Objective:To investigate the effect of neonatal vitamin Aand LRAT in marginal vitamin Adeficiency(MVAD)rats during pregnancy.Methods:Sixteen adult female Wistar rats were randomly separated into control and MVAD groups (eight per group).Serum and livers from mothers and new borns were collected after the establishment of the above two animal models.The vitamin A level was analyzed by HPLC.RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to assay the transcriptional level and protein level of LRAT in neonatal liver.Results:The plasma and liver vitamin A level from maternal and neonatal was significantly lower in the MVAD compared to the control group (P

Objective: To compare the predictive value of the 6th and the 7th editions of the UICCAJCC (Union for International Cancer Control-American Joint Committee on Cancer) TNM staging systems in prognosis of esophageal cancer after radical resection. Methods: Four hundred patients receiving radical resection of esophageal cancer between August 2006 and September 2009 were collected. The TNM staging and clinical staging were identified according to the 6th and the 7th editions of the UICCAJCC TNM staging systems. The prognosis-related factors were evaluated using univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier method) and multivariate analysis (COX proportional hazards model). Results: The threeyear overall survival rates among patients with stages I, II, and III-IV were both significantly different (P < 0.000) according to the 6th and the 7th editions of the UICC-AJCC TNM staging systems. Based on the 7th edition, the three-year overall survival rates among patients with stages IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC were significantly different (P = 0.001); the three-year overall survival rates of the patients with stages N0, N1, N2 and N 3 were 71.8%, 54.4%, 31.6% and 25.0%, respectively, and there existed significant difference in overall survival rate (P < 0.000). The COX proportional hazards model analysis revealed that according to the 6th and the 7th editions of the UICC-AJCC TNM staging systems, the factors of tumor size, differentiation, invasion depth (T staging), and lymph node metastases (N staging) were independent prognostic factors (all P < 0.05) for patients receiving radical resection of esophageal cancer. Conclusion: Both the 6th and the 7th editions of the UICC-AJCC TNM staging systems can be able to reflect the clinical prognosis of patients receiving radical resection of esophageal cancer, and the factors of tumor size, differentiation, invasion depth (T staging) and lymph node metastases (N staging) are the independent predictors of prognosis. Given the 7th edition of the UICC-AJCC TNM staging system for esophageal cancer is more precise than the 6th edition, it can be more effective in the prognostic prediction and the guidance of clinical treatment for patients with esophageal cancer. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in China, which serious threat to life and health. Surgical treatment of HCC is one of the most important therapeutic options for long-term survival of HCC patients, including hepatectomy and liver transplantation. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) infused the therapeutic agents directly into the hepatic artery, the main blood supply in HCC, providing higher concentration and reaction rate. HAIC is an effective treatment for hepatectomy of downstaging and adjuvant therapy, which can improve the feasibility of hepatectomy and decrease the recurrence rates after resection. In this paper, we will review the applications and advances of HAIC in surgical treatment of HCC.

Speech output, as a frequently used device in augmentative and alternative communication, has been limitedly used in intervention for autism. This article reviewed related studies in application of speech output in intervention for children with autism.

Animals ; Child ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; Neuroblastoma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; classification ; pathology ; Wilms Tumor ; classification ; pathology

ObjectiveTo explore the nursing students'puzzles about career planning,and provide a basis for the training.MethodsA qualitative research was conducted on 14 university nursing interns by in-depth interview and observing.The whole interview was noted.The data was analyzed according to Colaizzi's phenomenological procedure.ResultsThe experience could be classified into four aspects,including hazy understanding of career planning,lack of understanding of themselves,limited ca reer identity and lack of social cognition.ConclusionNursing educators should enhance the training against the nursing students'puzzles and make sure they can make a good career planning.

Objective To investigate the biological effect of GM-CSF on splenic dentritic cells (DCs)when used to treat severe sepsis and the influence on the prognosis.Methods All 160 male Kunming mice were randomly(random number)divided into four groups:control group(n =50),the mice didnt receive special treatment; CLP group(n =42),the mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture;conventional treatment group(n =34),the mice received intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg ceftriaxone at 12,24,36,48,60,72 and 84 h after surgery; GM-CSF treatment group(n =34),the mice received hypodermic injection of 20 μg/kg GM-CSF besides ceftriaxone at 12,36,60,and 84 h after surgery.The mice were sacrificed at 0,12,24,48 and 72 h after CLP by cervical dislocation.The amount of splenic DCs and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry,and the serum concentrations of IL-12 were detected by ELISA in each group.Meanwhile the survival prognosis was observed at 96 h.Results At every time point,the apoptosis of splenic DCs increased and the amount markedly reduced in severe sepsis(P ＜0.05),the serum concentration of IL-12 increased on an one-way curve type(P ＜0.05).The treatment of cephalosporin exacerbated the loss of DCs(P ＜ 0.05),while hadnt any effect on IL-12(P ＞ 0.05).GMCSF treatment increased the amount of DCs(P ＜ 0.05),and decreased IL-12 concentrations(P ＜ 0.05).The OR of GM-CSF was 0.079 computed by Logist regression analysis.Conclusions GM-CSF treatment severe sepsis can increase the amount of splenic DCs,decrease serum levels of IL-12,and improve prognosis.

Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the growth and metastasis of tumor.Methods The literatures of recent years were reviewed.Results NO had double effects on the growth and metastasis of tumor. NO promoted the growth and metastasis by regulating the expression of tumor proliferation gene and inducing tumor angiogenesis. On the other hand, NO had antitumor effects by interfering with the metabolism of tumor cells, inducing the damage of DNA, forming high toxic free radical, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and mediating the antitumor action of endothelial cells and macrophages.Conclusion Selective blockage or induction of synthesis of NO may be a new way for tumor therapy.

Objective To evaluate mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), short-form ~mini-nutritional assessment ( MNA-SF) and classical nutritional assessment (CNA) in order to assess the nutritional status of aged people. Methods By MNA, MNA-SF and classical nutritional biochemistry markers, the nutritional status of 144 hospitalized elderly was investigated. Results (1) The nutritional status of 144 hospitalized aged people measured by MNA was that the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 36.1% and 46.5% respectively. By using MNA-SF, the prevalence of malnutrition was 71.5%, and the prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 13.2% to 72.2% when we used classical method. (2) The correlation coefficients of MNA and CNA indexes of BMI, the circumferences of leg and upper arm, TSF, serum albumin, PAB, TG and Hb were 0.204~0.617 (P

Objective: To make an impersonal evaluation on the effect of TCM on main biochemical indexes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),including ALT,AST,GGT,TC,TG,and HDL-C.Methods: We searched all the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM for NAFLD from CBM, CNKI,and VIP (1999-2008).RevMan4.2 was used in the analysis. Results: 11 RCTs,including 1078 patients,met the inclusion criteria.All of the trials were not adequate in methodological quality. None of them was double-blinded trial.The result of analysis showed that compared with basic Western medicine,TCM could increase the content of HDL-C,reduce the content of ALT,AST,GGT,TC and TG.Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggested that TCM was beneficial over Western medicine for NAFLD which indexes including ALT,AST,GGT,TC,TG,and HDL-C.But we can not make a final conclusion due to low quality of RCT.