Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation in intervening early-stage swelling limb after breast cancer operation.Method A hundred patients undergone radical mastectomy for breast cancer were divided into a treatment group and a control group, 50 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by ordinary post-operative nursing, while the treatment group was additionally given transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation. By measuring the circumference of both upper arms, the incidence rate and degree of swelling arm in 2 weeks after operation were compared, meanwhile, the accompanied symptoms such as tightness of skin, pain in upper limb, numbness in upper limb, and heaviness of upper limb were observed.Result The occurrence rate of abnormal upper-limb sensations was 22.0% in the treatment group versus 84.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The occurrence rate of upper-limb swelling was 4.0% in the treatment group, versus 24.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation can effectively prevent and release the early-stage upper-limb swelling after breast cancer surgery.

Objective:To evaluate quality of clinical trials about acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyrodism in China. Methods:Literature of clinical trials of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism were attained by computer and manual retrieval,and randomization,control,selection of study objects,comparability between groups,amount of samples, description and control of source of samples,criteria for diagnosis,application of blind method,criteria for assessment of therapeutic effects,statistical method,adverse effects,follow-up,and others in the literature were analyzed and evaluated by the randomized controlled test criteria and the clinical assessing method in Cochrane handbook of international Cochrane cooperation net.Results:In 63 papers,clinical randomized controlled tests of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism only accounted for 22.2%,but with increasing tend year by year in recent years.Conclusion:Though acupuncture and moxibustion have been widely applied in prevention and treatment of hyperthyroidism,it could not provide evidences of higher reliability for clinical treatment due to less clinical randomized controlled tests and lower quality,which severely hinder testing and verifying of clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion.It is proposed that multiple central and randomized controlled test should be made,so as to search for feasible acupuncture and moxibustion methods with definite therapeutic effect for hyperthyroidism,and provide basis for further systematical evaluation of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Objective To investigate the value of application of stent in the treatment of colorectal malignant obstruction.Methods A total of 28 cases with colorectal malignant obstruction were treated with stents in endoscopic joint X line temporarily or palliatively in the Yanhua Hospital of Beijing from May 2007 to June 2013.Intestinal obstruction ease conditions and complications were observed.Results Twenty-eight cases received with stent,and only 1 case failed.Twenty-one patients,who showed the relief of obstructive symptoms,were performed one-stage operation after 7 to 10 d.The patients recovered very well without stents shifting and intestinal perforation.Conclusion The stent treatment by endoscopic on colorectal malignant obstruction is a temporary or palliative treatment which can avoid the colostomy and improve the quality of life.It is a safe and reliable method which is worthy to be popularized.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical effects and safety of sequential therapy of Ginkgo biloba extract preparation for elderly acute cerebral infarction,and to evaluate its pharmacoeconomics. METHODS:Totally 98 patients with acute cerebral infarc-tion selected from neurology department of our hospital during Aug. 2014-Aug. 2015 were divided into control group and test group according to random number table,with 49 cases in each group. Both groups received routine therapy of antiplatelet aggregation, microcirculation improvement. Control group was additionally given Shuxuening injection 10 mL,ivgtt,qd,for consecutive 21 d. Test group was additionally given Shuxuening injection 10 mL,ivgtt,qd,for 7-10 d;and then given G. biloba tablet instead,1 tablet,po ,tid,for 21 d in total. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were compared as well as ESS score,ADL score,blood flow in-dexes and blood lipid indexes before and after treatment,and adverse drug reaction. Cost-minimization analysis was used for phar-macoeconomic evaluation. RESULTS:After treatment,total response rate of control group and test groups were 87.23% and 83.33%,without statistical significance (P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in ESS score,ADL score,blood flow indexes and blood lipid indexes between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,ESS score and ADL score of 2 groups were increased significantly,and whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,hematocrit,fibrinogen content,TC and TG were decreased significantly;there was statistical significance with before treatment(P<0.05);there was no statistical significance be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). The average cost of control group and test group were (7060.9 ± 234.8) yuan and (5800.7 ± 149.5) yuan,with statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The sequential therapy of G. biloba extract preparation is similar to intravenous dirpping in the treatment of elderly acute cerebral infarction in therapeutic efficacy and safety. The sequential therapy is better in economics field.

As nanomedicines are developing fast in both academic and market areas, building up suitable methods for nanomedicine analysis with proper techniques is an important subject, requiring further research. The techniques, which could be employed for grain size analysis of nanomedicines, were reviewed. Several key techniques were discussed with their principles, scope of applications, advantages and defects. Their applications to nanomedine analysis were discussed according to the properties of different nanomedicines, with the purpose of providing some suggestions for the control and administration of nanomedicines.

