[Objective]To appraise the indications,essential technical points and selection of prostheses of hemi or total arthroplasty of the shoulder for severe damages of proximal part of humerus.[Method]Twelve cases had an arthroplasty of the shoulder;4 total-arthroplasties and 8 hemi-arthroplasties of the shoulder;6 cases of four parts fractures,2 cases of humeral head osteonecrosis,1 case of osteonecrosis of humeral head and glenoid cavity,2 cases of proliferative arthritis with the shoulder rigidity,1 case of bone humor.The function of the shoulder was evaluated postoperatively according to the methods of Amercian Society of Surgeons for Shoulder and Elbow Joints.All cases were followed up with a mean duration of 14 months.[Result]Twelve cases revealed obvious relief of pain with absence of pain in 8 and mild in 4.Twelve cases had no prosthetic stems loosening.The motion range of the shoulder was improved with a mean abduction of 100.Ten cases had the satisfactory results for treatment.[Conclusion]Hemi or total arthroplastyof shoulder is effective for complicated proximal humeral damages.The key of success is related with scientific operative method,appropriate selection of prostheses,effective rehabilitation plan.

Objective: To use the pooled sampling method to reduce the error caused by the detecting precision, so as to improve the accuracy of population rate estimates. Methods: A formula was deduced on how to obtain the ideal rate under given sensitivity and specificity, and the mean relative errors of rate estimation with different pool sizes were simulated and calculated using software SAS 9.1. Results: When the actual rate was lower than the ideal rate, the errors caused by the detecting precision could be greatly reduced through adjusting the rate of mixed samples. Conclusion: When the population rate is low, the accuracy of rate estimation can be improved and the numbers of tests can be reduced by using pooled sampling method under given specificity and sensitivity.

Objective: Currently most researches concerning electret transdermal patches are performed by one-factor experimental design with relatively poor efficiency. To analyze the influencing factors in a more systematical and effective manner, we put forward an optimized design for in vitro experiment with electret transdermal patches. Methods: Due to the great number and various levels of factors impacting the charge storage stability of electrets, we combined uniform design and orthogonal design to optimize the screening for the stable transdermal patch. In the following in vitro study, we optimized the design of percutaneous experiments to screen for charge polarity and penetration enhancers using a two-factor experimental design. And using an orthogonal experimental design, we further studied the influence of different levels of main drug, surface potential and penetration enhancer on transdermal absorption. Conclusion: The present design, taking into consideration of various factors and using multi-factor experimental design, can more effectively analyze data, reduce workload, and is feasible.

Objective:To study the cognitive function and brain white matter fiber change in major depressive patients prior and post-treatment.Methods:Eleven major depressed patients were given antidepressants for 10 weeks, and their conditions were evaluated using 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD).The cognitive function was determined by using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),part of Wechsler memory scale and diffusion tensor ima- ging(DTI)was scanned before and after treatment.11 healthy people as control group were involved and given the same tests at the same time.Results:(1)The WCST scores of patients increased significantly after treatment(prior treatment Cc:1.6?1.6,Re:67.9?20.0,Rpe:51.5?24.8;post treatment Ce:4.0?2.1,Re:43.2?18.8,Rpe:22.8?16.0,P=0.001/0.000/0.003).There was no difference in number sequence memory in Wechsler memory scale.No difference was found between patients after treatment and control group in either WCST or number sequence memory.The patients made significant improvement in the total score of HAMD after treatment(16?14/54?13,t=6.60,P

Objective To evaluate the multi-slice spiral CT scan of liver dynamic dual-phase three-dimensional vascular imaging portal phase clinical value. Methods 80 cases in clinic, who were patients with liver function and imaging diagno- sis of liver and portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis, and 20 cases of healthy persons were carried out multi-slice spiral CT dual-phase scanning. The workstation used volume rendering techniques (VR) and maximum density multi-planar recon- struction technique for reconstruction. Results The hepatic arterial phase VR image and MIP MPR images can clearly show the celiac trunk, splenic artery, hepatic artery or artery and its branches, including 2-3 grade tumor blood supply variation of blood vessels and blood vessels, the portal venous phase, VR images and MIP MPR images clearly show the 1-6 level structure and the portal vein and hepatic vein branches of 1-3, with strong three-dimensional sense of space. Conclusion The multi-slice spiral CT three-dimensional reconstruction of portal vein imaging is a fast and effective non-invasive an- giography techniques, contributing to the clinical choice of reasonable efficacy of treatment programs and follow-up.

