Objective To investigate the antidepressed effects of the extract of Hypericum perforatum with enriched flavonoids. Methods The forced swimming test( FST) , tail suspension test( TST) , open field activity( OFA) test and reserpine- induced hypothermia test were carried out to determine the antidepressant activity in mice. Mice immobility duration in FST and TST , spontaneous activity frequency in OFA , and body temperature decrease in reserpine antagonistic test were observed.Results Extract at the dosages of 40, 80, 160 and 240 mg/kg dosage except the dosage of 20 mg/kg, could significantly shorten mice immobility time in FST and TST.Extract could reduce mice spontaneous activity frequency to some degree in OFA. Compared with the model group, extract at the dosages of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg could remarkably inhibit the decrease of body temperature in reserpine antagonistic test at 3rd, 4th and 5th hour, so did the extract at the dosages of 240 and 480 mg/kg. Conclusion Extract of Hypericum perforatum with enriched flavonoids (free of hyperforin) exerts an antidepressant activity in animal models.

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effects of Iptakalim hydrochloride on brain damage and blood rheological changes induced by focal cerebral ischemia. Methods The rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion using a suture method. Infarct size was evaluated by TTC staining. Neurological deficit score was evaluated by Longas method. Cerebral water content of the ischemic hemisphere was measured using wet-and-dry-weight method. The erythrocyte membrane fluidity was studied by the fluorescence polarization technique with DPH fluorescence probe. Results Infarct size of the brain was (24.75?6.66)% of contralateral hemisphere 6 h after focal cerebral ischemia.Pretreatment of Ipt 1.0～4.0 mg?kg -1,given inperitoneal,decreased the infarct size by 0.95%,6.6%(P

Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 ( SIRT1 ) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD)-dependent deacetylase, which can deacetylate histone and non-histone proteins and is involved in many life proces-ses, such as energy metabolism, cell senescence and apoptosis.SIRT1 can enhance the cellular energy supply, inhibit cell apoptosis, alleviate inflammation, enhance the resistance of oxidative stress and improve the function of endothelial cells by deacetylating relevant factors in many vascular-related diseases.This article summarizes the current research progress in the function and signal pathway of SIRT1 in ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis and tumors.

Background and purpose:Medulloblastoma(MB),which is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET),is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood.The mean age at diagnosis is 6 years.Due to the tremendous improvements in techniques of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the 5-year overall survival(OS) is increased to 70% now,compared with 20% in the 1970s.Factors which include local relapse,whether or not there has occurred metastases before resection,residual tumor and age etc.are mostly considered to have significant effects on prognosis.We studied the effects and side effects of the three dimensional conformal radiation therapy(3D-CRT) for the children with medulloblastoma,and summarized the reasons of failure of the therapy.Methods:From August 2001 to August 2007,34 children with medulloblastoma were treated in our hospital.Among all the patients(3-16 years,mean age was 9.5 years) there were 16 cases in high-risk group,and 18 cases in low-risk group.All of them underwent total or subtotal resection before radiation therapy.Patients were not given radiotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery.The interval between surgery and radiotherapy was less than 3 weeks.The 3D-CRT was done for all the patients with the same techniques:30 Gy to the whole cranialspinal axis followed by a boost of 20-25 Gy to the posterior fossa,witha median fraction dose of 180 cGy.Chemotherapy was given according to the protocol which consisted of lomustine,cisplatinum and vincristine after radiotherapy,but the patients were not given intrathecal chemotherapy.Blood counts and chemistries and renal and hepatic evaluations were performed regularly before every course.Results:5-year OS and 5-year event free survival(EFS) were 71% and 62% respectively.The mean follow-up was 36.5 months.The 5-year OS of the high risk group and low risk group were 88.9% and 50.0% respectively.There was significant difference between them(P=0.01).13 patients were failures.Of all failure patients,3 had recurrence in the region of the cribriform plate.The complete remission was 70.5%,and the partial remission was 14%.If metastases were found before surgery,the 5-year OS was 12.5%(1/8),and if the residual tumor was more than 1.5 cm3,the 5-year OS was 0%(0/5).Whether or not the metastases were found before surgery,and the presence of residual tumor,both had significant impacts on the prognosis of the children with medulloblastoma(P

The concept, connotation and extension of "similar-indication acupoints" which is proposed by Professor WANG Fuchun are introduced in this paper. It is noted that "similar-indication acupoints" is one category of acupoints that hass similar effects for one symptom or disease, which is the basic element for acupoints compatibility, while acupoint compatibility is the foundation of acupuncture acupoints prescription. The proposal and application of "similar-indication acupoints" has provided a new method for the transition from specificity study to generality study, also lay a solid theoretical foundation for acupoints compatibility search.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, a ligand-gated ion c hannels,mediates many important physiological processes. Chronic nicotine admini stration could desensitize nicotinic receptors. Many factors which modulate dese nsitization have been described, including different subunits, agonist, signal t ransduction and cellular microenivornment. The important physiological functions of desensitized receptors still remain controversial, may be modulate synaptic transmission,synapse plasticity and mediate self-protection.

