Objective To evaluate and eliminate the potential bias between data obtained from dry and liquid biochemical assays,making data obtained by different assays matchable.Methods Bias estimation was performed based on document EP9-A2.Simple data comparison and methodology validation were performed after the experiment methods were modified with the estimated correction factors and interception.All the collected data were analyzed by EXCEL2007 software.Results The predicted bias of 4 of the 10 compared items exceeded their corresponding acceptable bias.After being adjusted by the coefficient and interception obtained from linear regression analysis,the four bias was improved and was within the acceptable range.The results of simple data comparison further confirmed this comparability.Conclusion Based on EP9-A2,we have established a protocol to obtain a consistency of data from different biochemical analyzers,which makes it possible that the detection results of the same patient from different detection systems can be used directly.The protocol has been approved by the experts during the medicinal laboratory accreditation of ISO15189.

Two reaction systems have been observed to ascertain the capability of ABC-ELISA on the detection of antibodies against particulate antigens.Mouse thymucytes as the antigens were coated on the enzyme immunoassay plate for one system,and rabbit anti- mouse brain serum was titrated.The titer of the serum in ABC-ELISA was 1:12,800, about 40-fold higher than that in complement dependent cytotoxicity assay.In the other system,the plate was coated with cultured human leukemia cells of T lymphocyte origin(Cem-T)and B cell origin(Daudi),where the ascites induced by an anti-human lymphocyte hybridoma was titrated.The results showed that ABC-ELISA was 8-16 times sensitive than the standard ELISA,while the specificity and reliability of ABC- ELISA seemed satisfectory.The experi mental condition that might reduce nonspeci- ficity of the reaction to a certain degree was discussed.

A three-dimensional finite element model of premaxillary bone and anterior teeth was established with ANSYS 13.0. The anterior teeth were fixed with strong stainless labial archwire and lingual frame. In the horizontal loading experiments, a horizontal retraction force of 1.5 N was applied bilaterally to the segment through hooks at the same height between 7 and 21 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor; in vertical loading experiments, a vertical intrusion force of 1.5 N was applied at the midline of lingual frame with distance between 4 and 16 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor. After loading, solution was done and displacement and maximum principle stress were calculated. After horizontal loading, lingual displacement and stress in periodontal membrane (PDM) was most homogeneous when the traction force was 14 mm from the edge of central incisor; after vertical loading, intrusive displacement and stress in PDM were most homogeneous when the traction force was 12 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor. The results of this study suggested that the location of center of resistance (CRe) of six maxillary anterior teeth is about 14 mm gingivally and 12 mm lingually to incisal edge of central incisor. The location can provide evidence for theoretical and clinical study in orthodontics.
Dental Models ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Incisor ; Maxilla ; Periodontal Ligament ; Tongue

Objective By a sequencing panel consisting of 50 targeted genes, aiming at depicting the molecular landscape of ET, PV, and PMF, which are three major subtypes of MPN, to provide valuable information in the diagnosis and prognosis of MPN.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of 53 patients from Huashan hospital and Changhai hospital. All patients were diagnosed in accordance with the 2016 WHO diagnostic criteria for MPN, including 31 cases of ET(11 males, 20 females, median age 55 years), 17 cases of PV(12 males, 5 females, median age 65 years), and 5 cases of PMF(4 males, 1 females, median age 67 years), and underwent next-generation of DNA sequencing of their bone marrow or blood samples. The genetic analyses were performed on bone marrow or peripheral blood. Referring to COSMIC, dbSNP, Clinvar and other public databases, we analyzed the sequencing data, and elucidated the mutation profile of MPN patients, combining with their clinic information. Results In addition to the typical JAK2, CALR, and MPL mutations, pathogenic mutations in other 11 genes were detected, as well as 4 SNPs that confer individual susceptibility to MPNs (rs4858647, rs9376092, rs58270997, rs621940). The average rate of mutated genes was 2.3 genes per patient. In all patients (53 cases), the mutated genes detected were TET2, EZH2, ASXL1, MIR662, SF3B1, BARD1, DNMT3A, KIT, RUNX1, TP53, NRAS according to their mutational frequency. Conclusions Applying next-generation sequencing technology, multi-gene sequencing of a bunch of typical BCR-ABL-negative MPN patients can be performed at one time within 2 working days, and pathogenic mutations other than JAK2, CALR, MPL can be found, which has a bright prospection in clinic.

