BACKGROUND:Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 may be related to tumor progression, and can prevent the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by interleukin-3 withdrawal. Serum and glucocorticoid regulated protein kinase 3 possibly participate in the regulation of intracellular Wnt signal pathway.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 andβ-catenin protein expression in breast cancer cells.
METHODS:Breast cancer stem cells were isolated, identified and subcultured from 71 breast cancer cases by dual-wave flow cytometry. The 30 normal breast tissues were used as the controls. SP immunohistochemistry analysis was used to detect the level of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 andβ-catenin protein expression in breast cancer stem cells and normal breast tissues.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 andβ-catenin in breast cancer stem cells were both higher than that of normal breast tissues (P<0.01). There had a positive correlation between serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 andβ-catenin expression in breast cancer stem cells (r=0.318, P<0.05). Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer by regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is widely used in clinical practice,due to the characteristics of minimal invasion,quick recovery,low incidence of postoperative chest pain and the same effect of lobectomy as thoracotomy.However,the surgical itself has a certain degree of difficulty,and due to the effect of lymph node,intraoperative blood loss,pleural adhesions,conversion to thoracotomy surgery is needed in some cases. Understanding the risk factors of conversion to thoracotomy can help thoracic surgeons figure out the right time to operate the surgery.

Animals ; Humans ; Neurotoxins ; toxicity ; Pesticides ; toxicity ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Toxicology

Objective: To summarize our experience on anesthesia management of patients who suffered from cervical spine injury after earthquake. Methods: The anesthesia management data of the 6 patients suffering from cervical spine injury during Wenchuan Earthquake (May 12,2008,China) were retrospectively analyzed. Results: After antishock treatment and stabilization of vital signs, the 6 patients underwo nt surgery under general anesthesia in an open field hospital (intubation was conducted with slow induction) or in our hospital (intubation was conducted with bronchofibroscope). During operation the patients showed smooth respiratory and cardiovascular characteristics, and recovered well after operation. Conclusion: Under the field condition, intubation with slow induction is a good choice for patients with cervical spine injury; while in a hospital, intubation with bronchofibroscope should be chosen because it causes less movement of cervical spine.

Objective: To summarize our experience in perioperative anesthetic management for fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) patients receiving liver transplantation. Methods: The clinical anesthetic data of 48 FHF patients receiving orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT) from January 2006 to January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed, and the anesthetic management experience was summarized. General anesthesia was applied; the hemodynamics was monitored during the operation and doses of adrenaline and phenylephrine were adjusted according to the monitoring results. Blood samples were obtained before operation, before anheptic, 30 min after anhepatic P base, 5 min before neohepatic phase, and 5 min, 30 min and 60 min after neohepatic phase for blood gas and electrolyte analysis and for determination of coagulation function; the drugs were subsequently adjusted according to analysis results. Results: All the 48 patient underwent successful anesthetic management and there was no death during opearation. The average blood loss during operation was (5 219±478) ml. Mild alkalosis, hypokalemia, hyponatrium, and hypocalcemia were present before operations. pH, BE and HCO3-were obviously reduced 30 min after anhepatic phase and increased 60 min after neohepatic phase. Kalemia was obviously increased 30 min following anhepatic phase and began to increase 60 min following neohepatic phase. Calium concentration was decreased at the end of preanhepatic phase (P

Objective: To summarize our experience on anesthetic management for liver re-transplantation. Methods: The clinical data of 20 patients who received liver re-transplantation under general anesthesia were retrospectively analyzed. General anesthesia was given to all patients. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), electrocardiogram (ECG), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure continuous cardiac output (CCO), cardiac index (CI), partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PetCO2), auditory evoked potentials index (AEPI), body temperature (T), and urine volume were continuously monitored during the operation. Pulse-induced contour cardiac output (PiCCO) technology was used to measure global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV), extravascular lung water (EVLW), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and stroke volume variation (SVV). The following data of patients, including the periods between the 2 operation, the presence of abdominal infection and multiple organ system failure (MOSF), the mode of re-operation, the operation duration, non-liver time, blood loss, blood transfusion, prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), preoperative creatinine, preoperative bilirubin, and the use of volven, albumin, 5% sodium bicarbonate, fibrinogen and thrombin, were all investigated and compared between the 2 operations. Results: All the 20 patients survived after liver re-transplantation. During the operation the hemodynarnic state, urine volume, electrolytes, and acid-base balance were all stable. The duration of the re-operation was significantly longer compared with that of the first operation (P<0.05), and the blood loss, blood transfusion, and the used of fibrinogen, thrombin and 5% sodium bicarbonate were all significantly more than those of the first operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Anesthetic management for liver re-transplantation is very complicated; better understanding of patients condition and operation, careful observation during operation, and correct management in time are the keys for successful operation.

