Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; therapy ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Esophagoscopy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards ; Research

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoadjuvant Therapy

Medical Oncology ; trends

The prevalence of esophageal cancer in China is significant. Surgery remains to be the mainstay treatment for esophageal cancer. Standardized surgical procedure and radical lymph node dissection is the base of multimodality treatment, which is also related to the success of the treatment and prognosis. At present, synchronized preoperative chemoradiation is recommended for operable esophageal cancer. Use of preoperative radiation is not associated with increased difficulty in performing surgery or increased complications. Preoperative chemotherapy alone is not recommended. NCCN recommends 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy administered synchronously with radiation. In China, postoperative synchronized chemoradiation is recommended for II(B-III) esophageal cancer. Large-scale, multi-center, prospective controlled clinical trials are warranted to determine the optimal combination of therapeutic alternatives to benefit patients the most.
Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To observe the consistency of MRI imaging and pathological examination.To discuss the value of MRI imaging in assessing the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.Methods 98 patients with breast cancer were selected as research subjects.All patients received six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and underwent surgical treatment after the end of chemotherapy.All of them were performed with MRI examination before and after 6 cycles of chemotherapy.The evaluation of MRI in assessing the neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative efficacy of breast cancer were compared for the consistency.Results The total effective rate by pathological examination of 98 cases of breast cancer after 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 71 .4%,and the effective rate by MRI examination was 74.5%,and two evaluation results were basically consistent.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI to assess the complete response (CR)patients after chemotherapy were 87.3%, 67.1 % and 78.2%,respectively,which of the partial response(PR)patients were 92.5%,59.7% and 85.9%, respectively.The tumor shrinkage of 22 patients was reduced towards the heart,with 23 branches reduced according to the MRI image.The average gap between MRI measured maximum tumor diameter and pathological examination results was (0.42 ±0.27)cm.Conclusion The evaluation of MRI in assessing the neoadjuvant chemotherapy was consistent with the pathology results,which could be used for clinical treatment and surgery program,worthy of clinical application.

The management of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma has been changed in recent years.More and more evidence confirmed the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer.Further research should be focused on how to target the particular population sensitive to chemoradiation.This article summarizes current knowledge of related literature on combined therapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer and serves as a background for the setup of a national standarized strategy for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate diagnosis value of abnormal distribution of electrophysiological parame -ters in Guillain-Barre syndrome .Methods 40 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome were chosen as an object of study ,all patients electrophysiological examination .Record limbs on both sides ,upper and lower extremities and proximal and distal motor nerve distal latency ( DML ) , motor conduction velocity ( MCV ) , compound muscle action potential (CMAP)and sensory conduction velocity (SCV) were recorded.Results F wave latency mildly abnormal ,moderately abnormal and severe abnormalities were 18.3 %,6.2 %and 5.3%,totaling 29.8%,F-wave occurrence rate mildly abnormal,moderately abnormal and severe abnormalities were 9.3 %9.8%and 15.6%,totaling 66.9%.Abnormal sensory conduction velocity was 57.5%,motor conduction velocity anomaly was 75.7%, there was a statistically sig-nificant difference between the two groups (χ2 =5.34,P<0.05).bilateral tibial nerve tests showed mild ,moderate and severe in patients with H-reflex abnormality rates were 78.0%,80.9%and 100.0%,among the three comparison (Uc=1.47,P>0.05).3 proximal and distal motor nerve severe damage rates were 48.3 percent and 74.5 percent, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =9.86,P <0.05).Severe upper limb proximal nerve damage was 51.4%,significantly lower than 71.6%of the distal upper extremity ,lower extremity proximal nerve severe damage to 44.2 %,significantly lower than the 81.6% of distal lower extremity between them were statistical difference (χ2 =8.86,12.43,all P<0.05).Conclusion Electrophysiological parameters detection Guillain-Barre syndrome has a high value,which can be accurate response in patients with neurological damage .

OBJECTIVE: To study the classification of common symptoms and the laws of syndrome element combination in 251 cases of stable angina pectoris (SAP) by using cluster analysis and corresponding-correlation analysis. METHODS: A total of 251 SAP cases were selected and their information from four diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine was recorded. The classification of common symptom and the laws of syndrome element combination were investigated by cluster analysis and corresponding-correlation analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-five symptoms found in 251 SAP cases were divided into four types by cluster analysis: deficiency of heart qi, deficiency of spleen qi, deficiency of qi and yin, and phlegm accumulation and blood stasis. The deficiency of heart qi had the closest relation to phlegm accumulation and blood stasis. By corresponding-correlation analysis, the deficiency of qi had the closest relation to blood stasis, next was turbid phlegm and heat stagnation, and then deficiency of qi and deficiency of yin. CONCLUSION: Blood stasis due to deficient qi is the key factor in pathogenesis of SAP. Deficiency of qi plus blood stasis, deficiency of qi plus deficiency of yin, blood stasis plus turbid phlegm, deficiency of heart qi plus blood stasis plus turbid phlegm are common syndrome element combinations of SAP. It is proved that cluster analysis and corresponding-correlation analysis are the proper methods for studying laws of syndrome element combination.

Tamoxifen has shown definitive effect when used as the adjuvant hormonal treatment in women with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. However, long-term use of Tamoxifen can induce fatty liver disease. It has been proposed that tamoxifen may act throught mechanisms such as inducing triacylglycerol accumulation in mitochondria, abnormal fatty acid oxidation, and antagonizing actions of estrogen on hepatic lipid metabolism. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor lipid profile and liver function, conduct regular ultrasonography and CT examination in patients receiving tamoxifen treatment. Replacing tamoxifen with toremifene oraromatase inhibitors, or using lipid-lowering medicines may help prevent tamoxifen-induced fatty liver disease.