of anti-peroxidation of lipid and protect myocardial cells stress injured by hypoxia which related with mitochondrial membrane and cell membrane's K(ATP) channel activation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Altitude ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; blood ; etiology ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; complications ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; Potassium Channels ; agonists ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the application of dialectical nursing of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with gout.Methods Totals of 68 cases with gout were randomly divided into control group( n =36)and observation group (n =34).Types such as wet- hot,heat and blood stasis block,phlegm,yin deficiency of liver and kidney of cases were divided.The observation group received the dialectical nursing and selfdesigned special care programs,many special form were used such as drawing the blood uric acid detection curve,symptom observation,daily diet records list,daily medication and external treatment record.Then,the time of symptoms better,effective,cure were observed and diet,living,grooming emotion were strictly guidanced.Control group only rceived the dialectical nursing without self-designed nursing program.Results The time of blood uric decrease to normal of observation group significantly short than that of control group(15.0 ±2.5) d vs (22.0 ±7.5) d,(t =5.1629;P ＜0.05).The whole effective cases number of observation group was significantly more than that of control group ( 33 vs 26 ),( x2 =4.6102 ; P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Dialectical nursing application,detailed records in every day,strict implementation of the living,diet,emotional guidance for the patients with gout have positive clinical influencing.

AIMIn order to evaluate the regulatory effects of nucleotides and adenosine on ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) in artery smooth muscles, the effects of them on vascular relaxation induced by K(ATP) opener pinacidil(Pin) were investigated.

METHODSThe isolated endothelium- denuded aorta rings were preincubated with nucleotides or nucleotides and glibenclamide (Gli) for 10 min, the vascular relaxation induced by Pin in aorta precontracted with 20 mmol x L(-1) KCl was observed.

RESULTSAfter the isolated endothelium-denuded aorta rings were preincubated with ATP, ADP, UDP, GTP and adenosine (Ade) 100 micromol x L(-1) respectively, the vascular relaxation induced by Pin was changed as following: (1) ATP could inhibit the K(ATP) activation by Pin and enhance the blockade of K(ATP) by Gli. (2) ADP could inhibit the K(ATP) activation by Pin and attenuate the blockade of K(ATP) by Gli. (3) The regulatory effect of Ade on K(ATP) was similar with that of ADP. (4) UDP could enhance the K(ATP) activation by Pin and attenuate the blockade of K(ATP) by Gli. (5) GTP could enhance the K(ATP) activation by Pin, but had no effects on the blockade of K(ATP) by Gli.

CONCLUSIONNucleotides and adenosine, related to energy metabolism, could modulate the functions of K(ATP) in vascular smooth muscle. But their pharmacological characteristics were different.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; drug effects ; Glyburide ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; KATP Channels ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; drug effects ; Nucleotides ; pharmacology ; Pinacidil ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology