R 5 was administered in vitro to observe its antitumor activity in human breast carcinoma cell line MCF 7. As the most useful and efficient anthracycline, epirubicin(EPI) was served as the positive chemical treatment control. MTT colorimetric assay was applied to detect cytotoxicity of R 5 to MCF 7 cells. Apoptotic rate of cells double marked with Annexin V FITC and PI was examined by flow cytometry. And, the alteration of wild type (WT) p53, bax and bcl 2 proteins expression was also observed. Ultrastructural change of MCF 7 cells was observed under a transmission electron microscope. The results showed that growth restrain was observed in MCF 7 cells when administered with different doses of R 5 or EPI. The effect was increased concomitantly with the increasing of R 5 or EPI concentration and culture time. Apoptosis was observed since 6 hours after the MCF 7 cells cultured with R 5 or EPI, and the effect was increased with the culture time extending and reached the highest peak at about 48 hours. However, the apoptotic rate decreased when cultured for 72 hours. Different doses of R 5 and EPI can all induce apoptosis in MCF 7 cell, and the apoptotic rate increased with their concentration, but decreased when the concentration was higher than 5?10 -6 mol/L. Ultrastructure of apoptotic MCF 7 cells, observed by transmission electron microscope, showed typical morphologic changes of apoptosis.

The traditional Chinese medicinal therapy of the eye acupuncture is one of superior microacupuncture therapies which was invented by famous acupuncture professor Peng Jing-shan. Through needling points around the eye, the treatment can treat the diseases of whole body, especially for curing apoplectic paralysis. This article expounded and analyzed the mechanism of eye acupuncture in treating apoplectic paralysis through medical theory, biological holographic theory, modern nerves anatomy and nerves physiology.

Objective: To explore the influence of hydroxyethyl starch(HES) 130/0.4 on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and the possible mechanism. Methods: Twenty-four SD rats were evenly randomized into four groups(n = 6): the sham operation group, the I/R(IR) group, albumin + I/R(A-IR) group, and HES+I/R(H-IR) group; rats in the latter three groups were made into I/R models and were treated respectively with 7.5 ml/kg saline, 5% albumin and HES 130/0.4 through femoral vein at 25 min of ischemia. At 180 min of reperfusion, animals were sacrificed and the pathological changes of myocardium were observed. Serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β and the myocardial NF-κB activity were also measured. Results: Histological examination showed that the injury in H-IR group was ameliorated compared with those in IR and A-IR groups. NF-κB activity and TNF-α, IL-1β concentrations in the sham operation group were significantly lower than those of the other 3 groups (P<0.05); and the increases of the above parameters in H-IR group were smaller than those of the IR and A-IR groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: HES 130/0.4 can improve myocardial function and attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the mechanism might be related to the inhibition of myocardial NF-κB activity and reduction of proinflammatory factors.