Objective: To study the expression of CD123 in bone marrow (BM) blasts of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients to explore the relationship between CD123 expression and therapeutic response and prognosis. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed expression and distribution of CD123 in BM blasts in 137 cases of newly diagnosed AML (excluded M₃) , CD123 detected by flow cytometry≥20% was defined as positive, including 84 CD123⁺ AML and 53 CD123^- AML, efficacy and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: ① Among 137 patients, 84 were in group CD123⁺ (61.3%) , and 53 in group CD123^- (38.7%) . All 137 patients were classified into risk groups based on cytogenetic and molecular biology abnormalities. No significant differences were seen between the three risk groups with regard to their CD123 levels (χ²=0.861, P=0.650) . Compared with CD123^- group, the CD123⁺ group had higher WBC[47.7 (1.0-264.0) vs 22.4 (0.7-211.0) , z=-2.592, P=0.010]. ② The rates of first complete remission (CR1) and recurrence of CD123⁺ group were 54.8% (46/84) and 50.8% (32/63) , respectively; and CD123^- group were 73.6% (39/53) and 41.7% (20/48) , respectively. There was significant difference of CR1 between the two groups (χ²=5.121, P=0.027) , whereas no significant difference of the recurrence rate (χ²=0.911, P=0.340) . ③ The median dutations of OS between CD123⁺ group and CD123^- group were 20.0 (95%CI 13.1-26.9) months vs 44.0 (95%CI 23.6-47.3) months, respectively (χ²=5.874, P=0.015) ; The median durations of DFS were 7.8 (95%CI 1.4-14.1) months vs 18.6 (95%CI 0-39.7) months, respectively, no differences were observed between the two groups (χ²=2.939, P=0.086) . ④ CD123 retained an adverse prognosis value on DFS and OS within the intermediate group and patients ≤ 50 years older. Conclusions CD123 widely expressed in AML patients, which was an independent risk factor for CR1 and OS, which implicating its important role in evaluating the induction chemotherapy response and prognosis of AML.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive. Methods One APL patient with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive who was diagnosed by using morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization in Changhai Hospital in November 2014 was retrospectively analyzed, and the patient was induced with retinoic acid and treated with DA (daunorubicin + cytarabine) regimen, followed by 4 courses of cytarabine consolidation therapy. Results Abnormal promyelocyte accounted for 0.64 by morphology. And the group of cells expressed myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD13, CD15, CD117, and CD7, CD11c, CD79a, CD123 weakly expressed or not by immunophenotype analysis; karyotype analysis showed 45, XY, t(5;17), 7p-,-16[8]/46, idem,+20[5]/45, idem,-8,+20[2]/46, XY[5]; the fusion gene screening showed that the expression level of NPM_RARα was 416.98% compared with that of APL; molecular complete remission was obtained after the consolidation therapy, but the patient relapsed after 34 months. Finally, the patient died of abnormal coagulation and respiratory failure, with overall survival of 35 months. Conclusion APL with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive is a rare type of acute leukemia, and the main treatment method is retinoic acid combined with myeloid chemotherapy regimen, which has a favorable efficacy but a poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hematological tumors with different types of abnormalities in platelet derived growth factor β (PDGFRβ) gene. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out on 141 patients with abnormal long arm of chromosome 5 (5q) and comprehensive medical history data from Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Medical University from 2009 to 2020, and their clinical data were collected. R-banding technique was used for chromosomal karyotyping analysis for the patient's bone marrow, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the PDGFRβ gene. The results of detection were divided into the amplification group, deletion group, and translocation group based on FISH signals. The three sets of data column crosstabs were statistically analyzed, and if the sample size was n >= 40 and the expected frequency T for each cell was >= 5, a Pearson test was used to compare the three groups of data. If N < 40 and any of the expected frequency T for each cell was < 5, a Fisher's exact test is used. Should there be a difference in the comparison results between the three sets of data, a Bonferroni method was further used to compare the data. RESULTS: In total 98 patients were detected to have PDGFRβ gene abnormalities with the PDGFRβ probe, which yielded a detection rate of 69.50% (98/141). Among these, 38 cases (38.78%) had PDGFRβ gene amplifications, 57 cases (58.16%) had deletions, and 3 (3.06%) had translocations. Among the 98 cases, 93 were found to have complex karyotypes, including 37 cases from the amplification group (97.37%, 37/38), 55 cases from the deletion group (96.49%, 55/57), and 1 case from the translocation group (33.33%, 1/3). Analysis of three sets of clinical data showed no significant gender preponderance in the groups (P > 0.05). The PDGFRβ deletion group was mainly associated with myeloid tumors, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (P < 0.001). The PDGFRβ amplification group was more common in lymphoid tumors, such as multiple myeloma (MM) (P < 0.001). The PDGFRβ translocation group was also more common in myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative tumors (MDS/MPN). CONCLUSION Tumors with PDGFRβ gene rearrangement may exhibit excessive proliferation of myeloproliferative tumors (MPN) and pathological hematopoietic changes in the MDS, and have typical clinical and hematological characteristics. As a relatively rare type of hematological tumor, in addition to previously described myeloid tumors such as MPN or MDS/MPN, it may also cover lymphoid/plasma cell tumors such as multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Humans ; Clinical Relevance ; Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Multiple Myeloma ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic

