The worldwide situation of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) being released into environment was presented in the present review. The studies on impacts of GEMs on environments were introduced. The regulations of biosafety and application of GEMs were briefly addressed.

Objective To study the effect of different negative pressure values of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) effect on skin graft .Methods Eighty patients were selected ,who underwent chronic wound bed and preparedto treat with skin graft in surgical ward of emergency department in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2012 to July 2012 .Eighty patients were divided into 8 groups ,group A were treated with packing pressure after skin graft ,group B~ H were treated with continuous NPWT ,pressures were -10 ,-20 ,-30 ,-40 ,-50 ,-60 and -70 kPa ,respectively .Whether they were in comfortable situation at second day after surgery were observed .Flap survival area at Seventh day after surgery was meas‐ured .Results The patient comfort ,flap survival area ,wound healing time of group B to H were higher than those of group A (P<0 .05) .Patient comfort tended to decrease with the increasing negative pressure values between -10 - -40 kPa(P<0 .05) .Flap survival area ,healing time of group B ,C were higher than those of group D to F(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Application of NPWT technology in wound ,-10 kPa negative pressure value can not only improve wound blood circulation ,but also ensure patient be comfortable .

A totel of 120 patients with CT or MRI proved as acute cerebral infarction group of anterior circulation and 90 non-infarction patients as the control group were studied. The diameter,inter median thickness( IMT) ,peak systolic velocity ( PSV ) , end diastolic velocity ( EDV ) , early shrinkage acceleration time ( AT ) , resistance index ( RI) ,and pulsatility index( PI) of carotid artery,and whether there was arteriosclerotic plaque or stenosis,and the properties of plaque were examined with color Doppler ultrasound. In acute cerebral infarction group of anterior cir-culation,the IMT was thicker that in the control group(P<0. 01). The incidence of the film thickness,moderate-se-vere stenosis and instable carotid artery plaque in infaiction group of anterior circulation were obviousely higher than those in the control group(P<0. 01). Arterial complete or incomplete occlusion was observed in severe cases. The blood flow parameters showed that the PSV and EDV of common carotid and internal carotid in acute cerebral in-farction group of anterior circulation were lowerer than those in the control group. RI and PI of internal carotid in a-cute cerebral infarction group of anterior circulation were higher than those in the control group(P<0. 05),while AT was lower than those in the control group.

The biological threat is an important component of national security threats .Developed countries attach great importance to biodefense capability building .This paper analyzed the particularity of biological threats , explained the necessi-ty of biosecurity strategic research and development in China , and proposed establishing an integrated biodefense system .

Objective To explore the effect of interleukin-6 in diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma.Methods 35 cases with ovarian carcinoma were selected as study group,and 20 cases with ovarian benign and 15 normal women as control groups.The levels of IL-6 in serum were measured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The levels of IL-6 in serum in study group were significantly higher than those in control group(P

Objective: To explore the antagonism of selenium enriched Spirulina platensis(Se-SP) to hepatocirrhosis by enhancement of cell proliferation and selenoenzyme activity.Method: The male SD rat hepatocirrhosis model was induced by thioacetamide(TAA),and Se-SP was supplemented.Hepatic histological analysis was performed and relative content of collagen(RCC %) was estimated using IBAS 2000 system after Masson’s staining.Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),thioredoxin reductases(TR) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in hepatocyte as well as hyaluronic acid(HA) in serum were determined.Expression index of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in hepatocytes was detected by immu-nohistochemistry,and the level of synthesis of DNA in regenerative hepatocytes was analyzed by radio-immunity for incorporation of 3H-TDR.Results: Hepatocirrhosis was induced by TAA at 9w of the expeiment,and the obvious antagonism of Se-SP to hepatocirrhosis was obsewed after Se-SP supplementa-tion.12.5% rats of Se-Sp group were completely recovered at 15w of the experiment(6w after withdrawal of TAA).GSH-Px and TR activity in hepatocytes as well as PCNA and 3H-TDR incorporation rate in hepatocytes were obviously enhanced(P