Objective: To evaluate the current situation and trend of anti-infection drug usage in 11 hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005. Methods: Using the cost ranking approach, we analyzed the anti-infection drug usage in 11 major hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005. The drug species, consumption, cost, manufacturer, etc. were analyzed by Excel 2000 software. Results: It was found that the cost of anti-infection drugs in the 11 hospitals occupied 22. 65% of the total drug expenditure during 2003-2005 and the expenditure decreased at an annual rate of 4.02%. We also found that 80% of the anti-infection drugs were antibiotics. The consumption of β-lactamase inhibitor valued 44.120 5, 73.696 7 and 95.163 0 million Yuan in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively (with a yearly growth of 46.86%), ranking the 3rd in 2003 and the 2nd in both 2004 and 2005. The consumption of cephalosporins ranked the first during 2003-2005, The top 20 anti-infection drugs occupied nearly 80% of the total consumption; the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone raised from the 17th in 2003 to the 5th in 2004 and to the first in 2005. Conclusion: The consumption of anti-infection drugs has been restrained; cephalosporins are still the major drugs in clinical practice; and the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone is on the rise year by year.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare recombinant peptide(rAHP, amino acid sequence is VLPVPR) PLGA sustained release microspheres by double emulsion solvent evaporation method. METHODS: The rAHP-PLGA microspheres preparation process was optimized by orthogonal experiments using PLGA copolymers with different LA/GA ratios or different molecular weights as sustained material, and in vitro drug release profiles of the microspheres were also investigated. RESULTS: The microspheres were smaller (P < 0.05) and more porous with lower molecular weight of PLGA. The optimal preparation process of rAHP-PLGA microspheres was as follows; PLGA concentration was 12 g · 100 mL-1, the stirring rate of the first emulsion was 1000 r · min-1, the volume ratio of inner water phase to oil phase was 1-7.5, and the PVA concentration was 4 g · 100 mL-1. The encapsulation efficiency of the rAHP-PLGA microspheres prepared by the optimum process was more than 90%, the drug loading was above 11% and the average particle diameter-was in the range of 70-90 μn. The cumulative in vitro release percentage in PBS buffer was less than 40% within 2 h, the release speed increased(P < 0.05) with lower molecular weight or lower ratio of LA/GA. The drug release curve was fit to Higuchi equation, suggesting that rAHP released from the microspheres based on diffusion mechanism. CONCLUSION: The rAHP-PLGA microspheres can be prepared easily with good morphology, high entrapment efficiency and certain sustained release capacity.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PLGA microspheres loaded with recombinant antihypertensive peptide (rAHP) on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS: SHR were randomized to ten groups (n=8 in each group) and administered saline, rAHP (800 μg · kg-1) or rAHP-PLGA microspheres (200, 400 and 800 μg · kg-1) by gavage and subcutaneous injection respectively. WKY rats were randomized to four groups (n=8 in each group) and given rAHP-PLGA microspheres (800 μg · kg-1) or saline by gavage and subcutaneous injection respectively. The systolic blood pressure was measured before and after the administration. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, medium-dose and high-dose of rAHP-PLGA microspheres reduced blood pressure after being orally administered and the effect lasted for above 30 h. For the subcutaneous injection groups, medium-dose and high-dose of rAHP-PLGA microspheres reduced blood pressure and the effect lasted for above 8 d. rAHP-PLGA microspheres had no effect on blood pressure in WKY rats. CONCLUSION: rAHP-PLGA microspheres have long-lasting and significant anti-hypertensive effect in SHR. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Adult ; Anthropometry ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo optimize therapy of acupuncture and moxibustion for postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS).

METHODSForty-one cases of PGS were randomly divided into 3 groups in order of visiting. Group A (n = 17) were treated by warming needle moxibustion, group B (n = 12) by acupuncture plus auricular point sticking, and group C (n = 12) by routine acupuncture. Changes of gastric drainage volume, therapeutic times and cured rate were investigated in the 3 groups.

RESULTSAll the 3 therapeutic methods could significantly decrease gastric drainage volume. The cured rate was 100.0% and the therapeutic times was (7.24 +/- 3.87) in the group A, 66.7%, (9.83 +/- 4.60) times in the group B and 75.0%, (15.25 +/- 3.81) times in the group C, with significant differences in the cured rate and the therapeutic times among the 3 groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe warming needle moxibustion is the best method for PGS, with less therapeutic times, high cured rate and rapid effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastroparesis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy

Objective To study the role of bcl 2 gene expression in human prostate. Methods The level of bcl 2 gene mRNA expression were investigated by in situ hybridization in 11 cases of fetal prostates, 27 cases of adult (specimens obtained from autopsy)and 60 cases of hyperplastic prostates. Results In fetal prostates, positive signals were detected in all epithelial cells of the prostate buds, while in adult and hyperplastic specimens, positive signals were predominantly concentrated to the basal cell layer of the epithelium, with little involvement of the secretory epithelial cells. The expression in hyperplastic prostates was significantly higher than in normal ones and that of the basal epithelial cells was significantly higher than the secretory ones in both the normal prostates and the hyperplastic ones. Conclusions Bcl 2 gene may play an important role in regulating the apoptosis of the basal cells while if plays a secondary role in the secretory cells of the prostate.

Objective To study multiple-drug resistance expression of CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines induced by radiation and its reversal by cyclosporine A and interferon. Methods Drug-resistant CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines were induced by radiation, and expression of P-gp, MRP, TOPⅡ and GST-? on protein and mRNA level were analyzed by flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods before and after radiation. At the same time, effect of cyclosporine A and interferon on multiple-drug resistance expression induced by radiation was studied. Results The results showed that expression of P-gp, MRP and GST-? proteins on CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines were up-regulated by radiation, and cyclosporine A and interferon could reverse the up-regulation of P-gp and MRP proteins induced by radiation. Conclusion Radiation can induce multiple-drug resistance in CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines, and it can be reversed by cyclosporine A and interferon.