Hepatitis C viral RNA in sera from 10 patients with post-transfusion hepatitis in Shanghai (China) were amplified By the nested PCR with primer sets deduced from the American prototype HCV RNA 5' -untranslated region. Eight of 10 cases (80%) were positive. And manipulations of PCR were simplified by combination of reverse transcription step and the first round PCR reaction. Our results indirectly proved that 5-untranslated region of HCV RNA of Shanghai showed a high degree of comservation and homology compared with isolates from some regions in the world.

The computer three-dimensional reconstruction of serial sections is an important research area in the world at precent. In this paper, we combine the computer graphics, image processing and biomedical techniques to reconstruct the stereo model of intra-glandular lymphatics, veins, arteries and duets with the serial semithin sections of human submandibular gland.

Objective To investigate the tissue characteristics within vascular stent and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on swine and to provide more information for the understanding and prevention of vascular stent and TIPS restenosis.Methods Animal models for TIPS were built in 6 swine and vascular stents were implanted in iliac veins simultaneouly.14-28 days after the operation.the 6 swine were killed to remove the TIPS and vascular stent and the pathological examinations were performed on the tissues within the shunt and stent.The similarities and difierences of the tissues within the shunt and stent were analvzed with Kruskal Wallis test. Results Restenosis of TIPS occurred in 4 models and complete occlusion were seen in 2,while all vascular stents were patent and coated with a thin layer of intimal tissueElectron micmscopic results showed that the tissues in restenotic TIPS were loose and with more extra matrix and fibers.and less smooth muscle,fibroblastic and myofibroblastic cells with different and irregular shape and rich secretory granules.The tissues in patent,TIPS contained more extra fibers,smooth muscle and fibmblastic cells with normal organdie.The intimal tissues in vascular stent contained more fibers and fibroblasts cells.less smooth muscle cells.On immunohistoehemical staining,the tissues in restenotlc and Datent TIPS as well as the intimal tissues in vascular stent had strong positive expression for anti-SMCactin-α.the expression were gradually weakened for PCNA,the intimal tissues in vascular stent had a strong positive expression for vimentin,while the expression of the tissues in restenotic and patent TIPS were weakened gradually.For myoglobulin,the tissues in restenotic TIPS had weakly positive expression,the expression in patent TIPS and vascular stent were almost negative. Western blot results for TGF-β showed that the absorbance ratios of the intima tissues in vascular stent,normal vascular tissues,normal liver tissues.the tissues in restenotic and patent TIPS were 0.23,0,0,0.57 and 0.30 respectively,and they were significantiy different (H=27.8,P＜0.01).Conclusions The tissues in restenotic TIPS mainly contain proliferated SMCs which have positive expression for anti-SMC-actin-α,strong proliferation and movement but unstability.The tissues in patent TIPS and intimal tissues in Vascular stent mainly contain fibroblastie cells which have positive expression for vimentin and stability.