In this study, the effect of moderate endurance training on muscle morphological properties of human thigh muscles and isokinetic strength was examined. Five sedentary females carried out a training program of 30 min./day, 3 times a week for a ten-week period. The load requirement was set to 60% of maximal aerobic capacity (Vo₂max) of the subjects. In the determination of muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) by MRI, longitudinal sections were first imaged, and ten axial images along the length of femur were taken before and after the endurance training. Muscle CSA and mus-cle volume of knee extensors (KE), flexors (KF), and adductors (AD) were calculated, using the ten axial images. Vo₂max was significantly increased after endurance training (14.6%, p<0.01) . Muscle CSA in KE was significantly increased at the ten levels of femur length. There were also significant increases at seven levels of femur length after endurance training in KF (p<0.05, and 0.01) . Percentage increase of msucle CSA in KE and KF were 10.9 to 16.5% and 7.7 to 15.8%, respectively. Although the muscle volume of KE, KF, and AD was significantly increased, no change in fat volume was observed after endurance training. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and peak torque per unit of muscle CSA at three angular velocities (30, 180, and 300 deg/sec) didn't show significant changes. These results suggest that muscle hypertrophy induced by moderate endurance training has no effect on muscle strength.

In this study, the effect of moderate endurance training on muscle morphological properties of human thigh muscles and isokinetic strength was examined. Five sedentary females carried out a training program of 30 min./day, 3 times a week for a ten-week period. The load requirement was set to 60% of maximal aerobic capacity (Vo₂max) of the subjects. In the determination of muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) by MRI, longitudinal sections were first imaged, and ten axial images along the length of femur were taken before and after the endurance training. Muscle CSA and mus-cle volume of knee extensors (KE), flexors (KF), and adductors (AD) were calculated, using the ten axial images. Vo₂max was significantly increased after endurance training (14.6%, p<0.01) . Muscle CSA in KE was significantly increased at the ten levels of femur length. There were also significant increases at seven levels of femur length after endurance training in KF (p<0.05, and 0.01) . Percentage increase of msucle CSA in KE and KF were 10.9 to 16.5% and 7.7 to 15.8%, respectively. Although the muscle volume of KE, KF, and AD was significantly increased, no change in fat volume was observed after endurance training. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and peak torque per unit of muscle CSA at three angular velocities (30, 180, and 300 deg/sec) didn't show significant changes. These results suggest that muscle hypertrophy induced by moderate endurance training has no effect on muscle strength.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to investigate the diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in PET/computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of spinal metastatic lesions. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Recent studies described limitations regarding how many lesions with abnormal 18F-FDG PET findings in the bone show corresponding morphologic abnormalities. METHODS: The subjects for this retrospective study were 227 patients with primary malignant tumors, who were suspected of having spinal metastases. They underwent combined whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning for evaluation of known neoplasms in the whole spine. 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan was performed within 2 weeks following PET/CT examinations. The final diagnosis of spinal metastasis was established by histopathological examination regarding bone biopsy or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and follow-up MRI, CT and 18F-FDG PET for extensively wide lesions with subsequent progression. RESULTS: From a total of 504 spinal lesions in 227 patients, 224 lesions showed discordant image findings. For 122 metastatic lesions with confirmed diagnosis, the sensitivity/specificity of bone scan and FDG PET were 84%/21% and 89%/76%, respectively. In 102 true-positive metastatic lesions, the bone scan depicted predominantly osteosclerotic changes in 36% and osteolytic changes in 19%. In 109 true-positive lesions of FDG PET, osteolytic changes were depicted predominantly in 38% while osteosclerotic changes were portrayed in 15%. CONCLUSIONS: 18F-FDG PET in PET/CT could be used as a substitute for bone scan in the evaluation of spinal metastasis, especially for patients with spinal osteolytic lesions on CT.
Biopsy ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate