OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics and its diagnosis and treatment of the parotid gland tumor in children.METHODS The clinical data of 77 children with parotid gland tumor treated in Department of Head and Neck,Tianjin Cancer Hospital affiliated Tianjin Medical University from Dec.1985 to Dec.2007 were retrospectively studied.RESULTS Among the 77 cases,51 cases were benign tumor(66.2%),26 cases were malignant tumor(33.8%).Among the benign cases,hemangioma and lymphangioma were the most common diseases,which accounted for 37.3%(19/51).Mucoepidermoid carcinoma(34.6%, 9/26) was the most common malignancy.Sixty seven cases were treated surgically.Among 18 cases of the epithelial malignant tumors,7 cases treated combined with postoperative radiotherapy.During the period of following-up from 1 to 17 years,1 case of pleomorphic adenoma,1 case of malignant myoepithelioma and 1 case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma recurred. CONCLUSION The clinical and pathological features of parotid gland tumors in children were different from those in adults.The hemangioma,lymphangioma and teratoma are rare in adults but common in children.Half of the solid tumors of parotid gland in children are malignant,but only 23.7%in adults. The primary radical operation has great value to the prognosis of children parotid tumor.Although postoperative radiotherapy can reduce the risk of recurrence,oncogenesis in thyroid gland and the adverse effect on the orofacial development of radiotherapy in children need investigated clinically in future.

Objective:In the performance appraisal of public hospitals,the lack of detailed degree of personalized appraisal,inadequate attention of hospital leaderships and unreasonable performance appraisal indexes were analyzed to provide measurement.Methods:Using the equity theory to conduct specific analysis on the problem.Results:To promote the stable and sustainable development of public hospitals,it mobilized the enthusiasm,initiative and creativity of the employees.Conclusion:It needed to create more economic and social benefits and enhance the core competitiveness of the hospital.

Hydatid disease does seriously harm to human and livestock ,and causes huge economic losses to the livestock in‐dustry .Despite the fact that people have made some success in prevention and control of animal hydatid disease after making great efforts during the past few decades ,however ,there still remain many problems and challenges .In order to facilitate the research in animal hydatid disease in China ,here we reviewed the problems and challenges in the prevention and control of this disease and put forward several proposals on the treatment and management of dogs ,immunization ,diagnose ,surveillance , etc .

The article clarified, according to the recent research results which have been done in Poyang Lake region of Jiangxi province, bovines are the most important animal hosts of Schistosoma japonicum and infected bovines are main infectious sources of Schistosomiasis in Poyang Lake region. Spring (March to June) is the " cross transmission stage" between definitive host and intermediate host, that is, spring is not only the susceptible season of infection for livestock and human, but also is the susceptible season of infection for snails. In flood season (July to August), the transmission of Schistosomiasis between livestock and snails belong to " low level phase" . Autumn (September to Octber) is the second seasonal peak of cercariae and is the susceptible season of infection for livestock and human. Winter(November to Feburary in next year) is the non- susceptible season of infection. Most of the susceptible zones of infection for livestock, human and snails are the marshlands near the endemic villages.