Objective To discuss the effect of 5-Aza-CdR on pancreatic carcinoma Capan-2 cell proliferation and PCDH8 gene expression.Methods Pancreatic carcinoma Capan-2 cells were treated with different doses of 5-Aza-CdR with or without gemcitabine,negative control group without drug,0.08μmol/L group with 0.08μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR,0.40 μmol/L group with 0.40 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR,2.00 μmol/L group with 2.00 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR,10 μmol/L group with 10 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR,50 μmol/L group with 50 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR. The inhibition ratio of Capan-2 cell proliferation were observed by MTT assay and PCDH8 gene and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The inhibition ratio was increased with 5-Aza-CdR dose increasing(P<0.01),but decreased apparently with times extending(P<0.01). Inhibition ratio in 5-Aza-CdR and gemcitabine group was higher than those with only 5-Aza-CdR or gemcitabine groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The levels of PCDH8 gene and protein expression were increased significantly in 5-Aza-CdR treatment groups,with dose dependent (P <0.01 ).Conclusion 5-Aza-CdR can inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma Capan-2 cell proliferation,and increase PCDH8 gene expression. The inhibition effect is strong when combined with gemcitabine.

BACKGROUND:The blood loss and the need of blood transfusion after bilateral total knee arthroplasty are very high. Therefore, the use of medicine such as tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty is overheated in recent years. Tranexamic acid has been proved to be able to decrease the blood loss after total knee arthroplasty, while the study of its use in bilateral total knee arthroplasty is seldom. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect and safety of tranexamic acid on perioperative blood loss and the change of hemoglobin in patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: We selected 69 patients who received bilateral total knee arthroplasty and divided them into two different groups randomly. The patients in the experimental group were given 1 g of tranexamie acid dissolved in 100 mL of 5% glucose solution through intravenous infusion. Those in control group were only given 5% glucose solution 100 mL. Total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, the hidden blood loss, amount of postoperative drainage, the ratio of blood transfusion, hemoglobin, D-dimer, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were studied and compared between the two groups. We also observed the incidence of thrombotic events between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The blood loss of the experimental group was significantly lower compared to the control group (t=2.194-2.908,P < 0.05). The blood transfusion rate of experimental group was significantly lower compared to the control group (χ2=5.219,P=0.022). The hemoglobin of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 3 and 5 days after replacement (t=-3.481, 2.319,P < 0.05). No significant difference in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time was detectable between the two groups before and after replacement (P > 0.05). Thrombotic events were not visible in both groups. Venous ultrasonography in the lower extremity did not reveal deep venous thrombosis. Above results suggest that tranexamic acid can significantly reduce intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty, decreases the requirement of blood transfusion and the dynamic change of hemoglobin, and does not increase the risk of thrombosis.

BACKGROUND:At present, there are few reports about construction of the model of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury. Construction of a stable high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury model has become a premise of the current studies on acute stress-induced gastrointestinal injury and related diseases. OBJECTIVE: To establish rat models of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS:Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control (lower limit of high altitude) , sham (high altitude) and ischemia/reperfusion (high altitude) groups (n=8 rats/group). Rats from al groups underwent a rush for high altitude region. The root of the superior mesenteric artery of rats in the ischemia/reperfusion group was clamped by a vascular clip to completely block blood flow for 60 minutes, and then intestinal blood flow was recovered for reperfusion for 60 minutes. The rats in the sham group were only 

Background and purpose:The development of breast cancer is a multi-step process associated with changes in host chromosome,and some of which correlate with the appearance and progression of the tumor. We studied the expression of BUBl,APC protein in normal breast,hyperplasia of mammary glands and breast cancer tissues and evaluated its difference and clinical significance. Methods:The inmmunohistochemical method was used to analyze the expression of BUB1 and APC protein in normal breast,hyperplasia of mammary glands and breast cancer tissues. Results:The positive rate of BUB1 protein expression in normal,hyperplasia of mammary glands and breast cancer tissues was 86.7%,80.0% and46.0%,respectively.There were signifi cant differences among the three breast tissues(P