The worldwide situation of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) being released into environment was presented in the present review. The studies on impacts of GEMs on environments were introduced. The regulations of biosafety and application of GEMs were briefly addressed.

ObjectiveFrom the view of the frequence of codes applying,investigate the situation of the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification of Beijing and to support the further development and application.MethodsFigure out the difference of the frequence of codes between before and post application of coding on clinical modification,to compare and make analysis for them.Results Got lists of percentage periods frequence of codes on classification of disease calculated from all secondary and above level hospitals in Beijing in the year of 2006,2007 and 2008.Conclusionthe Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification of Beijing is well compatible with WHO ICD-10 on the level of applicable codes set; the refine work is effective and balance for codes applying; the localization should be done first before applying ICD-10.

Objective To explore the effect of the family-centered prenatal maternal health education on delivery modes and breastfeeding.Methods Two hundred and thirty pregnant women who accepted prenatal maternal health education were divided into the observation group and the control group according to whether their families involved in the prenatal education.There were 108 cases in the observation group and 122 in the control group.The observation group was given prenatal health education involving the pregnant women and their caregivers or their husbands.The control group was given prenatal health education according to the previously-designed course without presence of their families.The two groups were compared in delivery mode,extent of pain during production and breast feeding.Results The rates of vaginal delivery and the breast feeding at discharge in the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05 for both).The rate of breast swelling in 72 hours was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Family-centered prenatal maternmal health education is good for the natural birth rate,improvement of breastfeeding rate and reduction the breast swelling.

Objective To investigate the present situation of the combination of antimicrobial drugs and to improve the rationality of antimicrobial medication.Methods Choose 1734 prescription of antimicrobial from February 2015 to May 2016 in our hospital outpatient service and emergency departments, combined with pharmacology, clinical medication instructions and drug instruction,the prescriptions were analyzed statistically,and the name of antimicrobials, combination mode, type, period of treatment, rationality and other aspects of the situation were studied.Results The total prescription of antibiotics was 45.44%, and the combination of antimicrobial drugs was 76.65 %, with the combination form of the dosage form and the injection machine with a maximum of 41.72%.Oral dosage form and oral dosage form combined drug 21.19%.The proportion of combined penicillin was 43.54 percent, followed by the cephalospora 27.81%.The rational compatibility prescription 86.92%, the prescription compatibility is unreasonable 13.08%.In the unreasonable preparation of the prescription, the majority of the formulations for pharmacodynamics were 82.28%.Conclusion The current use of antibiotics in our hospital gradually become standardized, in the process of clinical treatment, to understanded and master the drug combination medication indications, can significantly improve the treatment effect, to avoid the occurrence of adverse reaction phenomenon, the use of drug safety is effectively guaranteed.

Objective To evaluate the significance of IgM treponema pallidum specific antibody in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.Methods By using Western bloting(WB),tolulized red unheated serum test(TRUST),treponema pallidum particle agglutination(TPPA) and treponema pallidum (TP),we examined and analyzed 21 cases of first-stage syphilis, 8 cases of second-stage syphilis, 4 cases of latent syphilis, 3 cases of new born infants suspected with congenital syphilis, 7 cases of syphilis formally treated for 18 months and 5 cases of healthy control groups.Results The positive rates of IgM, TRUST, TPPA and TP in first-stage syphilis cases were 100.0%, 42.9%, 57.1% and 66.7% respectively. The positive rates of IgM, TRUST and TPPA in second-stage syphilis, latent syphilis and congenital syphilis were all 100.0%.The positive rates in syphilis cases received 18 months treatment were 0%(IgM), 28.6%(TRUST) and 100.0%(TPPA). The IgM,TRUST and TPPA in control groups were all negative.Conclusion The specific antibody of IgM treponema pallidum has high sensitivity and specificity,and hence can be applied in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of preparing tretinoin liposome by calcium acetate gradient method and to compare this method with the microfilm and the antiphase evaporation method.METHODS:Tretinoin liposome was pre-pared by microfilm method,antiphase evaporation method and calcium acetate gradient method,respectively.Sephadex G-50was used for isolation and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was utilized to determine the entrapped efficiency and grain size of liposomal tretinoin.Electronmicroscope was applied to observe the shape of tretinoin liposome.RESULTS:The calcium ac-etate gradient technology achieved the highest entrapped efficiency of90.48%.The liposomes had perfect shape with the mean diameter of35.8nm and kept stable in quality at4℃for3months.CONCLUSION:The liposome with high entrapped effi-ciency could be prepared by calcium acetate gradient method,and the method is feasible.

Objective To investigate the effect of dysphagia screening and prospective interventional nursing in reducing the aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients.Methods 186 patients with acute stroke were randomly divided into control group and interventional group,93 cases in each group.The Watian drinking water test was used to screen dysphagia,and the routine nursing was used in the control group.The combined screening of Watian drinking water test and oxygen desaturation monitoring was used to screen dysphagia,and prospective intervention nursing in addition to the routine nursing was used in the interventional group.The detection rate of dysphagia and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in 4 weeks were compared between the two groups.Results The detection rate of dysphagia in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (41.9% vs 19.4%,χ2 =11.16,P <0.01),and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia was lower than that in the control group (12.9% vs 4.3%,χ2 =4.38,P <0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of dysphagia can be improved by using the combined screening of Watian drinking water test and oxygen desaturation monitoring.The incidence of aspiration pneumonia can be reduced by using combined screening with additional prospective interventional nursing.

By literature and network investigation,the paper sorts out development modes and typical practices of Internet medical treatment in China,sums up 6 kinds of modes existing domestically,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each mode.It is necessary to further probe into suitable operating modes and to give support on aspects of policies,laws and regulations and supervision,and provides reference for better promoting Internet medical treatment in different places.

Objective To explore the effect of interleukin-6 in diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma.Methods 35 cases with ovarian carcinoma were selected as study group,and 20 cases with ovarian benign and 15 normal women as control groups.The levels of IL-6 in serum were measured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The levels of IL-6 in serum in study group were significantly higher than those in control group(P

Objective: To explore the antagonism of selenium enriched Spirulina platensis(Se-SP) to hepatocirrhosis by enhancement of cell proliferation and selenoenzyme activity.Method: The male SD rat hepatocirrhosis model was induced by thioacetamide(TAA),and Se-SP was supplemented.Hepatic histological analysis was performed and relative content of collagen(RCC %) was estimated using IBAS 2000 system after Masson’s staining.Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),thioredoxin reductases(TR) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in hepatocyte as well as hyaluronic acid(HA) in serum were determined.Expression index of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in hepatocytes was detected by immu-nohistochemistry,and the level of synthesis of DNA in regenerative hepatocytes was analyzed by radio-immunity for incorporation of 3H-TDR.Results: Hepatocirrhosis was induced by TAA at 9w of the expeiment,and the obvious antagonism of Se-SP to hepatocirrhosis was obsewed after Se-SP supplementa-tion.12.5% rats of Se-Sp group were completely recovered at 15w of the experiment(6w after withdrawal of TAA).GSH-Px and TR activity in hepatocytes as well as PCNA and 3H-TDR incorporation rate in hepatocytes were obviously enhanced(P