Background and purpose:To study the expression of PTEN and P53 and analyse their roles in HGC oncogenesis,and to discover a good marker for diagnosis and prognosis of HGC.Methods:The expression of PTEN mRNA,PTEN protein and P53 protein were detected by in situ hybridization(DNA-RNA) and immunohistochemistry(SP method) in 64 cases of HGC.We took 22 cases of gallbladder adenoma and 10 cases of chronic cholecystitis as controls.Results:① The positive expression rates of PTEN mRNA and protein in HGC(56.3%,59.4%) were significantly lower than that in gallbladder adenoma(81.8%,90.8%) and chronic cholecystitis(100%,100%)(P

ObjectiveFrom the view of the frequence of codes applying,investigate the situation of the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification of Beijing and to support the further development and application.MethodsFigure out the difference of the frequence of codes between before and post application of coding on clinical modification,to compare and make analysis for them.Results Got lists of percentage periods frequence of codes on classification of disease calculated from all secondary and above level hospitals in Beijing in the year of 2006,2007 and 2008.Conclusionthe Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification of Beijing is well compatible with WHO ICD-10 on the level of applicable codes set; the refine work is effective and balance for codes applying; the localization should be done first before applying ICD-10.

Objective To explore the effect of the family-centered prenatal maternal health education on delivery modes and breastfeeding.Methods Two hundred and thirty pregnant women who accepted prenatal maternal health education were divided into the observation group and the control group according to whether their families involved in the prenatal education.There were 108 cases in the observation group and 122 in the control group.The observation group was given prenatal health education involving the pregnant women and their caregivers or their husbands.The control group was given prenatal health education according to the previously-designed course without presence of their families.The two groups were compared in delivery mode,extent of pain during production and breast feeding.Results The rates of vaginal delivery and the breast feeding at discharge in the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05 for both).The rate of breast swelling in 72 hours was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Family-centered prenatal maternmal health education is good for the natural birth rate,improvement of breastfeeding rate and reduction the breast swelling.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effective differences between shallow needling and medication for the sleep disorder of schizophrenia.

METHODSNinety-six patients with the sleep disorder of schizophrenia were randomly divided into a shallow needling group and a medication group, 48 cases in each one (one case dropping in the shallow needling group and two cases dropping in the medication group). The same dose paliperidone tablets were adopted in the two groups. In the shallow needling group, the main acupoints were Baihui (GV 20), Shangenxue (Extra) and Ezhongxian (MS 1), and the acupoints based on syndrome differentiation were selected. The shallow needling manipulation was used once a day, 5 times a week. In the medication group, 3 mg eszopiclone tablets were prescribed orally before sleep once every night. The patients were treated for 6 weeks in the two groups. Sleep condition was evaluated by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy and the adverse reaction were assessed by positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) and treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) before and after 2-week, 4-week and 6-week treatment. The clinical effects between the two groups were compared.

RESULTSAfter treatment in the two groups, both the total scores and the each factor score of the PSQI and the PANSS were apparently decreased (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). As for the PSQI scale, after treatment the daytime dysfunctional score of the shallow needling group was reduced more obviously than that of the medication group (P<0. 05), and the falling asleep time in the medication group was declined more markedly compared with that in the shallow needling group (P<0. 05). Regarding the PANSS, the improvement of the pathological factor in the shallow needling group was better than that in the medication group after treatment (P<0. 05), and the improvement of the positive factor in the medication group was superior to that in the shallow needling group after treatment (P<0. 05). The total scores and each factor score of the PSQI and the PANSS were not statistically different between the two groups after treatment (P>0. 05). At the end of the 6th week, the curative and effective rate was 63. 9% (30/47) and the total effective rate was 95. 8% (45/47) in the shallow needling group;the curative and effective rate was 58. 7% (27/46) and the total effective rate was 91. 3% (42/46) in the medication group. The difference of the effect was not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0. 05). The scores of TESS in the shallow needling group were lower than those in the medication group (P<0. 01, P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect of shallow needling for assisting the sleeping disorder of schizophrenia is reliable and it is similar with the efficacy of eszopiclone. Also, the shallow needling can improve the daytime dysfunction and the pathological factor apparently without adverse reaction and pain. Its safety is obviously better than that of eszopiclone.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia ; complications ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult