With the development of imaging techniques of CT , MRI, and PET-CT, the clinical applications of the above-men-tioned imaging modalities have become increasingly mature , which makes early diagnosis rate of pancreatic cancer has been improved to some extent.However, choosing the most effective and economical imaging method need to be addressed in the clinical work .This pa-per will show the research progress of imaging in pancreatic carcinoma detection at home and abroad .

Major points: Zhongwan (CV 12), bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) and Neiguan (PC 6); for excessive cold-dampness, plus Pishu (BL 20) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); for Liver-qi affecting stomach, plus Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Taichong (LR 3); for deficiency of both spleen and sto mach, plus Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21). Forty-six cases of diabetic gastric disorder were treated with acupuncture and 30 cases got marked effect, 16 cases got effect and the total effective rate reached 100%.

Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is a relatively common congenital heart disease,and there are 2 treatment methods of surgical operation and intervention.Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) was applied successfully in children with PS for the first time by Kan.For more than 30 years,with the update of intervention equipment,improvement of operation method and accumulation of clinical experience,the application of PBPV continuously has made new progress.Most of the previous reports of the PBPV were for the immediate and short-term efficacy,while long-term follow-up data and some special types of PS review research were less.Now,combined with PBPV clinical data and long-term follow-up study in recent years,an overview of the application progress of PBPV including indications,methods,curative effect and follow-up,prevention and cure of complications and some special type of PS are provided.

Ear, Inner ; surgery ; Humans ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; surgery ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; methods

Objective To study the effect of restraint and watered stress of different durations on the gastric empting in rats. Methods 48 male SD rats (weight ±150 g) were divided randomly into 6 groups with 8 in each. The experimental rats were restrained and watered in 23℃ water box for 1 h/d, while the controls were free. The body weight, general conditions and behavioral indexes of the rats were observed and recorded. The gastric empting rate was measured in rats with semi-solid diet after 3 d,7 d and 28 d during the statistically significant differences among different groups of different stress groups,and between the 3 d test group and 3 d control group. The gastric empting rate was higer in the 7-day test than in 7 d controlled group, lower in the 28 d test group than 28 d control group. Conclusion Different chronic stress can cause changes of gastric empting rate. With the prolonging of stress time, the empting rate is rising and then decending.

BACKGROUND: We have paid more attention on the effects of growth factors on tendon healing and adhesion formation, especially on the correlation of transforming growth factor with tissue adhesion and scar formation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in the zone Ⅱ flexor tendon of wound-healing rabbit models. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University. MATERIALS: Sixty clean adult New Zealand white rabbits weighting 4.0-4.5 kg, of either sex, were provided by Qingdao Animal Experimental Center. Left forelimbs of each animal were as experimental side, and right forelimbs of each animal were as control. There were 6 time points, namely at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56, 10 rabbits in each time point. Of the 10 rabbits, 6 rabbits received the in situ hybridization and 4 rabbits received the immunohistochemical staining. Animal intervention met the animal ethical standard. METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Qingdao University from September 2005 to July 2006. After anesthesia, each rabbit underwent complete transection of the profundus middle flexor tendon in zone Ⅱ, and then the tendon was repaired by the Kessler method. Rabbits in the control group did not receive any intervention. Rabbits were anesthetized and killed 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days after the surgery. Skin was incised along the original incision at the experimental sides to obtain tendons and tendon sheaths. The same measurements were performed in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Tenocytes and tendon sheath cells were detected with the in situ hybridization and the immunohistochemical staining to observe the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1. RESULTS: Sixty rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①The in situ hybridization results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was increased at day 1 after tendon injury in the experimental group, reached a peak at days 14-21 after tendon injury, reduced at day 28 and was still in a high level at day 56. Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was high in tendon sheath cells around the repaired region. At the same time point, the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was higher in tendon sheath cells than in tenocytes. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was found in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells in the control group. The expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05). ②Immunohistochemical staining results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was elevated at day 1 after the surgery, reached the peak at days 14-21 and was still in a high level at day 56 in the experimental group. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: The normal uninjured tenocytes and tendon sheath cells produce transforming growth factor beta-1. The cytokine is activated in the injured tendon. The increase of this cytokine in both tenocytes and tendon sheath fibroblasts are coincidence with both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms for tendon repair.

We sought to determine the efficacy of ramosetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting during emergency cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia with strict controls of causative factors.A total of 206 parturients participated in a randomized,single-blind and placebo-controlled trial.They received an intravenous injection of either ramosetron 0.3 mg or normal saline immediately after cord clamping.The primary outcome was the presence of postdelivery nausea and vomiting.Secondary outcomes included the need for rescue antiemetic,hypotension,pain and adverse effects.The incidence of postdelivery nausea and vomiting was 10.7％ in the ramosetron group vs.28.2％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of intraoperative hypotension and postdelivery was similar in both groups.The incidence of postdelivery pain and the requirement for rescue antiemetic were similar in both groups.Ramosetron 0.3 mg is effective in the prevention of postdelivery nausea and vomiting during cesarean delivery.

Objective　To evaluate the effects of vitrectomy associated with extraction of intraocular foreign bodies in the posterior segment.Methods　Retrospective analysis was done on clinical records of 11 patients (11 eyes) having undergone vitrectomy company with extraction of intraocular foreign bodies in the posterior segment.Results　The intraocular foreign bodies in the posterior segment were extracted successfully in all cases, the retinal detachment and endophthalmitis were cured. Postoperation visual acuity was improved in 8 eyes and did not change in 3 eyes. None suffered from postoperative secondary intraocular hemorrahge, decompensation of corneal endothelium and other serious complications.Conclusion　Vitrectomy combined with extraction of intraocular foreign bodies in the posterior segment is less damaging, accurate and safe, and enhances the cure rate. It is an effective method for treating intraocular foreign bodies.

In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer shows rising trend and higher mortality. Pancreatic cancer lacks early diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and the surgical resection rate is 10 %-20 % with high operation mortality, poor long-term curative effect and less than 5 %survival rate within 5 years. At present, researchers indicate that radiotherapy can improve the quality of life, increase tumor local control rate and prolong the overall survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer in different levels. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), as a functional imaging technology of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is the only way to react cell levels. This paper will summarize the application of DWI in radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To observe the effects of salmeterol/fluticasone on the bone metabolism and bone density of the patients with moderate COPD and whether the effects is relate with inhaled corticosteroid course. Methods Sixty pa-tients with COPD were divided into 2 groups by random digit table. Patients in experimental group (n=30) were given conven-tional therapy with salmeterol/fluticasone one inhale(bid) for continuously 12 months while patients in control group (N=30) were given conventional therapy without any glucocorticoid.The bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral triangle in all patients were measured by DXA before therapy, 3 months and 12 months after therapy. At the same time, biochemical indi-cators that are correlated with bone metabolism include bone gla protein (BGP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were mea-sured by radioimmunoassay. Results The BMD, BGP and ALP of patients in experimental group and in control group be-fore therapy, 3 month and 12 month after therapy were compared. There is no significant difference (P>0.05) between these two groups before therapy and after 3 month but significant difference was shown after 9 months (P<0.05). Conclusion Short period inhaling salmeterol/fluticasone in patients with COPD is safe. But long-term inhaling salmeterol/fluticason may lead to decline of the bone density in patients with COPD.