BACKGROUND:Thoracolumbar fracture becomes more in the clinic. The fixation manner of thoracolumbar fracture is controversial. Injured vertebra pedicle screw fixation or traditional cross-segment pedicle screw fixation are controversial and lack the support of evidence-based medicine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of injured vertebra pedicle screw and cross-segment pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS: According to Cochrane system evaluation, the folowing databases were retrieved: National Library of Medicine database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database and VIP database. Conference proceedings were searched by hand. The retrieval time ranged from 2005 to March 2015. Randomized controled trials were colected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Cochrane Colaboration Revman 4.2. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By screening, a total of 14 clinical controled trials were selected, including 956 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that postoperative Cobb angle was improved significantly in the vertebral pedicle screw group than in the cross-segment pedicle screw fixation group (OR=-2.72, 95%CI:-3.08--2.35,P < 0.01). Correction rate of the vertebral height was higher in the vertebral pedicle screw group than in the cross-segment pedicle screw fixation group (OR=7.45, 95%CI:6.94-7.97,P < 0.01). The failure rate was lower in the vertebral pedicle screw group than in the cross-segment pedicle screw fixation group (OR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.05- 0.27,P < 0.01). Results verify that postoperative Cobb angle improved significantly after the injured vertebrae pedicle screw and cross-segment pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures. The height was obviously corrected and fewer complications were caused such as implant failure. The fixation effect was good.

Objective To investigate the clinical value in changes of serum glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) ,islet cell antibodies(ICA) ,insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and renal function in elderly type 2 diabetic patients .Methods 122 cases of endocrine inpatient in our hospital had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were chosen from January 2012 to December 2012 .They were divided into islet autoimmunity antibody positive group (n=21) and islet autoimmunity antibody negative group (n=101) according to the antibody test results ,Fasting C-peptide(FCP) ,2-hour postprandial C-peptide(2 h CP) ,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) ,high-sensitivity-CRP(hs-CRP) and renal function[urea (UREA) ,creatinine (Cr) ,microalbuminuria(urinary mALB) ,urinary β2-microglobulin (urinary β2-MG)]were detected .Test results were statistically analyzed and compared .Results At least one Islet autoimmune antibodies were found in 21 cases of 122 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes .The positive rate was 17 .21% .GAD-Ab was detected positive in 14 cases(11 .47% ) ,ICA was detected positive in 10 ca-ses(8 .19% ) ,IAA was detected positive in 1 case(0 .82% ) ,Two antibodies were detected positive together in 4 patients(3 .27% ) , Three antibodies were not detected positive together .The levels of hs-CRP ,UREA and Cr in Islet autoantibodies positive group were higher then in islet autoimmunity antibody negative group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The levels of FCP ,2 h CP ,HbA1c ,urinary mALB and urinary β2-MG in both group ,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) . Conclusion Chronic inflammation and the appearance of islet autoantibodies are closely related to the damage of islet cell function . It has a higher value in monitoring complications and efficacy through understanding islet autoantibodies ,inflammation and changes in renal function in elderly type 2 diabetes .

Objective To confirm the main pathway of chemokine-chemokine receptor which mediates the accumulation of regulatory T cell ( Treg) in pancreatic cancer .Methods The concentrations of protein of FOXP3 and chemokines of CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL8 in human and mouse pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal pancreatic tissue were measured by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The receptor of chemokine CCL5 (CCR5) in human and mouse pancreatic cancer were determined by the immunofluorescent stain .Results The concentration of FOXP 3 protein in human pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal pancreatic tissue as (487.5 ±534.1) and (162.6 ±42.0) pg/mg, respectively, while they were (84.6 ±54.1) and (14.4 ±7.6) pg/mg, respectively in mouse.The concentration of FOXP3 protein were significantly higher in pancreatic cancer than those in adjacent normal pancreatic tissue .The concentration of CCL2 in human pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal pancreatic tissue as (76.9 ±37.5), (40.8 ±25.5) pg/mg, and the concentration of CCL3 as (38.0 ±22.6), (21.3 ±16.5) pg/mg, and the concentration of CCL5 were (390.2 ±158.5), (59.1 ±22.8) pg/mg, and the concentration of CCL17 as (7.2 ±2.0), (4.1 ±2.4)pg/mg, and the concentration of CXCL8 as (9.3 ±5.5), (6.3 ±5.2)pg/mg.The concentration of CCL2, CCL5, CCL17 in pancreatic cancer was significantly higher than those in adjacent normal pancreatic tissue (P<0.05).The concentration of CCL2 in mouse pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal pancreatic tissue as (77.9 ±30.5), (43.6 ±16.6) pg/mg, and the concentration of CCL3 was (27.4 ±18.2), (14.0 ±4.5)pg/mg, and the concentration of CCL5 was (302.2 ±55.8), (64.5 ±30.3) pg/mg; and the concentration of CCL17 was (4.4 ±1.4), (2.2 ±1.0)pg/mg;and the concentration of CXCL8 was (55.1 ± 55.1), ( 93.4 ±7.3 ) pg/mg.The concentration of CCL2, CCL5, CCL17 in pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal pancreatic tissue , and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The level of FOXP3 in pancreatic cancer was positively correlated with the concentration of chemokine CCL 5 both in human and mouse pancreatic cancer .Immunofluorescent staining indicated that the FOXP3 +cells also expressed CCR5.Conclusions The CCL5-CCR5 is the main chemokine-chemokine receptor pathway mediating the accumulation of Treg cells in pancreatic cancer .