Since the 1990s, studies on intemet addiction and mobile phone addiction have been concerned.Of which, internet addiction refers to internet surfing via personal computers, and mobile phone addiction is usually set within the phone calls and sending short message.In recent years, the time and frequency people using mobile phones have been increasing rapidly with the popularity of smart phone and the development of mobile Internet.Some severe cases show an excessive use of mobile phone, even dependent or addictive symptoms.These results in a variety of physical, psychological and social problems of the individuals.However, today's mobile phone dependence or addiction is beyond the scope of calling and texting, but more on the use of the network function.So it needs to redefine this behavior addiction and its criteria by combining both internet addiction and cell phone addiction.It is named as mobile internet addiction.The definition would help to study the mechanism of the development of mobile internet addiction, and provide theoretical foundations for developing effective intervention strategies.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against interleukin (IL)-17-induced injury to keratinocytes,and to explore its mechanism.Methods Some cultured HaCaT cells were divided into 3 groups to be treated with IL-17 alone at concentrations of 50,70,90 μg/L,respectively,with those receiving no treatment as the blank control group.Some HaCaT cells were divided into 5 groups:IL-17 group treated with 90 μg/L IL-17 alone,IL-17 + EGCG group treated with 90 μg/L IL-17 and 60 μmol/L EGCG,IL-17 + SP600125 group treated with 90 μg/L IL-17 and SP600125 (a JAK signaling pathway inhibitor),IL-17+ EGCG + anisomycin group treated with 90μg/L IL-17,60xmol/L EGCG and anisomycin (a Janus kinase signaling pathway activator),and blank control group receiving no treatment.After different durations of treatment,CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity,flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure expression levels of IL-6,IL-23 and IL-8,and Western-blot analysis to determine protein expressions of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphorylated JNK (P-JNK).Results IL-17 promoted cellular proliferation of HaCaT cells,and the proliferation rate,which was correlated with the concentration of IL-17,reached the maximum in the 90-μg/L IL-17 group (P ＜ 0.05).EGCG at 60 μmol/L significantly inhibited cellular proliferation of,promoted apoptosis in,and reduced IL-6,IL-23 and IL-8 expressions in,HaCaT cells induced by 90 μg/L IL-17 (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the IL-17 group,the IL-17 + EGCG group and IL-17 + SP600125 group both showed significantly decreased P-JNK expression,cell proliferation rate and IL-6,IL-23 and IL-8 expression levels (all P ＜ 0.05).However,compared with the IL-17 + EGCG group,the IL-17 + EGCG + anisomycin group showed significantly increased protein expression of P-JNK,cell proliferation rate and IL-6,IL-23 and IL-8 expression levels (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EGCG protected against IL-17-induced injury to HaCaT cells,such as abnormal cell proliferation,apoptosis and inflammatory response,likely by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the CT and MRI performances of primary extragonadal seminoma .Methods The imaging find‐ings of primary extragonadal seminoma in 16 patients proved by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively .The tumor location , size ,contour ,periphery ,density or signal and contrast enhancement patterns were evaluated ,and these were compared with the pathological results .Results The lesions in 16 patients were solitary including the ovoid lesions in 6 and lobulated ones in 10 .They were located in intracranial area in 10 patients ,anterior middle mediastinum in 4 and abdomen in 2 .Mean size of the tumors was(7 .0 ± 5 .6) cm (ranging from 1 .3 cm to 18 .6 cm) .Unenhanced CT in 13 patients showed the soft tissue masses with necrosis in 8 ,stip‐pled calcification in 2 and hemorrhage in 2 .Enhanced CT in 6 patients showed homogeneity in 2 and heterogeneity in 4 ,and the de‐grees of enhancement increased gradually .The plain and enhanced MRI in 10 patients showed iso‐or slight hypointensity on T1WI and slight hyperintensity on T2 WI in 8 lesions ,heterogeneous enhancement in 7 and slight enhancement in one ,peripheral enhance‐ment in 2 due to central hemorrhage .Pathology showed most of the lesions were well‐vascularized with inner cystic change .Tumor stroma was divided by the fibrovascular tissue .Conclusion The imaging findings of primary extragonadal seminoma are not specific , CT ,MRI can demonstrate the invasive extent accurately .

Objective To investigate the application value of multifunctional dynamic flat panel X-ray detector in intravenous pyelography.Methods Total 540 patients with intravenous pyelography were divided into multifunctional dynamic flat panel X-ray detector group (300 cases) and conventional flat panel X-ray detector group (240 cases) by random digits table method.Image quality,radiation dosage and examination time were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups in image quality (P ＞ 0.05).The examination time and radiation dosage was (25.5 ± 8.2) min and (12.5 ± 6.8) mAs respectively in multifunctional dynamic flat panel X-ray detector group and (39.2 ± 12.1) min and (23.6 ± 7.6) mAs in conventional flat panel X-ray detector group.The differences had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Multifunctional dynamic flat panel X-ray detector in intravenous pyelography can provide lower radiation dose,shorter examination time and higher image quality.It has obvious advantages in urography.

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin calcium combined with sitagliptin phosphate on β2-microglobulin (β2-MG ) in peripheral blood and serum uric acid ( UA) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods A total of 78 patients with type 2 diabetes in endocrinology department from Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital were collected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, with 39 cases in each group.The two groups of patients were treated by conventional treatment, life intervention, the control group were treated by metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablet and sitagliptin phosphate, the experimental group were treated on the basis of control group with atorvastatin calcium.Both groups were treated for 3 cycles, one cycle for 7 days.The clinical curative effect,β2-MG in peripheral blood and urine, serum UA levels and adverse reactions were compared between two groups after treatment.Results After treatment, compared with control group, the clinical total effective rate in experimental group was higher (P<0.05).The serum IgG,β2-MG, urineβ2-MG and UAlb, serum UA levels were lower in two groups post-treatment compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05).Compared with control group, serum IgG, β2-MG, urine β2-MG and UAlb, serum UA levels were lower (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between two groups.Conclusion The atorvastatin calcium combined with sitagliptin phosphate has a significant efficacy in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes, it could down-regulate β2-MG in peripheral blood and urine and serum UA levels, improve immunity and prevent patients from cardiovascular complications.