AlM: To observe the influence on the incidence of diffuse lamellar keratitis ( DLK ) after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) whether or not wearing sterile gloves with talc during operation, and to confirm the role of residual talc in the occurrence of DLK.
METHODS: Totally 563 patients ( 1 126 eyes ) accepted operation with the method of surgical hand antisepsis only were set as the experimental group, while 592 patients ( 1 184 eyes ) with the method of surgical hand antisepsis and sterile gloves as the control group. Each patient was rechecked to observe the occurrence of DLK on the first day and the seventh day after the operation. Then the data of DLK were statistically analyzed byχ2 test and rank sum test.
RESULTS:On the first postoperative day, the incidence of DLK was 7. 4% (83 eyes) in experimental group and 12. 2% (144 eyes) in control group. ln the former group, stage Ⅰ of DLK accounted for 4. 6% (52 eyes) and stageⅡ for 2. 8% (31 eyes);while in the latter, stage l did for 7. 7% (91 eyes) and stageⅡfor 4. 5% (53 eyes). On the seventh day, all DLK were cured. The other 2 cases ( 3 eyes) occurred in stage Ⅳ DLK ( the first time recheck was on the eighth day after operation and fluorometholone ophthalmic solution was not used on time ) . The incidence and the severity were both significant lower in the experimental group than in the control (both P<0. 01).
CONCLUSlON: Talc is one of the most important factors resulting in DLK after LASlK. The method of surgical hand antisepsis without wearing gloves could avoid the stimulation of talc and reduce the incidence of DLK obviously.

Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Hematoma ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

ObjectiveTostudy the value of color Doppler sonography in diagnosisof rhabdomyolysis.Methods The color Doppler sonography images of twenty-one patients with diagnosed rhabdomyolysis were retrospective analyzed.The pathological changes of the muscle were observed.Results The appearance of ultrasound was cloundness and rough-cast glass change in the diseased area of rhabdomyolysis.The diseased region can be found by ultrasound,and location and scope can be displayed clearly.There were major differences in the location of rhabdomyolysis because of etiological factor.The muscle volume and tension of rhabdomyolysis were increased for trauma,the individual patients will lead to the osteofascial compartment syndrome.There was no blood flow signal or little blood flow signal in the diseased area of rhabdomyolysis.Conclusions The color Doppler sonography is an efficient method for diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis.

Objective To investigate the CT characteristics of ectopic pheochromocytoma in the abdomen.Methods The CT characteristics of 31 cases of ectopic pheochromocytoma in abdomen proved by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed.The relationship between the density,cystic change,calcification,boundary,the enhancement degree and pathological types and tumor tissue components were studied.Results The tumors location was:9 cases in mesentery,8 cases adjacent to abdominal aorta(7 on the left and1 right),3 cases above the adrenal gland(2 on the right and 1 left),3 cases outside the renal hilum(1 on the right and 2 left),3 cases behind the inferior venacava,3 cases in hepatic hilum,and 2 cases in duodenal ampulla.Tumor size ranged from 2.7 cm ×2.5 cm to 18.0 cm × 11.0 cm(average 6.8 cm ×5.6 cm).CT plain scan:the CT value was 32-58 Hu for the substantial part(average 45 Hu),18 to 25 Hu for the cystic necrosis part (average 21.5 Hu).28 cases had clear boundary and tumor boundary in 3 cases was not clear.24 cases had equal density of the substantial part,7 cases had high density of the substantial part.21 had irregular low-density areas of necrosis in the mass center.8 cases had punctiform,patchy or linear calcification in the mass.Enhanced CT:CT value in arterial phase was 47-105 Hu of the substantial part(average 76 Hu),among which tortuous expansion within the enhanced vascular shadow of the tumor was found in 8 cases.CT value in venous phase was 45 to 90 Hu of the substantial part(average 65Hu),among which 7 cases had obviously decreased density in parenchymal enhancement part,19 cases slightly decreased,and 5 cases strengthened constantly.CT value in delayed phase was 42 to 70 Hu of the substantial part(average 56 Hu),among which 26 cases had less enhancement degree of the substantial part compared to that in the arterial and venous phase,and 5 cases had constant enhancement.Conclusions Ectopic pheochromocytoma in the abdomen has certain characteristic in CT.CT characteristics are correlated with pathologic types and tissue components.CT findings combined with clinical manifestation may suggest diagnosis.

Objective To study the effect of once-weekly injection of recombinant human parathyroid hormone rhPTH(1-34) on the healing of bone fracture in rats.Methods Fifty male 3-month old SD rats were used in this study to produce unilateral tibial fracture and received internal fixation with a Kirschner needle.Based on the dose and frequency of rhPTH (1-34) injection, the rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 each) as follows: subcutaneous injec-tions of saline, and rhPTH in a dose of 10, 20, 10, and 20 μg/kg/d.After 4 weeks of treatment, the rats were euthana-tized and the fractured tibia were assessed by X-ray, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA) ,micro-computed tomography ( microCT) and three-point bending test.Results The fracture healing in the 20μg/kg/w group was better than the saline group.The fracture healing in the 20μg/kg/w group was as well as the 10 μg/kg/dgroup.The BMD of 20μg/kg/w group was 26.2%higher than the saline group.The mineralized callus volume in the 20μg/kg/w group was 51.4%higher than the saline group.The total callus volume in the 20μg/kg/w group was 21.6%higher than the saline group.The ultimate load of the 20 μg/kg/w group was 29.3% higher than the saline group.There was no significant difference between the 20 μg/kg/w group and 10 μg/kg/d group in BMD, bone micro-architecture, and biomechanical strength ( P >0.05 ) . Conclusions Once weekly injection of rhPTH (1-34)can promote the bone fracture healing.