Objectives:To investigate the clinical and genetic features of young Chinese patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) .Methods:In this cross-sectional study, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to patients with MPN patients nationwide. The respondents were divided into 3 groups based on their age at diagnosis: young (≤40 years) , middle-aged (41-60 years) , and elderly (>60 years) . We compared the clinical and genetic characteristics of three groups of MPN patients.Results:1727 assessable questionnaires were collected. There were 453 (26.2%) young respondents with MPNs, including 274 with essential thrombocythemia (ET) , 80 with polycythemia vera (PV) , and 99 with myelofibrosis. Among the young group, 178 (39.3%) were male, and the median age was 31 (18-40) years. In comparison to middle-aged and elderly respondents, young respondents with MPN were more likely to present with a higher proportion of unmarried status (all P<0.001) , a higher education level (all P<0.001) , less comorbidity (ies) , fewer medications (all P<0.001) , and low-risk stratification (all P<0.001) . Younger respondents experienced headache (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.007; MF, P=0.001) at diagnosis, had splenomegaly at diagnosis (PV, P<0.001) , and survey (ET, P=0.052; PV, P=0.063) . Younger respondents had fewer thrombotic events at diagnosis (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.011) and during the survey (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.003) . JAK2 mutations were found in fewer young people (ET, P<0.001; PV, P<0.001; MF, P=0.013) ; however, CALR mutations were found in more young people (ET, P<0.001; MF, P=0.015) . Furthermore, mutations in non-driver genes (ET, P=0.042; PV, P=0.043; MF, P=0.004) and high-molecular risk mutations (ET, P=0.024; PV, P=0.023; MF, P=0.001) were found in fewer young respondents. Conclusion:Compared with middle-aged and elderly patients, young patients with MPN had unique clinical and genetic characteristics.

Objectives:To explore health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and identify its associated variables in Chinese patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) .Methods:In this cross-sectional study, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to adult patients with MPNs to assess symptom burden measured by MPN-10 and HRQoL measured by Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) .Results:The data from 1405 respondents with MPNs, including 645 (45.9%) with essential thrombocythemia (ET) , 297 (21.1%) with polycythemia vera (PV) , and 463 (33.0%) with myelofibrosis (MF) , were analyzed. 646 (46.0%) respondents were male. The median age was 56 (range, 18-99) years. The mean MPN-10 scores were 13.0±12.7, 15.0±14.7, and 21.0±16.6 ( P<0.001) , and the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were 48.0±8.5, 47.0±9.0, and 42.0±10.0 ( P<0.001) and 51.0±11.0, 50.0±10.8, and 49.0±11.1 ( P=0.002) for respondents with ET, PV, and MF, respectively. Respondents with MF reported the lowest score of physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, cognitive functioning, social function, and global health status (all P<0.01) and the highest score of fatigue, pain, dyspnea, appetite loss, diarrhea, and financial problems (all P<0.05) in EORTC QLQ-C30. Multivariate analyses revealed that higher MPN-10 scores were significantly associated with lower PCS (-0.220 to -0.277, P<0.001) and MCS (-0.244 to -0.329, P<0.001) scores; increasing age (-1.923 to -4.869; all P<0.05) , lower PCS score. Additionally, comorbidity (ies) , symptom at diagnosis, splenomegaly, anemia, unknown driver gene, and higher annual out-of-pocket cost were significantly associated with lower PCS and/or MCS scores. However, age ≥ 60 years, urban household registration, concomitant medication, and receiving ruxolitinib therapy in respondents with MF were associated with higher MCS scores. Weak correlations were found between MPN-10 score (except the subscale of appetite loss and constipation) and EORTC QLQ-C30 score in majority of subscales in respondents with ET (| r| = 0.193-0.457, all P<0.001) , PV (| r| = 0.192-0.529, all P<0.01) , and MF (| r| = 0.180-0.488, all P<0.001) , respectively. Conclusions:HRQoL in patients with MPN was significantly reduced, especially in patients with MF. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were significantly associated with the HRQoL in patients with MPNs.

Objective: To probe the prognostic value of consolidation chemotherapy in non-favorable acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who were candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with first complete remission (CR₁) and negative minimal residual disease (MRD^-) . Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 155 patients with non-favorable AML who received allo-HSCT in CR₁/MRD^- from January 2010 to March 2019. The survival data were compared between patients who received and those not received pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapy. Results: A total of 102 patients received pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapy (consolidation group) , and 53 cases directly proceeded to allo-HSCT when CR₁/MRD^- was achieved (nonconsolidation group) . The median ages were 39 (18-56) years old and 38 (19-67) years old, respectively. Five-year post-transplant overall survival [ (59.3±7.5) % vs (62.2±6.9) %, P=0.919] and relapse-free survival [ (53.0±8.9) % vs (61.6±7.0) %, P=0.936] were not significantly different between the two groups (consolidation vs nonconsolidation) . There was a weak relationship between consolidation therapy and cumulative incidence of relapse [consolidation: (21.9±5.4) % vs nonconsolidation: (18.3±6.0) %, P=0.942], as well as non-relapse mortality [consolidation: (22.4±4.3) % vs nonconsolidation: (28.4±6.5) %,P=0.464]. Multivariate analysis indicated that pre-transplant consolidation and the consolidation courses (< 2 vs ≥2 courses) did not have an impact on allo-HSCT outcomes. Conclusion Allo-HSCT for candidate patients without further consolidation when CR₁/MRD^- was attained was feasible.