Objective: To summarize our experience on the anesthetic management, cardiopulmonary bypass, and protection of major organs total aortic arch replacement in patients with DeBakey type I aortic dissection. Methods: From June 2005 to June 2006, 5 patients with acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection received total aortic arch replacement under general anesthesia and deep low temperature. The 5 patients, including 3 man and 2 women, with an age range of 49-76 years, all received emergent operation. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and the experience on anesthesia management was summarized. Results: All the 5 patients had uneventful anesthesia with propofol. The time of cardiopulmonary bypass was 111-148 min, with a mean of (127.2±16.6) min. The priming solution was Ringer acetate solution. The selective cerebral perfusion time was 11-18 min, with a mean of (15.2±2.8) min. The lowest temperature was 19-22°C, with a mean of (20.4±1.5)°C. Modified pH-stat technique was employed for temperature lowing and the rate of rewarming was controlled strictly. The right axillary artery cannulation was routinely performed for cardiopulmonary bypass and selected cerebral perfusion. The blood transfusion was 600-1 400 ml. The auditory evoked potentials index was 0 during lower body arrest. There were no serious cerebral complications after operations. Four patients survived and one died of renal failure 6 days after operation. Conclusion: General anesthesia combined with deep low temperature and selected cerebral perfusion provides a safe condition for ascending arota and total arotic replacement.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of the standard manual compression and 2 arterial puncture closing devices, Angioseal and Perclose, for hemostasis at the femoral artery access site in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Methods: Totally 366 patients undergoing coronary angiography or PCI were assigned to receive either Angioseal (n=128), Perclose (n=110) or standard manual compression (n=128). The efficacy endpoint (immediate hemostasis, successful hemostasis rate, operating time, time of leg immobilization and time to hemostasis) and safety endpoint (vasovagal reflex, major complications, local complications, hematocrit drop, etc.) were evaluated. Risk factors (gender, age, body mass index, comorbid conditions, antiplatelet agents, and anticoagulant agents, etc.) were also analyzed. Results: The successful hemostasis rates were similar be tween Angioseal group and Perclose group, but the rate of immediate hemostasis of Angioseal group was higher than that of Perclose group (P<0.01). Time of leg immobilization and time to hemostasis in Angioseal group and Perclose group was shorter than those of manual compression group(P<0.01). Both vasovagal reflex (9.3%) and major complications (3.1%) were only noticed in manual compression group. The rates of local complications in manual compression group and Angioseal group were both lower than that of Perclose group(P<0.01). Post-procedure unfractionated heparin was associated with increased risk of hematoma (OR=4.382, P<0.05), post-procedure clopidogrel (OR=3.549, P<0.01) and interventional procedures (OR=6.584, P<0.05) were associated with increased risk of blood oozing, and female gender was associated with a reduced risk of blood oozing (OR=0.132, P<0.05). The successful hemostasis rates were lower in the elderly and those receiving PCI. Post-procedure unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin was associated with longer hemostasis time. Conclusion: Perclose and An gioseal can be an alternative of standard manual compression for hemostasis of the femoral artery access site. Angioseal may be better than Perclose regarding the immediate hemostasis and local complications.

Abstract?AIM: To characterize the effects of sodium iodate on mouse retinal morphology and function.?METHODS: Sodium iodate at 35mg/kg ( body weight) was administered by tail vein injection into adult 6-8wk C57BL/6J mice. Morphological and functional changes of the retina were assessed at 6h, 1, 3, 5 and 8d after injections by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT), ERG and histology. Mice in control group were give tail vein injection of equivalent dose of normal saline. All the eyeballs were removed for paraffin section and H-E staining.?RESULTS: The fundus photographs images at 6h after injection showed obvious changes, which were light red in retina and showed retinal blood vessels radial arranged. At 6h after injection, off-white drusen-like change was found at fundus. While there were no observable changes in OCT image and ERG. At 1d after injection, the fundus lesion aggravated and the drusen increased gradually. There were retinal pigment epithelial ( RPE) disorders, photoreceptors and outer nuclear layer (ONL) damage through OCT. At 3d after injection, the retina lesion aggravated further and the retina became edema. At 5d after injection, the retina edema cleared away, the optic nerve became white and the fundus lesions increased. At 8d after injection, the RPE layer, photoreceptors and ONL were destroyed obviously. In the process, ERG showed the amplitudes of a- and b-wave decreased in a time-dependent manner. H-E staining showed that cells in retina of mice in control group were neatly arranged and well- distributed. The outer layer retina of sodium iodate injection group was wave-like, the normal structure of RPE disappeared and black round sediment could be seen which increased with time. At 8d after injection, there were any normal RPE.?CONCLUSION: The tail vein injection of sodium iodate can well simulate the pathogenesis of age - related macular degeneration which can provide a good animal model for AMD.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; analysis ; Animals ; Frontal Lobe ; drug effects ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium Azide ; pharmacology ; Space Perception