Objective To investigate the effect of all-in-one nursing intervention on esophageal carcinoma patients with bad emotion and immune function. Methods From the October, 2012 to the October, 2013, 102 patients with radical operation of esophageal carcinoma were divided into all-in-one nursing intervention group (research group, 52cases) and routine nursing group (control group, 50 cases) according to the random number table method.Two groups of patients were evaluated before and after operation of anxiety and depression emotion scores, with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) .At the same time, two groups of patients were detected the stress and immune index before and after the operation. Results Before operation, two groups of patients with anxiety, depression, stress reaction and immune index were not significantly different (P>0.05).After operation, the study group patients with anxiety and depression scores were significantly lower than those in the control group [(34.6+6.7) points vs. (44.8+7.5) points, (33.7+6.9) points vs. (40.6+7.3) points], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 7.234, 4.902, P<0.05). Eighth days after operation, patients in the control group FBG, CRP and Cor levels were significantly higher in the study group [(6.98±1.12)mmol/L vs.(6.09±0.85)mmol/L,(18.11±5.93) mg/L vs.(9.24±3.22)mg/L,(293.98±69.09)nmol/L vs.(221.97±67.94)nmol/L],the difference was statistically significant (t values were 4.532, 9.336, 5.307, P<0.05). Eighth days after operation, two groups of patients with IgA, IgM were higher than first days after operation [(2.41±0.46)g/L vs.(1.89±0.56)g/L,(2.51±0.58) g/L vs.(1.35±0.67)g/L and (2.36±0.53)g/L vs.(1.82±0.46)g/L, (2.34±0.62)g/L vs. (1.37±0.64) g/L], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 5.174, 9.439, 5.549, 7.850, P<0.05).The total number of patients blood lymphocytes (LYM) and cytokines (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) were significantly higher than the control group [(2.87±0.65)×109/L vs.(1.98±0.58)×109/L, 0.62±0.10 vs. 0.57±0.07, 0.41±0.08 vs. 0.35 ±0.08, 0.24 ±0.04 vs. 0.26 ±0.05, 2.06 ±0.44 vs. 1.65 ±0.46], the difference was statistically significant (t values were 7.286, 2.915, 6.942, 2.225, 4.601, P<0.05). Conclusion All-in-one nursing intervention can significantly improve the anxiety and depression in patients with esophageal cancer in bad mood, enhance the immune function of patients, conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers of population in hospital and to provide the basis for prevention and control of virus B hepatitis .Methods 11 210 people in hospital who had accepted HBV serological testing were enrolled ,and were divided into >0 -25-year old group(n=3 553) and >25 -50-year old group(n=7 651) according to their ages .Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) and Roche Cobas E601 Automatic Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer were employed to detect serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg ) ,anti-HBV surface anti-body(HBsAb) ,HBV e antigen(HBeAg) ,anti-HBV e antibody(HBeAb) and anti-HBV core antibody(HBcAb) .Results HBsAg positive rates of subjects in > 0 -25-year old group and > 25 -50-year old group were 16 .16% and 21 .19% ,respectively .The overall positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb and full-negative rate were 19 .59% (2 195/11 204) ,37 .02% (4 148/11 204) and 11 .84% (1 327/11 204) ,respectively .Conclusion Distribution characteristics of HBV markers of population in hospital may pro-vide a reliable basis for taking effective protective and control measures against virus B hepatitis .